Final exam Flashcards
16th century what kind of therapeutic social control ?
Mad people removed from homes and given to mad doctors
1800s-what kind of therapeutic social control
- mental patients are able to be responsible
- patients not helpless
- temporality I’ll
1930s-what kind of therapeutic social control
- insulin induced coma test subjects
- mortality rate high
1950s-what kind of therapeutic social control
Large mental hospitals
Sedating patients
1960- Critique of Total Institutions
Miller/Schwartz studied what about mentally disturbed?
Studied civil hearings where mentally disbursed come before a board to get out of hospital
20th Century- what kind of therapeutic social control
- closed down many institutions
- outpatient
Critique of total institutions - Robert Penucci
Adaptations to Hospital Environment
1) Withdrawal
2) Accommodation
3) Resistance
4) Conversion
Critique of Mental institutions -Greenley Study of mental hospital
Interested in:how long people stayed in hospital
Found: family influenced
- if family wants them home they will go no matter how ill
- if family wants them to stay they will no matter how well they are
Harrow Study on schizophrenia patients
Compared schizophrenia patients
Recovery rate on meds- 7%
Not taking drugs- 23%
What were the procedures and criteria required by the FDA approval process for new drugs
- only need 2 studies to show their drug is effective
- preclinical testing -on animals
- phase 1- human testing young healthy people
- phase 2- smaller trials 50-300 diagnosed with condition
- phase 3- patients they same /double blind condition valid
- phase 4-post marketing surveillance
What is an example of a bias on FDA drug trials
Placebo washout
Determine which people react to placebo and exclude them
Do not count people who drop out of study
Adverse reactions to drugs counted as consequences of the illness
Take people out who have adverse reactions to medication
main federal laws related to the food and drug administration and its activities
1906-pure food and drug act 1912-Shirley amendment 1938-federal food, drug and cosmetic act 1951-Durham Humphrey amendment 1962-kefauver Harris amendment 1992-prescription drug user fee act 1997-food and drug admin act
1912 Shirley amendment
Cannot say your product cures anything no fake advertising
1938 federal food drug and cosmetic act
Law gave FDA control over safety of products have to file showing new product safe
Distinction between over the counter vs prescription leave up to drug companies
Describe how medicalization of behavior occurred. How did sets of behaviors become new mental illnesses ?
- committee meet to change DSM and put together proposal/do studies /make revisions
- If there is a drug in place already to help something (such as anxiety) it is easier to add that to the DSM as a mental illness
- drug companies putting money into showcasing drug -broaden dsm to sell drugs
1951 Durham Humphrey amendment
Drug companies determine what drugs need prescription
Drug company misconduct -large number of victims serious harm
What kind of social control is applied when they engage in illegal and unethical behavior ?
LOW likelihood of Penal style,trilateral form
They are a high status offender - and consumers are low status
CLOSE social distance between justice department and FDA
USUALLY COMPENSATORY /fines to company not penal
How well do prescription medications work? use example
1950- thorazine
1950 thorazine-
was used as anti-psychiatric
would slow down motor activities
calm a disturbed personality
side effects-
drooling, blurred vision, shakiness, inability to concentrate
Anti depressants
1/3 of patients don’t respond to anti depressants, give loss of sex drive, kidney failure, coma, strokes
Harrow Study on schitzo patients
Study compared schizophrenia patients on drugs v not on drugs
Recovery rate on drugs- 7%
Off drugs- 23%
What is the most important mental health pattern since 1980
We are on more drugs than ever however numbers of mentally ill are not going down
