Final Exam

Question 1

Define Thesis:

Answer 1

A specific statement that can control or direct your paper.

Question 2

Define Logical Fallacy

Answer 2

Writing that has a flaw or slip in the reasoning process.

Question 3

What are the 5 C’s of good writing?

Answer 3

1. Correct
2. Clear
3. Consistant
4. Coherent
5. Concise

Question 4

What is a paraphrase?

Answer 4

A paraphrase is a rewording of the meaning of a given passage, it can be as long as or longer than the original passage.

Question 5

What are the first person singular and plural pronouns?

Answer 5

Singular: I
Plural: We

Question 6

What are the second person singular and plural pronouns?

Answer 6

Singular: You
Plural: You

Question 7

What are the third person singular and plural pronouns?

Answer 7

Singular: He/ She
Plural: They

Question 8

Define forecasting:

Answer 8

Info given at the beginning of the paper indicating what is to come

Question 9

Define framing:

Answer 9

When something mentioned at the beginning of the paper is reintroduced at the end

Question 10

Define topic sentence:

Answer 10

The main topic of an entire paragraph

Question 11

What are the 4 most common ways of developing a paragraph?

Answer 11

1. Giving examples
2. Telling incidents
3. Giving reasons
4. Using compare/ contrast

Question 12

What is a summary?

Answer 12

Restating the essential meaning of a longer piece of writing, it should be no more than 1/3 of the original length.

Question 13

What does unity mean?

Answer 13

Unity means oneness of thought & of purpose.

Question 14

What are three ways to make sure your sentence has unity?

Answer 14

1. Don’t put unrelated ideas into the same sentence.
2. Make sure the relationship between the ideas are immediately clear.
3. Do not introduce so many details that the central thought of the sentence is obscured.

Question 15

What does coherence mean?

Answer 15

Coherence means that your details are in such good order and the relationships between the details are so clear that the resulting paragraph is easy to understand.

Question 16

What are the four continuity devices listed in the textbook?

Answer 16

1. Pronoun reference
2. Repetition
3. Transition Expressions
4. Old-to-new

Question 17

In writing, what is an argument?

Answer 17

Writing that tries to persuade the reader.

Question 18

What are the 6 logical fallacies?

Answer 18

1. Post-hoc reasoning
2. Oversimplification of the case
3. Either-or-reasoning
4. False analogy
5. Begging the Question
6. Non Sequitir

Question 19

Define Post-hoc reasoning:

Answer 19

Confusing chronology with casually (after, this, therefore because of this)

Question 20

Define Begging the Question:

Answer 20

The author “begs” the audience to grant at the outset that which is actually at stake.

Question 21

Define Non Sequitir:

Answer 21

When one statement is not logically connected to another.

Question 22

What is the purpose of an introduction?

Answer 22

To capture your readers attention and to lead them into your subject.

Question 23

What should you do with your concluding paragraph in a piece of writing?

Answer 23

Your topic sentence needs to be a modified version of your original statement of purpose or thesis sentence.

Question 24

What is the purpose of a conclusion?

Answer 24

To round out your composition and to leave your reader with a sense of assurance that you are finished.

Question 25

Explain the flaws in the analogy by Judith Jarvis about abortion:

Answer 25

1. A violinist is a stranger/ a fetus is not. A fetus is a blood relative of the mother.
2. The women in bedridden for nine months/ not typically bedridden in pregnancy.
3. The woman is linked against her will/ whereas pregnancy is generally not forced on a woman (except in the case of rape).
4. The violinist’s need for the woman is not something she is responsible for, whereas in pregnancy she is responsible for the unborn child.
5. The woman can unhook herself, but abortion requires the assistance of a 2nd party to remove the fetus.

Question 26

Define senario:

Answer 26

a possible course of action or event

Question 27

Define anecdote:

Answer 27

story about a real incident or person

Question 28

Define authority:

Answer 28

someone who knows a lot about something or who is respected or obeyed by other people.

Question 29

What is a counter argument:

Answer 29

An argument put forward to oppose an idea developed in another argument.

Question 30

What happens when you acknowledge in a counterargument:

Answer 30

• You mention an objection to your argument.

- You may refute it or you may accommodate it

Question 31

What happens when you accommodate in a counterargument:

Answer 31

• You will qualify your own position with out refuting or evaluating if it is a good or bad point
• Point out that it is a good point but not enough to undermine your own position.

Question 32

What happens when you refute in a counterargument:

Answer 32

• Only do this to the weakest most vulnerable argument.

- Object when the criticism is so serious that you cannot accommodate or ignore it.