Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Psychology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Health Promotion

A

Programs designed to increase activities that are beneficial to many aspects of physical health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Community Psychology

A

A branch of psychology that focuses on research and practice on the reciprocal relations between individuals and the community in which they live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A prevention program applied to an entire population, such as media awareness campaign on the dangers of drinking and driving

A

Universal Preventative Intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A prevention program that targets people who are at elevated risk of developing a particular disorder or problem

A

Selective Preventative Intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A prevention program that targets people who do not meet criteria for a disorder, but who have elevated risk and may show detectable, but subclinical, signs of the disorder

A

Indicated Preventative Intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Primary Prevention

A

The provision of conditions conducive to good health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Prevention that targets groups of people who are identified as being at high risk

A

Secondary Prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tertiary Prevention

A

Occurs with respect to chronic disorders and focuses on rehabilitation and long-term adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An approach to prevention that reduces risks and promotes protective factors

A

Risk Reduction Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Risk Factors

A

Characteristics of the individual or environment that render a person more vulnerable to the development of a problem or disorder, or that are associated with more severe symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Protective Factors

A

Characteristics of the individual or environment that render a person less vulnerable to the development of a disorder or problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Individual Risk Factors (10)

A 
Complications in pregnancy and/or birth
Physical health problems or disability
Difficult temperament
Poor nutrition
Intellectual deficit or learning disability
Attachment problems
Poor social skills
Low self-esteem
Impulsivity
Attention deficits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

School Risk Factors (4)

A

Bullying
Peer rejection
Deviant peer group
Inadequate behaviour management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Family/ Social Risk Factors (10)

A 
Parental isolation
Single parent
Antisocial family role models 
Exposure to family and community violence
Harsh or inconsistent discipline
Inadequate supervision and monitoring
Parental abuse or neglect
Long-term parental unemployment
Criminality in the family
Parental psychopathology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Life and Situational Risk Factors (13)

A 
Abuse
Homelessness
Family disruption
Chronic illness or death of family member
Poverty
Unemployment
Parental imprisonment
War or natural disasters
High-density living
Witnessing trauma
Migration
Poor housing conditions
Isolation from support services (transport, shopping, recreational facilities)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cultural and Community Risk Factors (4)

A

Socioeconomic disadvantage
Social or cultural discrimination
Isolation
Exposure to community violence and crime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Individual protective Factors (9)

A 
Easy temperament
Adequate nutrition
Positive attachment
Above-average intelligence
School achievement
Social competence
Problem-solving skills
Optimism
Positive self-esteem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Family/ Social Protective Factors (5)

A 
Supportive, caring parents
Authoritative parenting
Family harmony
Supportive relationship with another (non-parental) adult
Strong family norms and prosocial values
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

School Protective Factors (5)

A 
Prosocial peer group
Required responsibility and helpfulness
School norms against violence
Opportunity for some success and recognition of achievement
Positive school-home relations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Life and Situational Protective Factors (2)

A

Adequate income

Adequate housing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Community and Cultural Protective Factors (5)

A

Attachment to networks within the community
Participation in church and other community groups
Strong cultural identity and ethnic pride
Access to support services
Community/ cultural norms against violence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The number of people who need to receive the intervention in order to prevent one person from developing the condition

A

Number Needed to Treat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Why is prevention important?

A

High cost of mental disorders; increased risk of physical disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The predisposition to metal disorder is the cumulative effects of the presence of (3):

A

Multiple risk factors
The lack of protective factors
The interplay of risk and protective factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

In prevention models we should include (3):

A

Factors that are malleable
Factors mainly related to he development of a particular disorder that can generate specific effects
Generic factors (generate a broad spectrum of preventative effects)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Factors to consider in prevention (5):

A 
Politics 
Competition
Clinical training and role definition
Program evaluation
Determining cost-effectiveness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Features of successful prevention programs (6)

A

Evidence based
Programs work to promote relatively simple principles
Multi-faceted
Developed as an expansion of an efficacious treatment
Offered in convenient contexts
Importance of program fidelity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Mental disorder _____ has as its targets the reduction of symptoms and ultimately of mental disorders

A

Prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Mental health ______ aims to promote positive mental health by increasing psychological well-being, competence and resilience, and by creating supportive living conditions and environments

A

Promotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The study of the conditions and processes that contribute to the flourishing or optimal functioning of people, groups, and institution

A

Positive Psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

A treatment approach that emphasizes bringing to awareness unconscious processes, especially as they are expressed in interpersonal relationships, and helping the client to understand and alter these processes

A

Short-term psychodynamic therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Transference

A

The unconscious application of expectations and emotional experiences, based on important early relationships, to subsequent interpersonal relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Therapeutic Tasks in Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (3 Phases)

A

Phase 1: Developing positive transference relationship. Identifying themes that are important for the patient
Phase 2: Analyzing the transference relationship. Exploring themes through clarification and confrontation.
Phase 3: Terminating the therapy. Dealing with loss, dealing with expectable challenges in life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

A treatment approach that emphasizes interpersonal elements in the development, maintenance, and alteration of psychological problems

A

Interpersonal Psychotherapy

35
Q

Phases of interpersonal psychotherapy (3 Sessions)

A

Initial Sessions 1-3: Assess symptoms, Diagnose and explain depressive disorder, assess interpersonal context, present IPT formulation of patient’s problems
Intermediate Sessions 4-12: Grief, role disputes, role transitions, interpersonal deficits
Termination Phase 13-16: Acknowledge worries and sadness related to ending therapy, encourage awareness and practice of new skills, anticipate future challenges in which new skills will be employed

36
Q

A treatment approach that emphasizes the importance of becoming aware of emotions, understanding and expressing emotions, and transforming maladaptive to adaptive emotions

A

Process-experiential therapy

37
Q

Principles of Process Experiential Therapy (4)

A

Fostering a therapeutic relationship
Facilitating work on therapeutic tasks
Experiential response modes
Therapeutic tasks

38
Q

A treatment approach that emphasizes the role of thoughts and behaviour in psychological problems and, therefore, focuses on altering beliefs, expectations, and behaviours in order to improve the client’s functioning

A

Cognitive-behavioural therapy

39
Q

Self-efficacy

A

A person’s sense of competence to learn and perform new tasks

40
Q

Phases of CBT

A

Assessment phase, Intervention phase, termination phase, booster sessions

41
Q

Structured group therapies

A

Extensions of treatments that are also offered in an individual format

42
Q

Process group therapy

A

Designed to capitalize on the dynamics of the group

43
Q

Self-administered treatment

A

Treatment that the client engages in with no or minimal contact with a mental health professional

44
Q

The delivery of health care services via telephone, videoconferencing, or computer-mediated communications

A

Telehealth

45
Q

An approach to health care service delivery in which lower-cost interventions are offered first, with more intensive and more costly interventions being provided only those for whom the first-line intervention was insufficient

A

Stepped Care

46
Q

Randomized Controlled Trial

A

An experiment in which research participants are randomly assigned to one of two or more treatment conditions

47
Q

A set of statistical procedures for quantitatively summarizing the results of a research domain

A

Meta-analysis

48
Q

Effect Size

A

A standardized metric, typically expressed in standard deviation units or correlations, that allows the results of research studies to be combined and analyzed

49
Q

A summary of scientific research, dealing with the diagnosis, assessment, and/or treatment of a disorder, designed to provide guidance to clinicians providing services to patients with the disorder

A

Clinical Practice Guidelines

50
Q

Empirically Supported Treatment

A

A psychotherapy that has been found, in a series of randomized controlled trials or single-participant designs, to be efficacious in the treatment of a specific condition

51
Q

A type of initial, exploratory treatment study in which no control group is used and, typically, few participant exclusion criteria are applied

A

Open Trial

52
Q

The use of data from empirical studies to provide a comparison against which the effectiveness of clinical services can be gauged

A

Benchmarking Strategy

53
Q

Parent-child interactions in which the parent unintentionally rewards the child for whining or aggression and the child rewards the parent for giving in to his or her complaints

A

Coercive Exchanges

54
Q

Core Parenting Skills (5)

A 
Positive involvement
Skill encouragement 
Discipline
Monitoring
Problem-solving
55
Q

Any consequence that increases the likelihood of a behaviour being repeated

A

Positive Reinforcement

56
Q

Time Out

A

A parenting strategy in which the child does not have access to reinforcers for a brief period following misbehaviour

57
Q

Parental Monitoring

A

Parents’ awareness and tracking of the child’s activities

58
Q

A theory that examines a young person’s functioning within multiple contexts in which he or she lives-family, school, neighbourhood

A

Ecological Theory

59
Q

Tracking mood on a regular basis, usually using a chart

A

Mood Monitoring

60
Q

Psychoeducation

A

Teaching psychological concepts to clients in a manner that is accessible to them

61
Q

Research that examines patterns, using therapist and/or client data, that are evident within and across therapy sessions

A

Process Research

62
Q

Process-outcome Research

A

Research that examines the relation between variables related to the process of providing psychotherapy and the outcome of therapy

63
Q

Common Factors

A

Therapeutic elements that occur in all or most treatments and are believed to be critical for successful client outcomes

64
Q

Client Variables that Influence Treatment (11)

A 
Socioeconomic Status
Ethnicity
Gender
Age
Symptom Severity
Functional Impairment
Personality Disorders
Ego Strength
Psychological Mindedness
Psychological Reactance
Treatment Expectations
65
Q

Therapist Variables that Influence Treatment

A 
Ethnicity
Gender
Age
Professional Discipline
Professional Experience
Personality Traits
Emotional Well-Being
Values, Attitudes, and Beliefs
Use of Self-Disclosure
66
Q

Reactance

A

The tendency to react against attempts to directly influence one’s behaviour

67
Q

Theoretical models that explicitly incorporate aspects of multiple theoretical approaches and, frequently, common factors

A

Integrative Treatment Models

68
Q

Therapeutic Alliance

A

A concept that encompasses the quality and strength of the collaboration relationship between client and therapist

69
Q

Dodo Bird Effect

A

In the context of psychotherapy research, the view that all psychotherapies are equally effective

70
Q

Aspects of the therapeutic relationship that research has found to be associated with successful treatment

A

Evidence-based Psychotherapy Relationships

71
Q

Client, therapist, therapeutic relationship, and treatment factors that research has found to be associated with successful treatment

A

Empirically based principles of therapeutic change

72
Q

Common Factors in Psychotherapy (3)

A

Support
Learning
Action

73
Q

Support Factors (6)

A 
Reducing isolation
Providing reassurance 
Therapist excellence
Therapist alliance
Therapist respect and empathy
Exploration of assumptions, beliefs, expectations
74
Q

Learning Factors (7)

A 
Advice
Mastery 
Self-efficacy 
Feedback
Insight
Behavioural regulation/ activation
Emotional experiencing/ regulation
75
Q

Action Factors (7)

A 
Practice
Modelling
Reality Testing
Facing Fears
Working through issues of acceptance/ warmth/ attachment 
Catharsis
Releasing tension
76
Q

Two aims of empirically supported relationships

A

Identify elements of effective therapy relationships

Determine methods of tailoring therapy to individual patient characteristics

77
Q

Interventions for Children and Adolescents (8)

A 
Internalizing disorders
Externalizing disorders
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Substance Use Disorders
Trauma-related Difficulties
Health-related Difficulties
Sleep Disorders
Eating Disorders
78
Q

Coping Cat is for_____

A

Anxiety

79
Q

Approach is to integrate the behavioural approach with an added emphasis on the cognitive information-processing factors associated with each individual’s anxiety
Overall goal is to teach children to recognize signs of unwanted anxious arousal and to let these signs serve as cues for the use of anxiety management strategies

A

Coping Cat Treatment for Anxiety

80
Q

Coping Cat Program

A

FEAR

Feeling frightened, Expecting bad things to happen, Attitudes and actions that might help, Results and rewards

81
Q

Two components of PMT

A

Special play time and discipline

82
Q

Advantages of Virtual Reality

A

Offers a standardized, controlled, replicable environment
Stimuli can be more readily available
Studies show VR is effective

83
Q

Goals of Psychotherapy

A 
Fostering insight
Reducing emotional distress
Encouraging catharsis
Providing new info
Assigning outside therapy tasks
Development of hope and positive expectations
84
Q

Theoretical Approaches (4)

A

Short-term Psychodynamic
Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression
Process-experiential
Cognitive-behavioural

Clinical Psychology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions