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Informatics > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is Project Management?

A

Application of knowledge to project activities in order to meet project requirements.

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2
Q

What are Phase Exits (aka Stage Gates/Kill Points)?

A

Decision points at the end of each stage to determine performance, correct problems, or cancel project.

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3
Q

What is the Generic Project Life Cycle?

A
  • Define project goals
  • Plan project
  • Execute project plan
  • Close project
  • Evaluate project
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4
Q

What is the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

A
  • Planning
  • Analysis
  • Design
  • Implementation
  • Maintenance and Support
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5
Q

What is RAD?

A

Rapid Application Development

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6
Q

What is RAD used for?

A
  • Prototyping
  • Spiral Development
  • Extreme Programming
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7
Q

What are different examples of System Methodology?

A
  • Waterfall
  • Parallel
  • Agile Development
  • Rapid Application Development
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8
Q

What is Agile Development?

A

Focuses on streamlining the SDLC by eliminating much of the modeling and documentation overhead and the time spent on those tasks.

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9
Q

What are the details behind Project Closing?

A
  • All projects must end
  • Discuss what you did well
  • Determine what you can do better next time
  • Initiate changes that will improve the management of future projects
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10
Q

What are the two criteria for project management?

A
  • Must have end date

- Be within budget

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11
Q

What do servers organize data for?

A
  • Large financial
  • Scientific
  • Medical Data
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12
Q

What do desktops organize data for?

A
  • Independent users
  • Small home/business
  • Education
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13
Q

What is a database?

A

A system for storing/retrieving electronic info.

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14
Q

What is DBMS?

A

Database Management System.

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15
Q

What is DBMS used for?

A

Software used to manipulate the database.

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16
Q

What are the different types of databases?

A
  • Hierarchical
  • Network
  • Relational
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17
Q

Describe the Hierarchical Database.

A
  • Tree structure
  • Less flexible
  • Common to legacy-mainframe
  • One-to-many relationship
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18
Q

Describe the Network Database.

A
  • Many-to-many relationship

- Records are linked together by printers

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19
Q

Describe the relational database.

A
  • Searches/queries
  • Tables have no fixed structure or connectivity
  • Table-to-table through any common field
  • Contains data about an entity-
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20
Q

What is a Schema?

A

Group of related objects in a database.

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21
Q

What are the 3 different schema models?

A
  • Conceptual (logical)
  • Internal (physical)
  • External (application interface)
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22
Q

What is SQL?

A

Structured Query Language.

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23
Q

What is SQL used for?

A

To create, modify, and query RDBMS tables.

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24
Q

Describe Object-Oriented Databases

A
  • Most recent database
  • In OOP (Object-Oriented Programming); code and data are merged into an object
  • Reduces amount of programming needed
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25
Q

Describe Distributed Databases.

A
  • Spreads data across several smaller databases
  • Single point-of-failure of critical data is eliminated due to multiple copies
  • No network communication required
26
Q

Describe Data Warehouses.

A
  • Collection of sources
  • View data on an as-needed basis
  • Outcomes research
  • Evaluate alternative treatment modalities
27
Q

Describe Clinical Data Repository.

A

Brings together info from various venues of care and departments within hospitals.

28
Q

What is the difference from the newest Health Care IS?

A
  • Newest is a client-server

- Newest has dynamic analytic tools such as Hadoop or MapReduce

29
Q

What are the 4 V’s of Big Data?

A
  • Volume
  • Velocity
  • Variety
  • Veracity
30
Q

What is Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM)?

A

Clinical problem solving with clinical expertise and patient values.

31
Q

Public Health

A
  • Preventing disease
  • Promoting health
  • Prolonging life
32
Q

Population Health

A

Health of a group of individuals, including distribution of outcomes within the group.

33
Q

Disease Management

A
  • Disease Management
  • Approach to ID persons at risk
  • Intervene with care
  • Measure clinical and other outcomes
34
Q

Lifestyle Management

A

Focus on personal risk factors (i.e. smoking).

35
Q

Demand management

A

Focus on improved utilization (i.e. emergency room usage).

36
Q

Condition Management

A

Focus on temporary conditions (i.e. pregnancy).

37
Q

Patient Registry

A

Study using observational methods to collect data and evaluate outcomes for a population with a disease, condition, or exposure that serves a scientific and clinical purpose.

38
Q

What is Archimedes?

A

A free data analytics tool that can evaluate multiple data sets provided on their website.

39
Q

What are Health Service Registries?

A

Track hospitalizations, office visits, surgeries and infectious diseases.

40
Q

What are Disease/Condition Registries?

A
  • Track chronic diseases like diabetes, cancer, heart failure and conditions such as pregnancy
  • Can track rare diseases
41
Q

What are Product Registries?

A

Track patient safety-related concerns such as toxin exposure, certain medications, adverse drug events, and devices.

42
Q

What are Combination Registries?

A

Combine several functions together.

43
Q

What are the different ways to populate a registry?

A

Manual

  • Auto (LOINC & HL7)
  • Automated and Integrated (EHR & HIO)
44
Q

Telehealth

A

Remote delivery of medical care, administration, education (i.e. consult colleagues).

45
Q

Telemedicine

A
  • Using medical information from one site to another via eComms to improve a patients’ health status
  • Remote delivery of healthcare using tech
  • i.e. Radio/TV
46
Q

What is CMS?

A

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

47
Q

What are the goals of Meaningful Use?

A
  • Improve quality and reduce health disparities
  • Improve care coordination
  • Improve population and public health
48
Q

What are the IT Life Cycle Phases in order?

A
  • Needs Assessment (Planning)
  • System Selection
  • Implementation
  • Maintenance
49
Q

What is RFI?

A

Request for information.

50
Q

What do you do with an RFI?

A

Ask vendor for a description of system and capabilities.

51
Q

What is RFP?

A

Request for proposal.

52
Q

What do you do with RRP?

A

Describes system requirements sought.

53
Q

What is RFQ?

A

Request for quote.

54
Q

What do you do with an RFQ?

A

Document that focuses on pricing, services, and contract terms.

55
Q

Teleradiology

A

Radiologists can be home at night, read an image, dictate a report via voice recognition and host it all in the cloud for others to view and link to the local EHR

56
Q

Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS)

A

medical imaging technology which provides economical storage of, and convenient access to, images from multiple modalities

57
Q

Medical Imaging Informatics

A

Study of imaging, acquisition, storage, interpretation and sharing to improve patient care

58
Q

Bioinformatics

A

Computational Biology or the field of science in which biology, computer science and information technology merge to form a single discipline

59
Q

Transformational Bioinformatics

A

is the specialization of bioinformatics for human health

60
Q

Proteomics

A

study at the level of proteins

61
Q

Pharmacogenomics

A

is the study of genetic material in relationship with drug targets

62
Q

Metabolomics

A

is the study of genes, proteins or metabolites

Informatics (1 decks)

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