Final Exam Flashcards
What is Project Management?
Application of knowledge to project activities in order to meet project requirements.
What are Phase Exits (aka Stage Gates/Kill Points)?
Decision points at the end of each stage to determine performance, correct problems, or cancel project.
What is the Generic Project Life Cycle?
- Define project goals
- Plan project
- Execute project plan
- Close project
- Evaluate project
What is the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
- Planning
- Analysis
- Design
- Implementation
- Maintenance and Support
What is RAD?
Rapid Application Development
What is RAD used for?
- Prototyping
- Spiral Development
- Extreme Programming
What are different examples of System Methodology?
- Waterfall
- Parallel
- Agile Development
- Rapid Application Development
What is Agile Development?
Focuses on streamlining the SDLC by eliminating much of the modeling and documentation overhead and the time spent on those tasks.
What are the details behind Project Closing?
- All projects must end
- Discuss what you did well
- Determine what you can do better next time
- Initiate changes that will improve the management of future projects
What are the two criteria for project management?
- Must have end date
- Be within budget
What do servers organize data for?
- Large financial
- Scientific
- Medical Data
What do desktops organize data for?
- Independent users
- Small home/business
- Education
What is a database?
A system for storing/retrieving electronic info.
What is DBMS?
Database Management System.
What is DBMS used for?
Software used to manipulate the database.
What are the different types of databases?
- Hierarchical
- Network
- Relational
Describe the Hierarchical Database.
- Tree structure
- Less flexible
- Common to legacy-mainframe
- One-to-many relationship
Describe the Network Database.
- Many-to-many relationship
- Records are linked together by printers
Describe the relational database.
- Searches/queries
- Tables have no fixed structure or connectivity
- Table-to-table through any common field
- Contains data about an entity-
What is a Schema?
Group of related objects in a database.
What are the 3 different schema models?
- Conceptual (logical)
- Internal (physical)
- External (application interface)
What is SQL?
Structured Query Language.
What is SQL used for?
To create, modify, and query RDBMS tables.
Describe Object-Oriented Databases
- Most recent database
- In OOP (Object-Oriented Programming); code and data are merged into an object
- Reduces amount of programming needed
Describe Distributed Databases.
- Spreads data across several smaller databases
- Single point-of-failure of critical data is eliminated due to multiple copies
- No network communication required
Describe Data Warehouses.
- Collection of sources
- View data on an as-needed basis
- Outcomes research
- Evaluate alternative treatment modalities
Describe Clinical Data Repository.
Brings together info from various venues of care and departments within hospitals.
What is the difference from the newest Health Care IS?
- Newest is a client-server
- Newest has dynamic analytic tools such as Hadoop or MapReduce
What are the 4 V’s of Big Data?
- Volume
- Velocity
- Variety
- Veracity
What is Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM)?
Clinical problem solving with clinical expertise and patient values.
Public Health
- Preventing disease
- Promoting health
- Prolonging life
Population Health
Health of a group of individuals, including distribution of outcomes within the group.
Disease Management
- Disease Management
- Approach to ID persons at risk
- Intervene with care
- Measure clinical and other outcomes
Lifestyle Management
Focus on personal risk factors (i.e. smoking).
Demand management
Focus on improved utilization (i.e. emergency room usage).
Condition Management
Focus on temporary conditions (i.e. pregnancy).
Patient Registry
Study using observational methods to collect data and evaluate outcomes for a population with a disease, condition, or exposure that serves a scientific and clinical purpose.
What is Archimedes?
A free data analytics tool that can evaluate multiple data sets provided on their website.
What are Health Service Registries?
Track hospitalizations, office visits, surgeries and infectious diseases.
What are Disease/Condition Registries?
- Track chronic diseases like diabetes, cancer, heart failure and conditions such as pregnancy
- Can track rare diseases
What are Product Registries?
Track patient safety-related concerns such as toxin exposure, certain medications, adverse drug events, and devices.
What are Combination Registries?
Combine several functions together.
What are the different ways to populate a registry?
Manual
- Auto (LOINC & HL7)
- Automated and Integrated (EHR & HIO)
Telehealth
Remote delivery of medical care, administration, education (i.e. consult colleagues).
Telemedicine
- Using medical information from one site to another via eComms to improve a patients’ health status
- Remote delivery of healthcare using tech
- i.e. Radio/TV
What is CMS?
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.
What are the goals of Meaningful Use?
- Improve quality and reduce health disparities
- Improve care coordination
- Improve population and public health
What are the IT Life Cycle Phases in order?
- Needs Assessment (Planning)
- System Selection
- Implementation
- Maintenance
What is RFI?
Request for information.
What do you do with an RFI?
Ask vendor for a description of system and capabilities.
What is RFP?
Request for proposal.
What do you do with RRP?
Describes system requirements sought.
What is RFQ?
Request for quote.
What do you do with an RFQ?
Document that focuses on pricing, services, and contract terms.
Teleradiology
Radiologists can be home at night, read an image, dictate a report via voice recognition and host it all in the cloud for others to view and link to the local EHR
Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS)
medical imaging technology which provides economical storage of, and convenient access to, images from multiple modalities
Medical Imaging Informatics
Study of imaging, acquisition, storage, interpretation and sharing to improve patient care
Bioinformatics
Computational Biology or the field of science in which biology, computer science and information technology merge to form a single discipline
Transformational Bioinformatics
is the specialization of bioinformatics for human health
Proteomics
study at the level of proteins
Pharmacogenomics
is the study of genetic material in relationship with drug targets
Metabolomics
is the study of genes, proteins or metabolites
