Final Exam Flashcards
Many of the physical changes in aging women can be slowed or prevented with
a. testosterone replacement therapy.
b. estrogen replacement therapy.
c. progesterone replacement therapy.
d. follicle stimulating hormone replacement therapy.
b. estrogen replacement therapy.
The pattern of sexual partners for most single people would be described as
a. casual relations.
b. love relationships with no commitment.
c. serial monogamy.
d. sexual relations leading to commitment.
c. serial monogamy.
Turque and Tina are friends who also have sex with each other. The most likely outcome of their arrangement is that they will
a. be friends when they stop having sex.
b. form a romantic relationship.
c. be neither friends nor lovers.
d. get married, but later divorce.
a. be friends when they stop having sex.
An independent variable is _________; a dependent variable is ________.
a. the treatment; the manipulated variable
b. the manipulated variable; the treatment
c. the manipulated variable; the measured result
d. the measured result; the manipulated variable
c. the manipulated variable; the measured result
From a scientific perspective, in order to understand a sexual behaviour, we must first be able to
a. observe it directly.
b. visualize it discreetly.
c. dissect it.
d. describe it.
d. describe it.
A young girl sees women on television cooking and cleaning, and tries to imitate their actions with her toys. Her parents enjoy this, and call her a “good little housekeeper.” Which theory does this demonstrate?
a. Psychoanalystic
b. Bio-psychosocial
c. Social-cognitive
d. Behaviourist
c. Social-cognitive
In the scrotum, each testis is held in place by a(n)
a. spermatic cord.
b. dartos muscle.
c. vas deferens.
d. interstitial cell.
a. spermatic cord.
Priapism may become a medical emergency if
a. fibrous tissue continues to build up at the end of the penile shaft.
b. erection continues beyond six hours.
c. too much sperm enters the bladder.
d. the curvature of the penis prevents comfortable intercourse.
b. erection continues beyond six hours.
Which of the following most accurately describes the impact of menopause on female sexuality?
a. The lack of estrogen causing vaginal dryness cannot be sufficiently addressed to make intercourse comfortable.
b. Most women lose all interest in sex after menopause.
c. Many women continue to have active and pleasurable sex lives after menopause.
d. After menopause, women who want to restore their sex drive to premenopausal levels typically require selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
c. Many women continue to have active and pleasurable sex lives after menopause.
The labia majora
a. are the large fleshy folds of skin on each side of the vaginal opening.
b. come together to form the hood covering the clitoris.
c. are the thinner, inner folds of flesh just outside the vaginal opening.
d. have few nerve endings and are relatively insensitive to stimulation.
a. are the large fleshy folds of skin on each side of the vaginal opening.
According to the ABCDE model, which stage of the relationship begins when two people find one another appealing?
a. Continuation
b. Building
c. Attraction
d. Excitement
c. Attraction
Self-disclosure is central to building
a. casual relationships.
b. intimate relationships.
c. trusting relationships.
d. lasting relationships.
b. intimate relationships.
When comparing the factors that lead to relationship satisfaction for heterosexual and gay populations, research shows that
a. communication is more important for gay couples.
b. similar factors exist for both gay and straight couples.
c. communication is more important for straight couples.
d. sharing power in the relationship is more important for gay couples.
b. similar factors exist for both gay and straight couples.
A useful communication technique to use when discussing sexual matters with your partner is
a. paraphrasing.
b. self-disclosure.
c. signalling.
d. reinforcement.
b. self-disclosure.
Progestin in the combination pill
a. lowers estrogen levels.
b. increases the thickness and acidity of the cervical mucus.
c. delays ovulation.
d. increases progesterone levels.
b. increases the thickness and acidity of the cervical mucus.
Emergency contraception is most effective when taken within ____ of unprotected intercourse.
a. 24 hours
b. 36 hours
c. 72 hours
d. 12 hours
c. 72 hours
According to the cervical mucus (ovulation) method of birth control, women are most fertile
a. when mucus is slippery and stringy.
b. when mucus is thick and sticky.
c. when there is no mucus present.
d. when mucus is white and cloudy.
a. when mucus is slippery and stringy.
Deanna has never experienced an orgasm during intercourse but can achieve orgasm through masturbation. She is concerned that she has an orgasmic disorder. What should Deanna know?
a. She probably holds some deep-seated resentment toward her partner that needs to be resolved.
b. She is correct and probably does suffer from female orgasmic disorder.
c. Many women cannot achieve orgasm through intercourse alone and require direct stimulation of the clitoris.
d. She probably suffers from guilt and sees sex as something shameful.
c. Many women cannot achieve orgasm through intercourse alone and require direct stimulation of the clitoris.
In the sexual response cycle, myotonia refers to
a. increased respiration.
b. elevated blood pressure.
c. dilation of the blood vessels.
d. muscle tension.
d. muscle tension.
What does research suggest about the effect of pheromones on the behaviour of men and women?
a. Pheromones increase the frequency of masturbation for both men and women.
b. Pheromones stimulate men’s sexual behavior.
c. Pheromones enhance men’s sexual attractiveness to their partners.
d. Pheromones affect sexual receptiveness but not moods.
c. Pheromones enhance men’s sexual attractiveness to their partners.
Rapid ejaculation is classified as a(n)
a. orgasmic disorder.
b. nervous response disorder.
c. arousal disorder.
d. desire disorder.
a. orgasmic disorder.
Claire assigns her sex therapy clients Michelle and Shamin to daily homework in which they try sensate focus exercises. Claire’s approach reflects the
a. biopsychosocial approach.
b. Masters and Johnson approach.
c. PLISSIT model.
d. psychoanalytic approach.
b. Masters and Johnson approach.
Which of the following statements about sexual orientation is false?
a. While some people are exclusively gay or lesbian, and some are exclusively heterosexual, some fall in between.
b. Some gay and lesbian people engage in sex with members of the opposite sex.
c. A person who has sexual experiences with people of his or her own sex cannot, by definition, be heterosexual.
d. In the past it was common for gay and lesbian people to be in heterosexual marriages.
c. A person who has sexual experiences with people of his or her own sex cannot, by definition, be heterosexual.
According to Michael Storms, a person who is high in both heteroeroticism and homoeroticism may exhibit a
a. heterosexual orientation.
b. homosexual orientation but choose to participate in heterosexual activities.
c. predominantly homosexual orientation.
d. bisexual orientation.
d. bisexual orientation
Engaging in sexual activity with members of the same sex
a. does not mean an individual is a gay male or lesbian.
b. is indicative of gender dysphoria.
c. indicates a same-gender sexual orientation that is fixed.
d. will eventually alter sexual orientation.
a. does not mean an individual is a gay male or lesbian.
Vernon is attracted to other people based upon their underlying personalities, regardless of their anatomical sex or gender identity. This is an example of
a. pansexuality.
b. heteroeroticism.
c. homoeroticism.
d. hypersexuality.
a. pansexuality.
Research suggests that the more formal education a person has, the more likely he or she
a. is to masturbate less frequently than people with less education.
b. is to masturbate more frequently than people with less education.
c. is aware of the psychological ramifications of masturbating too frequently.
d. is knowledgeable about a variety of masturbatory techniques.
b. is to masturbate more frequently than people with less education.
Which of the following intercourse positions is also known as the missionary position?
a. Rear entry
b. Lateral entry
c. Male superior
d. Female superior
c. Male superior
Enzio is a homosexual male who does not want to engage in anal sex, but fears that potential sex partners expect that he will perform or receive anal sex. According to research on sexual behaviour among gay and bisexual men, what would you tell Enzio?
a. Not all non-heterosexual men desire or engage in anal sex.
b. Most male sex partners practise only mutual masturbation.
c. Anal sex is the most frequent sexual behaviour among gay men.
d. Sexual satisfaction is dependent upon the frequency of anal sex.
a. Not all non-heterosexual men desire or engage in anal sex.
Research finds that most people consider sexual fantasies to be
a. normal.
b. abnormal.
c. something to feel guilty about.
d. a contributing factor to infidelity.
a. normal.
From a statistical perspective, a behaviour is abnormal if it
a. deviates from the norm.
b. is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
c. correlates with pathological outcomes.
d. causes harm to the self or others.
a. deviates from the norm.
John Money theorized that every individual has a mental template of an ideal lover and the types of stimuli that are sexually arousing. Formed in childhood, this template is called a
a. sexual script.
b. sexual schema.
c. lovemap.
d. lustmap.
c. lovemap.
Which of the following is not a term utilized in the textbook to describe a psychological disorder in which a person is unable to control an excessively frequent sexual behaviour?
a. Sexual addiction
b. Hypersexuality
c. Compulsive sexual behaviour
d. Hyperphilia
d. Hyperphilia
Based on the information provided, which of the following individuals is most likely to be diagnosed with a paraphilia?
a. John, who can only become sexually aroused if he is watching other people (who don’t know he is watching) having sex.
b. Damon, who was arrested for distributing child pornography and sometimes watches videotapes of young children engaged in sexual acts because he thinks it’s funny.
c. Traci, who frequently fantasizes about spanking her partner.
d. Julio, who sometimes likes to wear his partner’s panties and bra when they have sex.
a. John, who can only become sexually aroused if he is watching other people (who don’t know he is watching) having sex.
Exhibitionists typically have
a. a developmental disability.
b. difficulty relating to women.
c. an extroverted personality type.
d. little difficulty establishing meaningful relationships.
b. difficulty relating to women.
Which of the following statements about sado-masochism is false?
a. It is the submissive partner who uses a safe word when his or her limit has been exceeded.
b. There is no evidence that sado-masochists have greater difficulty than other people in forming intimate relationships.
c. For some sado-masochists arousal is derived from the ritual of control rather than the infliction of physical pain.
d. Research indicates that most sado-masochists have diverse forms of mental illness.
d. Research indicates that most sado-masochists have diverse forms of mental illness.
The basic blueprint of the human embryo is
a. male.
b. neither male nor female.
c. female.
d. both male and female.
c. female.
Gwen was born with XX chromosomes and identifies as female. This exemplifies the experience of someone who is
a. intersexed.
b. transgender.
c. cisgender.
d. androgynous.
c. cisgender.
Which one of the following exemplifies Dominican Republic syndrome?
a. An infant initially resembled a female at birth, but developed physical male characteristics after puberty.
b. A genetic male is born with feminine external genitals but lacks developed internal reproductive organs.
c. An XX child is born with feminine internal reproductive organs but masculinized external genitalia.
d. An individual is born with both male and female internal reproductive organs but without any external genitals.
a. An infant initially resembled a female at birth, but developed physical male characteristics after puberty.
The prejudgment that a person will possess certain traits because of their gender is called
a. gender typing.
b. sexism.
c. gender role assignment.
d. gender misconception.
b. sexism.
Cognitive-developmental theory entails a concept of
a. gender availability, gender stability, and gender identity.
b. gender constancy, gender stability, and gender identity.
c. gender constancy, gender flexibility, and gender identity.
d. gender constancy, gender comprehension, and gender identity.
b. gender constancy, gender stability, and gender identity.
The model of psychological androgyny has been criticized by some feminist writers because it
a. stereotypes masculine and feminine sex roles.
b. perpetuates masculine and feminine gender roles.
c. excludes the concept of bisexuality.
d. does not address gender inequity issues.
b. perpetuates masculine and feminine gender roles.
“Habitual” johns use prostitutes
a. as their major or exclusive sexual outlet.
b. because they desire novelty or sexual variety.
c. to satisfy specific fetishes.
d. because they lack social skills.
a. as their major or exclusive sexual outlet.
Today, the brothel has largely been replaced by
a. cat houses.
b. streetwalkers.
c. massage parlours.
d. bar prostitutes.
c. massage parlours
Sexually explicit material that offends community standards is
a. an obscenity.
b. pornographic.
c. erotica.
d. hard-core SEM.
a. an obscenity.
A variety of research on exposure of men to violent pornography has concluded that
a. exposure to violent pornography does not lead to any attitudinal changes.
b. exposure to violent pornography leads men to become more accepting of sexual assault myths.
c. exposure to violence, not necessarily pornography, reinforces negative attitudes towards women.
d. exposure to violent pornography actually decreased arousal among men.
c. exposure to violence, not necessarily pornography, reinforces negative attitudes towards women.
A key component of the treatment process for sexual assault survivors is to help the survivor
a. mobilize support.
b. remember the details of the event.
c. forgive the assailant.
d. report the sexual assault to police.
a. mobilize support.
In stranger sexual assault, it is typical for an assailant to
a. choose a victim and then carefully plan the sexual assault.
b. choose a victim impulsively and immediately commit the sexual assault.
c. invite a woman on a date and then force sex.
d. target prepubescent children.
a. choose a victim and then carefully plan the sexual assault.
Research has shown that if attacked, pleading, begging, or attempting to reason with the assailant
a. is an effective strategy for preventing sexual assault.
b. can be effective in some situations.
c. will not stop the sexual assault but will lessen the chance of serious injury.
d. will buy enough time for a passerby to intervene or call the police.
b. can be effective in some situations.
Sexual harassment generally involves all of the following, except
a. abuse of power.
b. sexual desire.
c. social control.
d. hostility towards women.
b. sexual desire.
One of the less common forms of sexual harassment is
a. staring.
b. making sexual jokes.
c. making threats.
d. making comments about women
c. making threats.
Glen woke up this morning with a skin rash consisting of painless, red bumps over most of his body. He is running a slight temperature. At first he thought it was simply the flu, but then he remembered that he had seen a spot similar to those on his body but larger on his penis several months earlier. Glen’s symptoms would be characteristic of _______ stage syphilis.
a. secondary
b. primary
c. latency
d. tertiary
a. secondary
Of the reportable bacterial STIs in Canada, the most common one is
a. syphilis.
b. HIV.
c. gonorrhea.
d. chlamydia.
d. chlamydia.
Paul has tested positive for the herpes simplex virus, type 2. What is the treatment?
a. Abstinence until the virus resolves on its own.
b. Cure the infection with prescription antibiotics.
c. Symptom management with antiviral drugs.
d. Eliminate lesions with topical boric acid.
c. Symptom management with antiviral drugs.
Canadian researchers have found that HAART
a. reduces the risk of HIV transmission.
b. increases the risk of HIV transmission for men who have sex with men.
c. has no effect on HIV transmission.
d. increases the risk of HIV transmission for people who have other STIs.
a. reduces the risk of HIV transmission.
Female-to-male HIV transmission through vaginal intercourse is _________ compared to male-to-female transmission through vaginal intercourse.
a. equally likely
b. less likely
c. slightly more likely
d. much more likely
b. less likely
At school, Charlene has learned about biological, social, and personal aspects of sexuality. This means that she is likely to
a. be sexually active much earlier than her peers.
b. contract a sexually transmitted infection.
c. become pregnant before she reaches adulthood.
d. use condoms when she becomes sexually active.
d. use condoms when she becomes sexually active.
The least common topic of sexual health education for teenagers is
a. birth control options.
b. sexual pleasure.
c. healthy relationships.
d. sexual orientation.
b. sexual pleasure.
Sexual health education is particularly important for students with disabilities in order to
a. prevent them from becoming sexually active.
b. reduce the risk of experiencing sexual abuse.
c. ensuring adherence to abstinence-only rules.
d. make them feel included with other students.
b. reduce the risk of experiencing sexual abuse.
Conversations about sex between children and their parents should
a. provide directives for acceptable behaviour.
b. happen in one long and detailed session.
c. occur across multiple short talks.
d. focus on expected future choices.
c. occur across multiple short talks.
Regina is a student who is being taught to avoid sexual activity until marriage, and has not learned about ways to engage in low-risk sexual activity. The sexual health education she is receiving is a(n) _______ program.
a. religiously grounded
b. broadly based
c. abstinence-only
d. fundamentalist
c. abstinence-only
A relationship that has both passion and intimacy but lacks commitment is called
a. empty love.
b. romantic love.
c. fatuous love.
d. consummate love.
b. romantic love.
When we are more pleasant and helpful with others who seem to be similar to ourselves, we exhibit
a. reciprocity.
b. propinquity.
c. compatibility.
d. selectivity.
a. reciprocity.
Evolutionary psychologists believe that age and health may be more important to a woman’s appeal because they are associated with
a. the ability to provide.
b. the ability to nurture.
c. reproductive capacity.
d. a more satisfying sex life.
c. reproductive capacity.
Klaus gives money to charities that provide food and clothing for underprivileged children, even though he receives nothing in return for his donations. His actions best represent the concept of
a. agape.
b. storge.
c. philia.
d. eros.
a. agape.
What does HAART (Highly active antiretroviral therapy) do?
Decreases the likelihood that HIV will develop resistance to treatment. After a year of HAART treatment, over 80% of people with HIV have no detectable virus in their bloodstreams.
Define: Agape
Selfless love. This kind of love is similar to generosity and charity.
DEFINE: Storage
Loving attachment and nonsexual affection. This is the type of emotion that binds parents to children.
Define: Philia
Love between friends. This kind of love is based on liking and respect rather than sexual desire.
Define: Eros
The kind of love that’s closest to our modern-day concept of passion.
Define: Priapism
Persistent and painful erection of the penis.
Define: Sado-Masochism (S&M)
A mutually gratifying sexual interaction between consenting partners, in which sexual arousal is associated with inflicting and receiving pain or humiliation.
Define: Paraphilia
Sexual interest and arousal in response to unusual stimuli such as children, other non consenting persons, non-human objects, or pain and humiliation. Mutually consenting and unharmful paraphilic behaviours are often referred to as kinky.
Which province removed sexual health education from its formal curriculum in 2005?
a) Quebec
b) British Columbia
c) Ontario
d) New Brunswick
a) Quebec
Which of the following is not one of the ten key ingredients of effective sexual health education identified by the Sex Information and Education Council of Canada?
a) Giving teachers training and administrative support
b) Including a focus on student’s social environments.
c) Bringing in guest speakers
d) Evaluating to identify program strengths and weaknesses
c) Bringing in guest speakers
When surveyed, Canadian teens indicated that their most valuable sources of information about sexuality were:
a) schools and parents
b) Parents and the internet
c) The internet and friends
d) Friends and television
a) schools and parents
The Canadian Guidelines for Sexual Health Education are based on a theoretical model called the:
a) social-cognitive model
b) Trans-theoretical model
c) IMB model
d) Health-belief model
c) IMB model
Canadian studies have found that:
a) Youth want sexual-health education taught in school, but parents don’t.
b) Parents want sexual-health education taught in school but youth don’t.
c) Both parents and youth want sexual-health education taught in school
d) Neither parents nor youth want sexual-health education taught in school
c) Both parents and youth want sexual-health
According to the text, the government of which country provides large amounts of funding for abstinence-only sex education?
a) Sweden
b) United States
c) Canada
d) China
b) United States
According to the results of the Toronto Teen Survey, when teens were asked what topics they wanted to learn more about the most common response was:
a) Healthy Relationships
b) STIs
c) Sexual abuse/assault
d) Communication about sex
a) Healthy Relationships
According to the available research, which of the following statements about sexual health education is false?
a) Most evaluated abstinence only programs have resulted in delayed first intercourse.
b) Most evaluated sexual health education programs don’t result in earlier or more frequent sexual activity.
c) Sexual health education can result in more frequent condom use among sexually active youth
d) None of the above
a) Most evaluated abstinence only programs have resulted in delayed first intercourse.
According to the Shaughnessey et al (2011) study, what percentage of male and female university students had visited an educational website on sexuality in the previous month?
a) 56.3%, 47.1%
b) 38.9%, 22.6%
c) 17.6%, 31.2 %
d) 8.7%, 19.4%
c) 17.6%, 31.2 %
In a study of Canadian medical school training, the topic that programs were least likely to place emphasis on was:
a) Childhood sexuality
b) Prevention of STIs
c) Sexuality and disability
d) Sexual violence/ assault
a) Childhood sexuality
Many Canadian university students are unaware of HPV, which causes:
a) Genital herpes
b) Hepatitis B
c) Genital Warts
d) Molluscum contagiosum
c) Genital Warts
As many as ___ of men and ____ of women with chlamydia have no symptoms.
a) 90%, 70%
b) 75%, 50%
c) 35%, 10%
d) 25%, 70%
a) 90%, 70%
Untreated chlamydia can lead to ______ in women.
a) Yeast infections
b) Wasting syndrome
c) Cervical cancer
d) Pelvic inflammatory disease
d) Pelvic inflammatory disease
The vaccine Gardasil immunizes against:
a) Herpes
b) Hepatitis B
c) HIV
d) HPV
d) HPV
According to the Canadian health measures survey, what percentage of Canadians aged 14 to 59 have HSV-2?
a) 6.1%
b) 13.6%
c) 21.3 %
d) 31.3%
b) 13.6%
HIV directly attacks the immune system by destroying:
a) pathogenic cells
b) CD4 cells
c) Red Blood cells
d) Platelets
b) CD4 cells
All of the following have been shown to transmit HIV infection except:
a) Artificial insemination with infected semen
b) Kissing
c) Breastfeeding
d) Unprotected sexual intercourse
b) Kissing
The current standard of treatment for HIV/AIDS, known as ________, consists of a mixture of antiretroviral drugs and protease inhibitors.
a) ELISA
b) AIDSBS
c) HAART
d) LSMFT
c) HAART
Which of the following is a social factor in the spread of STIs?
a) Socio-economic status
b) Lack of vaccines
c) Perceived low risk of infection
d) the fact that many STIs are asymptomatic
a) Socio-economic status
Which of the following is not considered an effective prevention strategy for reducing your risk of STIs and HIV?
a) Going with your partner to a clinic so you can both be tested for STIs and HIV
b) Using birth-control pills
c) Engaging in mutual masturbation instead of vaginal or anal intercourse
d) Using Latex condoms
b) Using birth-control pills
According to a 2009 study of Canadian women of reproductive age the most commonly used method of contraception was the:
a) IUD
b) Rhythm method
c) Oral contraceptive pill
d) Male condom
d) Male condom
Which of the following is the most effective method of birth control?
a) Withdrawal
b) Oral contraceptives
c) The rhythm method
d) The cervical cap
b) Oral contraceptives
Which of the following methods of birth control has the most side effects?
a) The IUD
b) The male condom
c) The diaphragm
d) The minilaparotomy
a) The IUD
All of the following are potential side effects of birth-control pills except:
a) Nausea and vomiting
b) Low blood pressure
c) Fluid retention
d) Weight gain
b) Low blood pressure
In Canada, emergency contraception (morning after pill):
a) is illegal
b) Is available without a prescription
c) Contains higher levels of testosterone than the pills available in Europe
d) Is available only to victims of sexual assault
b) Is available without a prescription
Research has found that nonoxynol-9 _______ a woman’s susceptibility to HIV infection.
a) has no measurable effect on
b) has mixed effects on
c) Increases
d) decreases
c) Increases
Rhythm methods rely on:
a) Fertility awareness
b) Hormonal preparations
c) Barriers
d) Spermicides
a) Fertility awareness
It is estimated that about ___ of Canadian women have at least one abortion in their lifetimes.
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 30%
d) 40%
c) 30%
There has been no federal law restricting abortion in Canada since the Supreme Court ruling of:
a) 1965
b) 1977
c) 1988
d) 2004
c) 1988
The safest, most common method of abortion is:
a) Dilation and evacuation (D&E)
b) Intra-amniotic infusion
c) Dilation and curettage (D&C)
d) Vacuum aspiration
d) Vacuum aspiration
A sexual assault that wounds, maims, or disfigures the victim would be categorized as ______ under the Criminal Code of Canada.
a) Level 1
b) Level 2
c) Level 3
d) Level 4
c) Level 3
Sexual assaults are most often committed by:
a) Strangers
b) Family members
c) Gangs
d) Acquaintances
d) Acquaintances
According to the general Social Survey, a person is most likely to be sexually assaulted at age:
a) 15-24
b) 25-34
c) 35-44
d) 45-54
a) 15-24
Which of the following is not a myth that encourages sexual assault?
a) In general, women like men to be aggressive, even forceful, when it comes to sex.
b) When women dress in revealing clothing, they’re asking to be sexually assaulted.
c) Women who say no to sex really mean no.
d) women say no to sex when they really mean yes.
c) Women who say no to sex really mean no.
Which of the following is not a suggestion about what to do if you’re sexually assaulted?
a) Don’t wash, change your clothes, or comb your hair
b) Seek medical help, and make sure any injuries are documented.
c) Think about reporting the assault to the police
d) Don’t talk to anyone about the assault.
d) Don’t talk to anyone about the assault.
Rohypnol is used as a date-rape drug because it:
a) Impair memory
b) Enhances sexual response
c) Multiplies the effects of testosterone
d) Encourages women to recall consensual sex as assaults.
a) Impair memory
Which of the following statements about pedophilia is false?
a) Many pedophiles have personality disorders.
b) With proper treatment, it’s likely that a sexual preference for children can be changed.
c) Many pedophiles believe sex with a child isn’t harmful
d) Researchers have found brain differences that are likely prenatal between pedophiles and other men.
b) With proper treatment, it’s likely that a sexual preference for children can be changed.
The most common type of child sexual abuse is:
a) Genital fondling
b) Vaginal Intercourse
c) Oral Sex
d) Exhibitionism
a) Genital fondling
The most common type of incest is:
a) Father-daughter incest
b) Stepfather-stepdaughter incest
c) Brother-sister incest
d) Mother-son incest
c) Brother-sister incest
According to Wright and Bonita (2012), what percentage of students report that they have experiences at least one incident of sexual harassment in college?
a) 5-10%
b) 15-20%
c) 25-30%
d) 35-40%
c) 25-30%
The main feature of Bill C-36, making the selling of sex legal but the buying of sex illegal in Canada reflects what is known as the ______ Model adopted in several other countries.
a) Caribbean
b) South American
c) Nordic
d) Commonwealth
c) Nordic
Among sex workers, _______ have the lowest status and earn the lowest wages.
a) Street-based workers
b) Brothel Workers
c) call girls
d) Massage-parlour workers
a) Street-based workers
The majority of studies on sex workers have focused on __________.
a) street-based workers
b) brothel workers
c) call girls
d) Massage-parlour workers
a) street-based workers
All of the following are important factors in the backgrounds of many young sex workers except:
a) Poverty
b) Sexual addiction
c) Physical abuse
d) Sexual abuse
b) Sexual addiction
Shaver, Lewis, and Maticka-Tyndale propose an approach to sex work that emphasizes:
a) Penalizing johns rather than sex workers for acts of prostitution.
b) Increasing the legal penalties for sex work
c) Financial incentives for sex workers to seek other types of employment
d) Harm reduction and labour rights.
d) Harm reduction and labour rights.
Men who engage in sex work with male customers are commonly known as:
a) Pimps
b) Gigolos
c) Hustlers
d) Johns
c) Hustlers
A photograph or video is considered hard-core SEM if it contains:
a) Hints or suggestions of sexual acts
b) Explicit depictions of sexual acts
c) Stylized nude photos
d) Non-consensual sexual behaviour
b) Explicit depictions of sexual acts
The work of Tristan Taormino reflects which of the following perspectives on pornography?
a) The conservative position
b) The liberal position
c) The anti-pornography feminist approach
d) The pro-pornogrpahy feminist approach
d) The pro-pornogrpahy feminist approach
Most research on the effects of exposure to sexually explicit materials has focused on:
a) Violence
b) Orgasm
c) Relationship enhancement
d) Sexual orientation
a) Violence
Which of the following groups was not included in the study that contained the educational intervention to reduce the potential negative effects of pornography?
a) A group that viewed violent pornography and received an educational intervention
b) A group that viewed nonviolent pornography and received a fake intervention
c) A group that viewed nonviolent pornography and received an educational intervention
d) A group that neither viewed pornography nor received an educational intervention
c) A group that viewed nonviolent pornography and received an educational intervention
Which of the following is not used to distinguish normal from abnormal sexual behaviour?
a) Statistical norms
b) Pain thresholds
c) Social Norms
d) Personal distress and anxiety
b) Pain thresholds
Which of the following are most likely to need to risk capture, to heighten their sexual arousal?
a) Sado-Masochists
b) Coprophiliacs
c) Exhibitionists
d) Mashers
c) Exhibitionists
People who become sexually aroused by experiencing pain inflicted by their sexual partners are
a) Partialists
b) Sexual Masochists
c) Sexual sadists
d) Toucherists
b) Sexual Masochists
A man who dresses in women’s clothing for the purposed of sexual gratification is labelled as a:
a) Transsexual
b) Partialist
c) Frotteur
d) Transvestite
d) Transvestite
All paraphilias:
a) Pose physical threats to the victims
b) Are evidence that the perpetrators are out of touch with reality
c) Are more common among males than females
d) Can be treated with psychoanalysis
c) Are more common among males than females
Hypoxyphilia is related to:
a) Sexual sadism
b) Sexual masochism
c) Fetishism
d) Zoophilia
b) Sexual masochism
People who are excessively aroused by particular body parts, such as the feet, breasts, or buttocks, are said to exhibit:
a) Partialism
b) Frotteurism
c) Voyeurism
d) Transvestism
a) Partialism
Which of the following is included as a distinct paraphilic disorder in the DSM-5?
a) Hypersexuality
b) sexual addiction
c) Compulsive sexual behaviour
d) none of the above
d) none of the above
Which approach to the treatment of paraphilia uses social-skills training and systematic desensitization?
a) Psychoanalysis
b) Antiandrogen Therapy
c) Cognitive- behaviour therapy
d) Antidepressant therapy
c) Cognitive- behaviour therapy
The image of an ideal lover and of the types of activities a person finds arousing that forms in the brain during childhood is known as a :
a) Sexual script
b) lovemap
c) gender stereotype
d) fantasy
b) lovemap
The process by which males and females develop distinct sexual anatomies is known as:
a) Sexualization
b) Homologous development
c) Sexual differentiation
d) The Mullerian stage
c) Sexual differentiation
During the first six weeks or so of prenatal development, embryonic structures of both genders develop along similar lines, resembling primitive:
a) male structures
b) female structures
c) Both male and female structures
d) neither male nor female structures
b) female structures
In their research with fa’afafine of Samoa, Paul Vasey and Nancy Bartlett found evidence that:
a) The fa’afafine tended to be victims of “sissyphobia”
b) The fa’afafine are similar in sexual preference to lesbians
c) The expression of male-typical behaviours among the fa’afafine sets them apart from other gay men on the island
d) The expression of female typical behaviours in childhood did not provoke distress in Samoan fa’afafine.
d) The expression of female typical behaviours in childhood did not provoke distress in Samoan fa’afafine.
Trans refers to:
a) People whose gender identity, expression, or behaviour is different from those typically assigned at birth.
b) people who transition from one sexual orientation to another after puberty
c) People whose gender identity, expression or behaviour is the same as people who are cisgender
d) People whose gender identity is different from their assigned sex but who do not wish to make a full medical transition to a transsexual status.
a) People whose gender identity, expression, or behaviour is different from those typically assigned at birth.
The World Professional Association for Transgender Health states that treatments are designed to change gender identity or expression are:
a) Acceptable only for children under 5 exhibiting gender dysphoria
b) No longer considered ethical
c) Considered ethical if both parents of a gender dysphoric child under age of 16 consent
d) Now considered ethical
b) No longer considered ethical
A Dutch study found that after gender reassignment surgery, most people:
a) Regret their decision
b) Function well sexually, psychologically, and socially
c) Develop psychological disorders they showed no evidence of before
d) Discontinue hormone treatments
b) Function well sexually, psychologically, and socially
According to Kohlberg, gender ______ develops last.
a) Stability
b) Identity
c) Exclusivity
d) Constancy
d) Constancy
Social-cognitive theorists explain the development of gender-typed behaviour in terms of processes such as:
a) Identification and resolution of the Oedipus complex
b) Evolutionary adaptation and selective imaging
c) Observational learning and socialization
d) Gender schema internalization and genetic programming.
c) Observational learning and socialization
Teasing or belittling a woman because she studies engineering is an example of:
a) Gender typing
b) Sexism
c) Gender reassignment
d) Homophobia
b) Sexism
Research suggests that gender differences in sexual attitudes and behaviours:
a) Are uniformly large
b) do not exist
c) Appear, in many cases to be getting larger
d) Appear, in many cases, to be getting smaller
d) Appear, in many cases, to be getting smaller
Sexual orientation is:
a) The gender identity of a person who feels trapped in the body of the other sex
b) The constellation of biological and environmental factors that contribute to the development of a gay, lesbian, or bisexual identity
c) Sexual behaviour with people of the same gender
d) Erotic attraction toward members of the same gender, another gender, or both
d) Erotic attraction toward members of the same gender, another gender, or both
According to the studies conducted by Reginald Bibby, the percentage of Canadians who believed that homosexuality is “always wrong” was ______ in 1975 and _______ in 2000:
a) 78%, 53%
b) 63%, 32%
c) 35%, 23%
d) 51%, 47%
b) 63%, 32%
According to an Egale Canada survey, what percentage of LGBTQ youth reported that they felt unsafe at school?
a) 34%
b) 44%
c) 54%
d) 64%
d) 64%
Psychologist Michael Storms suggests that:
a) Heterosexuality and homosexuality are at opposite ends of a continuum of sexual orientation
b) Asexuality and bisexuality are both low in heteroeroticism
c) Homosexuality and heterosexuality are separate and independent dimensions
d) Bisexual individuals are at the midpoint of a continuum between heterosexuality and homosexuality
c) Homosexuality and heterosexuality are separate and independent dimensions
Bell and Weinberg found that gay couples’ adjustment was related to:
a) The level of stability and intimacy in their relationships
b) The ability of one partner to take on decision-making authority
c) Their frequency of sexual activity
d) Their acceptance of multiple sexual partnerships
a) The level of stability and intimacy in their relationships
A 2010 poll of Canadians found that ________ approved of same-sex couples retaining the right to marry.
a) 21%
b) 41%
c) 61%
d) 81%
c) 61%
According to Savin-Williams and Diamond, the first step in the development of sexual identity among gay and lesbian people is:
a) Sexual contact with members of the same gender
b) Attraction to members of the same gender
c) Self-labelling as gay or lesbian
d) Disclosure to other people
b) Attraction to members of the same gender
The cluster of negative attitudes toward gay, lesbian, and bisexual people that includes intolerance, hatred, and fear is referred to as:
Homophobia
________ are most likely to share a gay sexual orientation.
a) Monozygotic twins
b) Dizygotic twins
c) Parents and their biological children
d) Adoptive parents and their adopted children
a) Monozygotic twins
In comparing homosexual and heterosexual couples, doug VanderLaan and Paul Vasey found that ____ were most likely to be concerned about their partners’ economic status.
a) Heterosexual women
b) gay men
c) lesbians
d) heterosexual men
a) Heterosexual women
According to research by Wentland and Muise, which one of the following is an acceptable way to ask a person for a date?
a) A text message
b) MSM
c) A phone call
d) Facebook
c) A phone call
Small talk:
a) Is a phoney way to begin a relationship
b) Stresses breadth of topic coverage
c) promotes premature self-disclosure
d) Is an in-depth discussion of topics of mutual interest
b) Stresses breadth of topic coverage
All of the following encourage the continuation of relationships except:
a) Maintaining Interest
b) Evidence of caring
c) Mutual satisfaction
d) Jealousy
d) Jealousy
According to research by Finkel and colleagues, during the period 2000-2010 ______ of Americans met their relationship partners online.
a) 65-70%
b) 45-60%
c) 35-40%
d) 20-25%
d) 20-25%
Research shows that men are more upset by _____ infidelity and women are more upset by ________ infidelity.
a) sexual/ emotional
b) emotional/ sexual
c) sexual/ sexual
d) emotional/ emotional
a) sexual/ emotional
A study of 5000 people who responded to an Internet survey found that after a relationship breakup, emotionally secure people were more likely to:
a) Seek support from friends and family
b) Be preoccupied with their lost partners
c) Attempt to re-establish the relationships
d) Console themselves by drinking alcohol
a) Seek support from friends and family
According to MacNeil and Byers, couples who disclose more about their sexual likes and dislikes report:
a) lower levels of sexual satisfaction
b) Higher levels of sexual satisfaction
c) The same levels of sexual satisfaction as couples who disclose less
d) Disclosing more about their sex lives to their friends
b) Higher levels of sexual satisfaction
Which of the following is NOT an irrational belief about communication?
a) Men should have a natural expertise at sex
b) People should know what their partners want sexually without having to ask
c) Good communication can enhance all aspects of a relationship
d) It’s unladylike for women to talk about their sexual needs and feelings
c) Good communication can enhance all aspects of a relationship
Kurdek found that lesbian and gay couples tend to differ from heterosexual couples in that they:
a) distribute household chores more evenly
b) Avoid conflict at all costs
c) Do not consider sexual activity per se to be an important aspect of their relationship
d) Believe that love conquers all and that it is not necessary to work on relationships
a) distribute household chores more evenly
Which of the following is accurate about self-disclosure?
a) Females tend to set higher privacy setting than males do on social networking sites
b) Men are more likely to self-disclose than are women
c) Couples should disclose their sexual histories to promote intimacy
d) Self-disclosure is the same online and offline
a) Females tend to set higher privacy setting than males do on social networking sites
The female external sex organs are called the:
a) Uterus
b) Ovaries
c) Vulva
d) Cervix
c) Vulva
The only organ whose sole function is to provide sexual pleasure is the:
a) Penis
b) Clitoris
c) Vagina
d) Mons
b) Clitoris
Which of the following is not a recommended way to prevent vaginitis?
a) Wearing pants that fit loosely in the crotch
b) Wearing nylon underwear
c) Washing the vulva with a mild soap
d) Avoiding foods high in sugar and refined carbohydrates
b) Wearing nylon underwear
The two pituitary hormones involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle are:
a) GnRH and oestrogen
b) Oxytocin and prolactin
c) FSH and LH
d) LH and testosterone
c) FSH and LH
During menopause, lower levels of ______ may cause hot flashes and other physical symptoms.
a) Prolactin
b) Oxytocin
c) Androgen
d) Oestrogen
d) Oestrogen
The penis contains:
a) Bone
b) Muscle
c) Spongy material
d) All of the above
c) Spongy material
Sperm cells are carried out of the testicles through the:
a) Seminiferous tubules
b) Dartos muscles
c) Vas deferentia
d) Cremasteric tubes
c) Vas deferentia
Surgical removal of the foreskin is known as:
a) Excision
b) Infibulation
c) Incision
d) Circumcision
d) Circumcision
The purpose of testicular self-examination is to detect ______ in its early stages.
a) AIDS
b) Infertility
c) Cancer
d) Erectile dysfunction
c) Cancer
_______ is the most common form of cancer among Canadian men.
a) Prostate cancer
b) Testicular cancer
c) Penile cancer
d) Inguinal cancer
a) Prostate cancer
