Final Exam

Question 1

What is “absolutism”?

Answer 1

Power is decentralized and defused

Question 2

When did John Locke say it was OK to revolt against the government?

Answer 2

When the government is acting against the common interest

Question 3

When was Great Britain created?

Answer 3

May 1, 1707

Question 4

What was the name for the Seven Years’ War in North America?

Answer 4

French and Indian War

Question 5

What are “realism” and “nominalism”?

Answer 5

Nominalism separates faith and reason
Experience
Pessimistic

Question 6

What was the “Magisterial Reformation”?

Answer 6

Master denominations

Calvinism, Lutheran, Church of England (Anglican)

Question 7

Who presided over the settlement that led to the Church of England, in the 16th c.?

Answer 7

Elizabeth I

Question 8

What and when was the Valladolid Controversy? Why is it significant?

Answer 8

Talked about what to do with the Native Americans

1550-51

Question 9

What was the “Columbian Exchange” about?

Answer 9

Exchange of ideas and products between the new and old world

Question 10

What was the “Civil Constitution of the Clergy”?

Answer 10

Law passed July 12, 1790 during the French Revolution

Subordinated the catholic church to the French government

Question 11

Who was Edmund Burke?

Answer 11

Member of British Parliament- Leader of Whig Party

Against French Revolution; founder of modern conservatism

Question 12

When did Spain send its Armada against England?

Answer 12

July 21, 1588; England won

Question 13

What ended the Thirty Years’ War?

Answer 13

Treaty of Westphalia; Protestant vs Catholic

Question 14

Who commissioned the KJV?

Answer 14

King James I

Question 15

Why was Charles I executed?

Answer 15

Lost the English Civil war and then fled to Scotland, where he was betrayed by the Presbyterians

Question 16

What methods did Louis XIV use to control France?

Answer 16

Absolutism

Kept aristocrats close; his minsters looked after things

Question 17

What sorts of discoveries especially drove the Scientific Revolution?

Answer 17

Heliocentric, gravity, microscope; experimentation, measurement, and not relying on authority

Question 18

What is a deist, and what is a philosophe? Name some of each.

Answer 18

Someone who believes in a higher power, but they are not involved (the clock)
People
Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin
Philosophe 
Rational 18th century thinkers
Not original thinkers
People
Voltaire, Diderot, Rosseau,

Question 19

What were the consequences of World War I?

Answer 19

German reparations

Economies crashed, led to World War II and Hitler gaining power

Question 20

When did the Berlin Wall fall?

Answer 20

Nov 9, 1989

Question 21

What was British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher’s attitude towards the role of government?

Answer 21

Government should stay out

Question 22

How did Adam Smith think a healthy economy should be set up?

Answer 22

Market Economy
Laissez-Faire; the government should stay out and the people will do what is best for the good of the people
Opposite of socialism

Question 23

What effect did French participation in the American War of Independence have?

Answer 23

Drove French economy; part of the start of the revolution

Question 24

Was the French Revolution really a “revolution,” in terms of returning to a state that had existed earlier, or did it represent a sharp break with the past?

Answer 24

Sharp break with the past

Question 25

Name some legacies of the French Revolution.

Answer 25

``` Nationalism Socialism Equality Metric system Tri-colored flag Draft ```

Question 26

When did the French Revolution begin?

Answer 26

1789

Question 27

What was the “Revolt of the Vendée”?

Answer 27

Uprising in the Vendee portion of France

Question 28

Who finally defeated Napoleon, and when and where? Which Great Powers united to defeat him?

Answer 28

Duke of Wellington; June 1815, Waterloo, Prussians and Britain

Question 29

What French emperor was captured by the Prussians in 1871, at the end of the Franco-Prussian War?

Answer 29

Louis-Napoleon

Question 30

Who were the Boers?

Answer 30

Early settlers of the Transvaal and orange free state

Question 31

What was the Russian Duma?

Answer 31

Russian Assembly with advisory or legislative functions

Question 32

Why did Britain industrialize before the rest of Europe?

Answer 32

Had factors of production: land, labor, and capital; availability of coal, increased food production, colonial empire Surplus=increase civilization

Question 33

Which European Great Powers were responsible for World War I?

Answer 33

Serbia, Austria-Hungary

Question 34

What was a “gulag,” and what communist country used them?

Answer 34

Bureaucratic institution that managed the Soviet Union forced labor camps