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Sociology 100 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Sexual Orientation

A

Who you are attracted to

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2
Q

Sexual Behavior

A

Who you engage in sexual activity with

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3
Q

Sexual Identity

A

How you see yourself

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4
Q

Gender Binary

A

You are either one or the other

Male-body masculine or Female-body feminine

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5
Q

Why do people choose to follow the “rules” of gender?

A 
Habit
Pleasure
Status
Simplicity
Policing
Sexuality
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6
Q

Hegemonic Masculinity

A

The dominant form of masculinity in society (most powerful/valued/highest status)
Seen as ideal or viewed as high status
Socially constructed

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7
Q

Contrived Carelessness

A

Boys - Carefree attitude towards school, take pride in lack of effort
Girls - Direct considerable care in academic work

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8
Q

Gender and Intelligence

A 
Boys = naturally smart
Girls = have to work hard
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9
Q

Emphasized Femininity

A

Pressure to look attractive to define yourself and other females in terms and appearance
Women have to adapt to the fact that men have more power
Accept subordinate, supportive, dependent roles

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10
Q

Deviance

A

Negative violation of a norm, socially disapproved behavior/status/belief
Some deviance is trivial or informal

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11
Q

Crime

A

Deviant behavior that breaks a law

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12
Q

Functions of Deviance

A

1) Affirms values and norms
2) Clarifies moral boundaries
3) Brings people together
4) Encourages change

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13
Q

How does something become deviant?

A

1) Expectation - the established norm
2) Violation of the norm
3) Reaction to the violation

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14
Q

Absolutism

A

Human behavior falls into one of two categories:
1) Inherently good
2) Obviously improper, immoral, or evil
The attitude toward the person labeled deviant - different from ordinary

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15
Q

Problems with absolutism

A

How do you know something is absolutely wrong?
How do you know someone is deviant?
Often based on stereotypes, not reality

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16
Q

Relativism

A

Deviance is not inherent in any particular act, belief, or condition

17
Q

Context and Deviance

A

Examples of how change in location or environment can make an act deviant or normal

18
Q

Conscientious Resistance

A

Gendered behavior in school = compliance and resistance

19
Q

Primary Deviance

A

Temporary, trivial, or concealed deviant behavior - the person does not see himself as being deviant — Someone begins patterns of eating disorders but does not identify

20
Q

Secondary Deviance

A

Person continues deviant behavior after being caught and labeled - embraces the deviant label — person identifies as anorexic

21
Q

Role Engulfment

A

Individual identifies themselves through their deviant identity — gang members

22
Q

Tertiary deviance

A

Individual accepts the negative deviant label but changes the stigma associated with it to be viewed as positive

23
Q

Labeling theory

A

When an individual is successfully labeled as deviant - you become more deviant when you are labeled by someone in power

24
Q

Intersectionality

A 
We simultaneously have multiple identities (White, women)
We see the gap between boys and girls, we see that class has influence, but not on gender
25
Q

Strain Theory

A

Deviance increases when there is strain between culturally defined success and access to legitimate ways to achieve success

26
Q

Conformist

A

Follow the norms – go to class and study

27
Q

Innovator

A

Still want to do well but don’t try as hard – cheater

28
Q

Ritualist

A

People will do just enough to get by – just enough to pass

29
Q

Retreatist

A

Someone who doesn’t go to class or care about their grades

30
Q

Rebel

A

People don’t go to college for class – pro athlete

31
Q

Deterrence Theory

A

Looks at why people don’t commit crime

People engage in deviance if they do not fear punishment

32
Q

Emphasized femininity

A

pressure to look attractive to define self and other females in terms of appearance
men in general have more power and have more subordinate, supportive, and dependent roles

33
Q

Effective punishments of Deterrence

A

Swift - quick and applied immediately
Certain - fairly high likelihood of getting caught
Severe - strong enough that people care to avoid it

34
Q

Gender gap

A

Differences of grades, participation and activity in school, whether or not you care about school — Girls vs. Boys

35
Q

Lame

A

Smart “nerdy” group, not known for being “something”

36
Q

Rutter

A

Unpopular group

  • stemmed from a group or family that don’t take care of themselves physically
  • irritated with rich
37
Q

Contrived carelessness

A

Girls care about grades, but guys don’t

38
Q

Doing gender

A

Gender is based upon your actions

You are either feminine or masculine based upon your actions and mannerisms

Sociology 100 (1 decks)

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