Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Female Genital System and Disorders of the Breast > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

diseases of the vulva and vagina are most of ______ and ______ is uncommon

A
  • inflammatory

- malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

inflammation of the vulva causes by infection or traumatic injury

A

vulvitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what type of infection is vulvitis

A

fungal (candida albicans)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

scratching induced trauma is indicative of what condition

A

vulvitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

vaginitis is common/uncommon and is associated with leukorrhea

A

common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vaginal discharge of vaginitis

A

leukorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what type of infection is vaginitis?

A

variety of orgs, even commensal organisims

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

location of the most common cancers in women

A

cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

does cervicitis have a discharge?

A

yes

and it is common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cervicitis is seen in virtually every _____ woman

A

multiparous

*giving birth to more than one child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

4 factors that increase the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma of the cervix

A
  • early onset of coitus
  • multiple partners
  • a male partner who has had many female partners
  • persistant infection w high risk of HPV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

HPV is present in ______% of cervical neoplasia

A

85-90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

75-95% of cervical cancers present as _____

A

squamous cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

almost all invasive cervical carcinomas arise from precursur lesions called _____-

A

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)

typically asymptomatic
graded I-III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

two things that have drastically reduced cervical neoplasia

A
  • pap smear

- colposcopy (cervical examination)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

two most common complaints related to disorders of the uterus

A
  • pelvic pain

- abnormalities in menstrual funciton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

profuse or prolonged bleeding associated with uterus disorders

A

menorrhagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

irregular bleeding between periods associated with uterus disorders

A

metrorrhagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

unusually painful menstrual bleeding associated with uterus disorders

A

dysmenorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

presence of endometrial glands and/or stroma in locations other than the uterine lining

A

endometriosis

*most common site is the pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the cause of endometriosis?

A

unknown

*possible regurgitation theory (backflow of fallopian tubes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

hyperplasia of the epithelial lining of the uterus that is secondary to an EXCESS OF ESTROGEN

A

endometial hyperplasia

*often associated perimenopasal women who are obese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

endometrial hyperplasia is a for-runner to what more serious disease?

A

endometrial carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

benign tumors of smooth m

A

leiomyomas

*in the uterus they are FIBROIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

LEIOMYOMAS in the uterus

A

fibroids

26
Q

most common benign tumor in females

A

leiomyoma

27
Q

leiomyomas are considered _____ dependent due to their growth during pregnancies

A

estrogen

28
Q

is it rare to have multiple leiomyomas?

A

no

29
Q

cancer that arises from the uterine lining and is the most frequent cancer of the female genital tract in the western world

A

endometrial carcinoma

30
Q

in what two settings does endometrial carcinoma arise?

A
  • perimenopausal women w estrogen excess

- older women with endometrial atrophy

31
Q

what are the two most common early symptoms of endometrial carcinoma?

A
  • leukorrhea

- irregular bleeding

32
Q

endometrial carcinomas are considered treatable bc …?

A

they are late-metastasizing cancers

33
Q

are non-neoplastic cysts on the ovaries common?

A

yes and they are not harmful

*but polycystic ovarian disease is…

34
Q

common hormonal disorder with the prescence of MULTIPLE cystic follicles in ovaries

A

polycystic ovarian disease

35
Q

the cysts of polycystic ovarian disease cause what?

A
  • inc in size of ovaries

- excess production of androgens and estrogens

36
Q

women with polycystic ovarian disease are also at risk for what two things?

A
  • type II diabetes

- CVD

37
Q

____ is the most significant disease with carcinoma of the arteries accounting for more deaths than cancers of the cervix and endometrium combined

A

neoplasia

*5th leading cause of cancer deaths in women

38
Q

what are 90% of ovarian cancers?

A

surface epithelial

39
Q

what are the two most prominent risk factors for ovarian cancer?

A
  • nulliparity (not having borne children)
  • family history

*oral contraceptives appears to reduce the risk

40
Q

are ovarian cancers symptomatic?

A

no

not until they become large enough to cause local pressure symptoms

41
Q

the prognosis of ovarian tumors depends healvily on

A

STAGE

42
Q

tumors of the ovaries which develop from differentialtion of totipotential germ cells into mature tissues which represent all three germ layers

A

teratomas of the ovaries

43
Q

teratomas of the ovaries typically occur when?

A

in the first 2 decades of life for women

*earlier onset, better chance for malignancy

44
Q

90% of teratomas are _____

A

benign

45
Q

dermoid cysts are associated with what?

A

teratomas

46
Q

breast alterations that arise as an exaggeration and distortion of the cyclic breast changes taht occur normally in the menstrual cycle

A

fibrocystic changes

47
Q

fibrocystic changes occur when?

A

during reproductive life but could continue past menopause

*normally do not lead to cancer

48
Q

most common BENIGN tumor of the female breast

A

fibroadenoma

49
Q

when does fibroadenoma present itself?

A

pre-pubertal girls and young women with the peak in the third decade

50
Q

what are fibroadenomas composed of?

A

glandular epithelium and fibrous tissue

*freely movable nodule that needs to be biopsies

51
Q

carcinoma of the breast arises from where?

A

glandular and ductal structures

52
Q

of women with carcinoma of the breast, how many will die

A

one in four

53
Q

___% of breast cancers are thought to have inherited mutations

A

10

54
Q

are breast cancers more unilateral or bilateral?

A

bilateral

55
Q

what is the life-time risk of female breast cancer

A

1 in 8

56
Q

in carcinomas of the breast, tumor blockage of the lymphatics can result in thickend skin which resembles what?

A

the surface of an orange (peau d’ orange)

57
Q

what are the two classification of carcinoma of the breast?

A
  • ductal carcinoma
  • lobular carcinoma

*both have NON INVASIVE PRECURSOR STAGES

58
Q

resection of the breast mass

A

lumpectomy

59
Q

for breast cancer, the prognosis improves with what?

A

each passing year free of the disease

60
Q

what is the 10 year survival rate of breast carcinoma (cancer)

A

less than 50%

Female Genital System and Disorders of the Breast (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions