Final Exam Flashcards
What is a factorial design?
A design with 2 or more independent variables.
What does 3x2x4 mean?
There are 3 independent variables. IV1 has 3 levels, IV2 has 2 levels, and IV3 has 4 levels.
What does a mixed factorial design need?
A between-subject variable and a within-subject variable.
What does a person x situation factorial design include?
A manipulated IV (the situational factor) and a selected IV (the subject variable).
-A person x situation factorial design is least likely to also be a within-subject factorial design.
The overall effect of an IV on a DV
Main Effect
The effect of an IV on a DV differs, depending on the level of another IV
Interaction
Why use factorial designs?
More efficient, they capture real life’s complexity.
-Examine whether causal factors interact or have simple additive effects, how environmental variables affect different types of people, and examines moderator/mediator variables.
What makes an experiment a quasi experiment?
No control group and/or no independent variable.
Events that occur during the study that aren’t related to the study/part of the environment
History
Participants change naturally over time, independent of treatment/involvement in the study
Maturation
Measurements may affect participants’ responses when measured again
Testing
Changes occur in a measuring instrument during data collection
Instrumentation
When 2 variables aren’t perfectly correlated, more extreme scores on one variable will be associated with less extreme scores on the other variable
Statistical Regression to the Mean
What makes a control group design non-equivalent?
Participants aren’t randomly assigned, it’s based entirely on already existing groups.
What are the possible confounds for non-equivalent control group designs?
Selection x all other possible confounds (history, maturation, etc.)
A variable that provides a casual link between an IV and a DV
Mediator Variable
A variable that alters the direction and/or strength of the relationship between the IV and DV
Moderator Variable
When there are 3 IVs (ex: 3x2x4), how many interactions are possible?
4 interactions (1 for each IV, 1 for all 3 aka a three-way)
What does a quasi experiment have a lack of control over?
IV, DV (selection, operational definition,) and/or extraneous environmental variables and/or participants’ characteristics (unable to randomly assign)
Participants in the various conditions already differ on a characteristic that can plausibly account for the results
Selection
