Final Exam

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

the material of the universe

Question 2

homogeneous

Answer 2

a mixture that is the same throughout

Question 3

heterogeneous

Answer 3

a mixture that has different property’s throughout

Question 4

law of conservation of mass

Answer 4

mass cannot be created or destroyed

Question 5

quantitative measurement

Answer 5

numbers

Question 6

qualitative measurement

Answer 6

not numbers

Question 7

density

Answer 7

a property of matter representing the mass per unit volume

Question 8

atom

Answer 8

the fundamental unit of which elements are composed

Question 9

atomic mass unit

Answer 9

a small unit of mass equal to 1.66•10^24 grams

Question 10

isotopes

Answer 10

atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. they have identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers

Question 11

alkali metals

Answer 11

elements in the first group of the periodic table +1 ions

Question 12

transition metals

Answer 12

several series of elements in which inner orbitals are being filled. elements at the bottom of the periodic table

Question 13

alkali earth metals

Answer 13

group 2 of the periodic table 2+ ions

Question 14

halogens

Answer 14

group 7 of the periodic table 1- ions

Question 15

noble gases

Answer 15

group 8 of the periodic table 2-ions

Question 16

anion

Answer 16

a negative ion

Question 17

cation

Answer 17

a positive ion

Question 18

combination reaction

Answer 18

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Question 19

combustion reaction

Answer 19

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Question 20

decomposition

Answer 20

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Question 21

single replacement

Answer 21

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Question 22

double replacement

Answer 22

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Question 23

ion

Answer 23

an atom or group of atoms that has a net positive or negative charge

Question 24

Daltons atomic theory

Answer 24

1. elements are made of tiny particles called atoms
2. all atoms of a given element are identical
3. the atoms of a given element are different than those of any other element
4. atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds. a given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms
5. atoms are indivisible in chemical processes. that is, atoms are not created or destroyed in chemical reactions. a chemical reaction simply changes the way the atoms are grouped together

Question 25

heat capacity

Answer 25

the amount of energy required to change the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree

Question 26

chemistry

Answer 26

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