Final Exam Flashcards
Agnostic
neither believes nor denies the existence of god(s)
Theist
believes in the existence of god(s)
Atheist
denies the existence of god(s)
Socratic Paradox
no one is evil willingly
philosopher’s call
to help one self and others find his/her way to the truly good
Socrates on corrupting the youth
- It is better to live among good folk than to live among bad folk (for the good benefits us while the bad harms us)
- To corrupt one is to make them bad
- To make one bad is to risk harm to yourself
- No one wants to intentionally put themselves in harm’s way.
- Thus, I either do not corrupt these folks or I do so unintentionally
- If unintentional, you should have taken me aside and notified- not bring me to court.
Socrates on death
it is a sound and dreamless sleep where one goes and can spend time with the likes of Hesiod and Homer
Proof from Motion (Aquinas)
- theory of how things work in actuality and potentiality
- something set this object in motion in the world, the argument (phenomena) of change is the effect of God
Proof from Efficient Causes
- The only thing that can be self-caused, its own efficient cause, is God.
- Cannot be an endless regress, because something first causes another, which eventually leads to the causation of the last.
Proof from Possibility and Necessity
Implies that is a first cause, first mover, and is necessary. It is a condition for anything else that exists
Proof from Gradations of Perfections
There must be something at the top in order to be able to compare something to its perfection. In order for any of these descriptive words to make any sense, we need a standard to compare it to.
Monism
everything comes from one source.
Materialism
reality consists only of material/physical substances, properties, and relations.
(Cartesian) Dualism
- Mental Substance (mind)
- Physical Substance (Body)
(Casual) determinism
the idea that every event is (causally) necessitated by anteceded events and conditions together with the laws of nature.
