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Clinical Lab Final > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What’s on the first drop of blood

A

Tissue fluid. Dilutes the blood drop and activates clotting

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2
Q

PPE to be worn during capillary puncture

A

Gloves, full face shield or eye protection

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3
Q

hematocrit values for female and men and newborn

A

Female : 36-48%
Male : 42-52%
Newborn: 51-61%

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4
Q

Test are in a CBC

A

RBC count, WBC count, hemoglobin, hems eit, rbc indices, wbc differential count, platelet count/platelet estimate, evaluation of blood cell morphology

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5
Q

Major portion of an erythrocytes

A

Hemoglobin molecule

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6
Q

Classes of immunoglobulins

A

IgG(highest in concentration, immunogens, antibodies, crosses the placenta for immunity)
IgM(largest antibody, approx 5x larger the IgG)
IgA(2nd most abundant; aka secretory antibody)
IgD
IgE(allergen)

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7
Q

Lack of D antigen

A

Rh neg. D is a weak antigen

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8
Q

Normal sites for bleeding time

A

Earlobe and forearm

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9
Q

Vitamin K dependent factors

A

Factor 2, 7, 9 and 10

Coagulation disorder

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10
Q

PT

A

Prothrombin Time

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11
Q

PT normal range

A

10-13 sec

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12
Q

PT is drawn in what tube

A

Light blue

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13
Q

PT is used to monitor….

A

The function of the extrinsic and common pathway

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14
Q

Size drop of blood used for slide making

A

Small drop of blood

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15
Q

Cause of HDN

A

Anti D antibody from maternal blood attacking RBCs of body

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16
Q

Def of Petechiae

A

Small purplish hemorrhage spots on the skin. Very small purpua

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17
Q

Refractometer is used for

A

Measuring the specific gravity of urine

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18
Q

Def of Precision

A

Reproducibilityof results; closeness of obtained values to each other

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19
Q

Trend

A

Indication of error in a analysis, for at least 5 consecutive runs

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20
Q

Standard

A

A chemical solution of a known concentration that can be used as a ref or calibrate substance

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21
Q

Levey-Jennings chart

A

Quality control chart used to record daily quality control values

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22
Q

Parfocal

A

Having objectives that can be interchanged without varying the instruments focus

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23
Q

Aerosol

A

Liquid in the form of a very fine mist

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24
Q

Volume used for a urine culture and calculation for a colony count

A

mL and number of colonies counted is multiplied by 1000

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25
Q

uTI

A

Urinary Tract infection

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26
Q

Cold is aka

A

Rhinovirus

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27
Q

Cold sores is aka

A

Hepatitis 1 (HSv-1)

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28
Q

AIDS is aka

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

29
Q

Flu is aka

A

Influenza

30
Q

Warts/tumors in genital tact

A

HPV human papillomavirus

31
Q

Hepatitis is

A

Process of stopping bleeding. Clot formation/ clot dissolution

32
Q

Refractometer is

A

An Instrument for measuring the refractive index of a substance; aka total solid meter

33
Q

Strep throat is

A

Streptococcus pyogenes. Bacterium that causes a common type of streptococcal infection

34
Q

Pinworm is

A

Enterbious vermicularis; a small parasitic nematode; seatworm

35
Q

APTT/activated partial thromboplastin time is used to monitor

A

Low-dose heparin therapy and to screen for function of the intrinsic and common pathway of hemostasis

36
Q

APTT ref range

A

28-35 sec

37
Q

Leukopoiesis is

A

The formation and development of the various types of white blood cells

38
Q

Hematocrit directly measures

A

The packed cell volume (pcv)

39
Q

STD parasite is

A

Trichmoniasis caused by the parasitic protozoan, trichomonas vaginalis

40
Q

Mono (infectious)

A

A contagious viral disease occurring in primarily the 15-25yo age group and caused by Epstein-Barr virus; kissing disease

41
Q

Malaria is

A

A parasitic disease; mosquito bite; no considered viral but parasitic

42
Q

Smallest cell on a smear

A

Platelets and thrombocytes

43
Q

Rule of 3 is used for

A

A healthy hematocrit should equal the hemoglobin result multiplied by 3
Hemoglobin x3= hemacrit, rbc count x3= hemoglobin

44
Q

3 usual sites for capillary puncture

A

Ring/middle finger for adults

Lateral/side portion of the heel pad for newborns/infants

45
Q

DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation

A

A bleeding disorder characterized by widespread thrombotic and secondary fibrinolytic reactions; such as trauma injures, bacteria/viral infections, drug reactions

46
Q

Titer

A

The reciprocal of the highest dilution that gives the desired reaction

47
Q

ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Test for

A

Cancer, lymphoma, anemia, pregnancy, inflammatory, infection in the body

48
Q

Conditions that causes low ESR

A

Polycythemia and presence of sickle cells.

49
Q

Function of a diuretic

A

Increases urinary output and dilute the urine

50
Q

4 cells in urine

A

Rbc, epithelial cells, wbc and casts

51
Q

4 conformitory tests for urine

A

SST 3, clinitest(reduction of sugars), ictitest, acetest

52
Q

CK cardiac risk, calculation

LDL divided by HDL means?

A

Cardiac risk (heart attAck)

53
Q

Most common anticoagulants

A

Heparin, EDTA(most common), sodium citrate, potassium oxalate

54
Q

Types of urine collection

A

Random urine spec, fasting/first morning urine spec, timed spec(25-hr) and midstream urine spec

55
Q

Most common cell found in urine

A

Squamous epithelial cell

56
Q

Blood cells that can be seen in urine

A

Rbc and wbc

57
Q

Normal range of serum glucose

A

Fasting : 70-110 mg/dL

2hr postprandial: less than 140 mg/dL

58
Q

Most common wbc in a blood smear

A

Neutrophil

59
Q

Char Bioterrorism agents

A

Easily transmitted person to person, easily disseminated, cause high mortality, cause panic/disrupt society

60
Q

3 bioterrorist agents

A

Anthrax, smallpox, plague, tularemia

61
Q

Proficiency testing is

A

When laboratories performing moderate/high complexity testing and are required by CLIA

62
Q

Dissolving of clot is

A

Fibrinolysis

63
Q

Tests on a cbc

A

Hemoglobin,hemacrit, differential count of wbc, platelet count

64
Q

Most numberous wbc

A

Neutrophil

65
Q

Name 4 electrolytes

A

Chloride(Cl), sodium(Na), potassium(K), bicarbonate(HCO3)

66
Q

Lipemic is

A

Lipids in blood

67
Q

Kidney function serum test are

A

BUN(blood uria nitrogen), creatinine, GFR(glumeration rate), uric acid

68
Q

CK organ system is

A

Cardiac system, creating kinase

69
Q

Major liver enzymes

A

ALT, AST, GGT, LDH

Clinical Lab Final (1 decks)

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