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JOUR 485 mass media & society > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the study of signs and symbols is called?

A

semiology

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2
Q

this compositional element deals with time-space relationships

A

motion

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3
Q

this concept is visual attractive to humans and divided media frames into 3 to 5 ratios. what is it?

A

the golden mean

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4
Q

which of the following is one of the additive primary colors?

A

red

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5
Q

which of the following is one of the subtractive primary colors? cyan, red, blue, green?

A

cyan

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6
Q

which of the following factors can only exist in a medium like television?

A

slow motion

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7
Q

which of the following is not a type of motion? primary, secondary, tertiary, dromedary?

A

dromedary

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8
Q

the most common types of tertiary motion are

A

cuts

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9
Q

which of the following is a kind of secondary motion?

A

a zoom in

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10
Q

this kind of visual manipulation deals with set design and creating a place for a mediated story such as a soap opera

A

illusionism

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11
Q

this is a style of painting that is so detailed that it looks like a photograph

A

photorealism

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12
Q

when something looks almost real but not perfectly, it causes a negative response in many human observers. what is this effect called?

A

the uncanny valley

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13
Q

these kind of messages are often unethically used and cannot be easily perceived because they fall just below the the threshold of conscious perception

A

subliminal

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14
Q

the dimensions of the frame of a medium is called

A

aspect ratio

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15
Q

picture of a titled scene that. what best describe this image?

A

a canted angle

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16
Q

the more clear an image is, or the higher resolution

A

the greater the number of pixels

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17
Q

what is the media theory that describes the ability of the news media to influence the salience of topics on the public agenda?

A

agenda setting

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18
Q

he is a famous american philosopher who came up with a categorization scheme for symbols

A

charles sanders pierce

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19
Q

this type of symbol looks like the thing it represents

A

icon

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20
Q

this kind of symbol is an arbitrary convention

A

symbol

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21
Q

a finger print is a kind of

A

index

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22
Q

which of the following is both iconic and indexical? footprint, peace sign, word “dog”, a photograph

A

a photograph

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23
Q

when you combine symbols to create new meanings, what is happening?

A

condensation

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24
Q

when the meaning of one symbol is transferred to another, what has happened?

A

displacement

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25
Q

this describes the inability of the conscious mind to distinguish reality from simulation of reality, especially in technologically advanced post modern societies

A

hyperreality

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26
Q

this was a popular radio program in the 1930s

A

little orphan annie

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27
Q

when we talk about media in terms of journalism, we are imagining the media metaphorically as what?

A

information

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28
Q

storytelling is

A

a human endeavor, part of oral tradition, something that takes on many forms

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29
Q

living in a media rich world means that we are being bombarded with persuasion, awash in material designed to convince us of something we might not otherwise believe or need. Which metaphorical perspective is this?

A

propaganda

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30
Q

what is the famous halloween night broadcast in 1938 that was reported to have scared a lot of people into believing it was true?

A

war of the worlds

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31
Q

which of the following is a story element? pot, setting, conflict?

A

all of the above

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32
Q

if you view the media as outside forces that enter our lives and shape us in different ways, which metaphor best applies?

A

interloper

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33
Q

we often use the media as a kind of escape. when we do, which of the following metaphors best applies to the media? information, distraction, art, curriculum

A

distraction

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34
Q

this part of the inverted news pyramid includes interesting, related items such as extra content including the journalists assessment of the story

A

the tail

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35
Q

when we think of the media as socializing agents and as learning tools, which metaphor best encompasses our thinking?

A

curriculum

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36
Q

what do we call the container or structure in which cultural values, beliefs, and ideas are converted into common sense?

A

stories

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37
Q

peoples consent and deference to power is part of what?

A

hegemony

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38
Q

if you reject and totally disagree with the values and meaning of a story what would we call your reaction?

A

oppositional

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39
Q

if you partly agree with and even share the values in the story you just read, how would we characterize your reaction?

A

negotiated

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40
Q

the most important information in a newspaper story is found in the what?

A

lead

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41
Q

this type of story uses multiple media to tell the story, each contributing a part to a larger story yet complete and satisfying on its own

A

transmedia storytelling

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42
Q

these types of narrates are about endings and often involve a dysfunctional world that is so out of control that it needs to start over.

A

satire

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43
Q

which of the following is an example of a transmedia story?

A

the matrix

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44
Q

this movie was a very successful form of transmedia storytelling and utilized high quality 3-D technology

A

avatar

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45
Q

transmedia storytelling involves?

A

multiple media, audience participation, collaboration

46
Q

what is common sense?

A

just the way things are. an element of the hegemony process; if the interests of the powerful can can be viewed as “common sense” then less challenge and criticism would result

47
Q

This type of media criticism examines the media as pleasurable storytellers

A

narrativist

48
Q

this type of media criticism examines the media as a kind mirror of who we are

A

reflectionist

49
Q

paying close attention, taking notes, and researching the subject are all parts of which stage of the critical process (as outlines in class)

A

description

50
Q

taking action on what you find and connecting your critique to the larger social world are part of which stage of the critical process (as outlines in class)

A

engagement

51
Q

you need to put your ego aside when you get to this stage of the critical process:

A

evaluation

52
Q

he was a “media guru” who invented interesting ideas like “the medium is the message”

A

marshall mcluhan

53
Q

in terms of a capitalistic perspective, you are most likely seen as a _______ when it comes to media use

A

consumer

54
Q

which of the following is not an aspect of culture?

A

objects

55
Q

this type of media criticism reduces a large amount of media information to a single statistic often using content analysis as its method

A

reflectionist

56
Q

this type of media criticism sees the media a potentially dangerous shapers of society

A

constructionist

57
Q

he was marshall mcluhans teacher

A

harold innes

58
Q

it is technically and grammatical incorrect to say…

A

the media is…

59
Q

our cultures central fictional storyteller over the past 50-60 years has been…

A

television

60
Q

who said media “may not be successful much of the time in telling people what to think, but it is stunningly successful in telling its readers what to think about.”

A

bernard cohen

61
Q

this media concept attempts to understand why and how people actively seek out specific media to satisfy specific needs

A

uses and gratifications

62
Q

when asking, why do people use media and what do they use them for? which theory are you working with?

A

uses and gratifications

63
Q

if you believe that other people are affected by the media more than you are, which of the following might be influencing you?

A

the third person effect

64
Q

if you ask questions of everything, have critical eye, and embrace change, which of the following has influenced you? agenda setting, media literacy, uses and gratifications, the third person effect

A

media literacy

65
Q

this medium filters transmits, and disseminates messages. television, radio, magazines?

A

all of the above

66
Q

which of the following is not one of the uses and gratifications associated with mobile phone use? entertainment, personal hygiene, mobility, instant access?

A

personal hygiene

67
Q

which of the following is a type of medium? radio, magazine, internet?

A

all of the above

68
Q

which of the following is a form of technology? language, print, television?

A

all of the above

69
Q

which of the following is an aspect of society? people, beliefs, objects?

A

all of the above

70
Q

government by the people is called?

A

democracy

71
Q

how many assumptions underlie most research on agenda-setting?

A

3

72
Q

what is representation?

A

how the media depicts us, visually dominate concept

73
Q

what is social discourse?

A

how we learn to speak about and represent our thoughts that reflect our values, beliefs, and ideas that are parts of or culture. when they repeat in a variety of media they form patterns that emerge as ideologies

74
Q

ideologies:

A

systems of meaning that circulate the dominant ideas of society and helping us make judgments around the world

75
Q

mainstream narratives:

A

the american dream, males are rugged leaders, females are sex objects/nurturing homemakers, whites are more worthy and intelligent than minorities, heterosexuality is morally superior to homosexuality

76
Q

media representations are judged according to 2 main functions:

A

reflective function & socializing function

77
Q

socializing function:

A

representations are seen as the products of powerful industries designed to shape the culture either harmfully or positively

78
Q

reflective function:

A

representations are judged according to their ability to reflect the culture from which they emerge.

79
Q

babyboomers:

A

idealistic, optimistic, organizational power, micromanage others

80
Q

gen x

A

cynical, alienated, pessimistic, bends the rules to getting things done, comfortable with change and diversity.(Shaped by dual-career and single parent households, and by organizational change due to globalization and technology)

81
Q

Gen Y

A

(Shaped by the personal computer, economic expansion, and uncertainty after 9/11 attacks) Self-centered and narcissistic; comfortable with change, job security is unimportant

82
Q

2 models:

A

partisan model & informational model

83
Q

partisan model:

A

european, yellow journalism (Dramatic, sensationalized stories of crimes, disasters, scandals, and intrigue
Exposing corruption in business and government) ; opinionated viewpoint

84
Q

informational model:

A

modern u.s. model; more straightforward and factual; descriptive

85
Q

visual literacy:

A

ability to read an image, ability to understand the meaning of a picture

86
Q

visual syntax:

A

basic elements of a visual language

87
Q

hue

A

the name of the color itself

88
Q

primary colors:

A

red blue green

89
Q

subtractive colors:

A

cyan, yellow, magenta and sometime black

90
Q

saturation:

A

the purity of a color, desaturating a color makes it look dull

91
Q

tone

A

a result of mixing a pure color with any grayscale color including the 2 extremes white and black

92
Q

T/F: slow motion and time lapse motion only exist in media

A

true

93
Q

types of motion

A

primary, tertiary, secondary

94
Q

secondary motion:

A

zoom, dolly, pan, tilt, truck, etc…

95
Q

tertiary:

A

cuts(takes), dissolves, fades, wipes, digital video effects

96
Q

illusion:

A

series of still images

97
Q

labeling:

A

The use of graphics, info about the people, event, or things seen in the image

98
Q

hyperrealism:

A

mediating reality as close as possible, the uncanny valley, Photorealism, Trompe L’oeil
High-definition imagery

99
Q

hyperreality:

A

A related, postmodern idea;
Simulations of reality; Describes the inability of the conscious mind to distinguish reality from a simulation of reality, especially in technologically advanced post-modern societies. It’s also a way to describe how we define relaity in today’s society.

100
Q

the uncanny valley

A

The idea that when something looks and acts almost real, but not perfectly, it cause a negative response—revulsion—to human observers.

101
Q

condensation

A

combining symbols to create new meanings.

102
Q

Displacement:

A

transferring meaning from one symbol to another.

103
Q

aesthetic manipulation

A

Manipulating visual elements

The use of computer software or less technical means to alter mediated images.

104
Q

what is hegemony?

A

Where power exists; the people’s consent and deference to power; persuading the ruled to accept the belief system of the ruling class; a process; a realized complex of experiences, relationships, and activities

105
Q

what are stories:

A

form the container, or structure in which cultural values, beliefs, ideas are converted into common sense

106
Q

dominant stance:

A

: identify with and accept the story’s meaning.

107
Q

negotiated stance:

A

partly agree with and share the values and message of the story.

108
Q

oppositional stance:

A

rejecting the values and meaning of the story.

109
Q

the critical process:

A

description, analysis, interpretation, evaluation, engagement

110
Q

types of criticism:

A

reflectionist, narrativist, constructionist

111
Q

third person effect:

A

media affect everyone else but not ourselves

JOUR 485 mass media & society (1 decks)

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