Final Exam Flashcards
An energized speaker cone moving outwards is said to be what?
Making a compression wave
An energized speaker cone moving inwards is said to be what?
Generating an expansion wave
A speaker cone that has moved out, moved in and returned back to its starting point is said to have what?
Completed one cycle
The rate at which any kind of motion repeats itself is known as its what?
Frequency
When a motion repeats itself its measured in what?
Cycles per second
A sound with low frequency is heard as a what?
Sound with low pitch
3500 cycles per second
3.5kHz
What is the frequency response of the normal human ear?
20Hz - 20kHz
What is the speed of sound traveling through air?
1130 ft/s
Human hearing has a normal range of what?
Ten octaves
What frequency range represents an octave?
250Hz - 500Hz
What decibel level has OSHA established as enough to cause lasting hearing damage?
125dB
What is responsible for our ability to hear in stereo?
Audio processing that works in millionths of a second
Fletcher-Munson established the human ear to be the most sensitive at what frequency?
3.15kHz
Fletcher-Munson established that as the volume decreases the ear’s response to very low frequency does what?
Decreases
What type of frequencies can bend around corners and travel through dense materials?
Low frequencies
On a graphic equalizer, a FIXED factory set filter could be found where?
Individual frequency faders
On a graphic equalizer, a VARIABLE user-set filter could be found where?
Range switch
On a graphic equalizer, a SHELF response curve would be found where?
Lo-Cut control
On a graphic equalizer, a PEAK response curve would be found where?
Individual frequency faders
What two purposes do graphic equalizers serve in a live sound system?
Tune speakers
Avoid feedback
A 1/3 octave graphic equalizer would have how many frequency faders?
31
A two-channel graphic equalizer that sets the frequencies of both channels with a single slider is called what?
Stereo
The Clip Indicatior Light on a dbx graphic EQ indicates what?
Excessive input level
The 4-LED Bar Meter on a dbx graphic EQ indicates what?
Output signal level
What approach to equalization is considered Best Practice?
Start by reducing the frequencies you feel are too loud
What two purposes do peak limiters play in a live sound system?
Avoid distortion and damage to amps, speakers, and ears.
Reduces output above certain level.
What function of a peak limiter is needed to effectively handle a combined mix of vocals and instruments?
Auto attack/release
What function of a peak limiter is needed in order to limit only certain frequencies?
Side chain with a graphic EQ
What control determines when gain reduction is to begin?
Threshold
What control determines how much the gain will be reduced?
Ratio
What control sets the amount of signal sent to the amps?
Output
What type of compression is the most appropriate for system limiting?
Hardknee
What compression ratio is the most appropriate for system limiting?
20:1
Every crossover point has to contain what?
High-pass filter
Low-pass filter
Sound cutting in and out while music plays at low volume could be the result of what?
A noise gate with the threshold set too high
What is a driver?
Vibrating element that changes electrical energy into acoustical
