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Physical assessment > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

1
Q

breast, age 15-25, single round firm well deleanted very mobile nontender

A

Fibroadenoma

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2
Q

breast, age 35-50 single or multiple, soft to firm, elastic, well delinated, round, mobile tender

A

cyst

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3
Q

breast, age 30-90 single irregular not dileanted fixed non tender retraction may be present

A

cancer

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4
Q

scaly nipple that weeps

A

pagents disease

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5
Q

best time to do self breast exam

A

5-7 days after menses

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6
Q

recommendations for breast screening

A

mammography annual beginning age 40. clinical breast exam every 3 years age 20-39 annually after age 40

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7
Q

best breast exam technique for breast mass detection

A

vertical strip

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8
Q

most palpable nodes, normal one or more soft small <1cm nontender

A

central nodes

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9
Q

joint capsule, cartilage, the synovial fluid, synovium, intra articular ligaments

A

articular structures

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10
Q

periarticular ligaments, tendons, bursae muscle, fascia bone nerve and skin

A

extra articular structures

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11
Q

tendons connect:

A

muscle to bone

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12
Q

ligaments connect:

A

bone to bone

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13
Q

Pouches of synovial fluid that cushion the movement of tendons and muscles over bone or other joint structures.

A

Bursae

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14
Q

For medial nerve compression by tapping on inside of wrist

A

tinels sign, carpal tunnel test

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15
Q

hold writs back to back or flex wrists

A

phalens sign, capal tunnel test

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16
Q

adduct pts arm across chest

A

if pain and tender, arthritis

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17
Q

pt supine, knee slightly flexed, move thigh about 30 degrees, laterally

A

valgus test, for medial ligament damage of knee

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18
Q

muscle strength barely flicker trace

A

1

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19
Q

muscle strength active movement

A

2

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20
Q

muscle strength active movement against gravity

A

3

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21
Q

muscle strength active with resistance

A

4

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22
Q

muscle strength active against full resistance without fatigue

A

5 normal

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23
Q

symptoms of carpal tunnel

A

pulp of index finger numbness, decreased hand grip, finkelsteins test, thumb test painful, weakness in thumb adduction, tinels sign and phalens sign

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24
Q

Where would is most common place to find herniated disc.

A

L5-S1 or L4-L5

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25
Q

how to test for herniated disk

A

pain when raising leg when pt is supine calf wasting weak ankle dorsiflexion absent ankle jerk

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26
Q

lyme disease

A

fever flu like symptoms pain and weakness in arms an legs swelling and pain like arthritis. loss of control of facial muscles. numbess and tingling in hand feet and back

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27
Q

degenerative joint disease with tenderness, seldom warm, rarely red, brief stiffness in mornings or being sedentary, limitation in motion, heberdens nodes

A

Osteoarthritis

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28
Q

back pain, fx

A

osteoporosis

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29
Q

aching pain in lumbosachral area, acute, work related heavy lifting, poor conditioning, obesity

A

mechanical back pain

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30
Q

chronic, inflammation, tender warm seldom red, stiffness lasting more than an hour, weakness, fatique, weight loss, low fever

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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31
Q

cranial nerve 1

A

smell

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32
Q

cranial nerve 2

A

visual acuity, visual fields, ocular fundi

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33
Q

cranial nerve 3

A

pupillary reactions, use pen light

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34
Q

cranial nerve 4and 6

A

eye movement

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35
Q

cranial nerve 5

A

corneal reflexes, facial sensations, jaw movements

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36
Q

cranial nerve 7

A

facial movements, observe for tics

37
Q

cranial nerve 8

A

Acoustic whisper test rinne test weber test

38
Q

cranial nerve 9 and 10

A

Glassophalyngeal and vagus, voice and palate gag reflex

39
Q

cranial nerve 11

A

spinal accessary, shoulder and neck movements

40
Q

cranial nerve 12

A

tongue

41
Q

function of cerbrum

A

thought and action

42
Q

function of diencephalon, forebrain

A

hypothalamus, thalamus endocrine function, homeostasis, hearing, smell and vision, touch perception

43
Q

function on brain stem

A

basic vital life functions: breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure

44
Q

cerbellum

A

movement and balance

45
Q

reflexes 4+

A

brisk hyperactive clonus

46
Q

reflexes 3+

A

brisker than average

47
Q

reflexes 2+

A

average, normal

48
Q

reflexes 1+

A

somewhat diminished , low normal

49
Q

reflexes 0

A

no response

50
Q

alert

A

responds fully

51
Q

lethargy

A

drowsy but opens eyes and responds and falls back to sleep

52
Q

obtuded

A

opens eyes respond slowly confused

53
Q

stupor

A

only after painful stimuli they respond

54
Q

coma

A

no response

55
Q

tremors, resting (static) tremors

A

most prominent at rest. may decrease or disappear with voluntary movement

56
Q

tremors, posturant

A

while maintaining a posture, hyperthyroidism, anxiety, and fatigue

57
Q

tremors, intention

A

absent at rest, appear with movement, often gets worse as target gets closer. disorders of cerebellar path ways, ms

58
Q

spastic hemoisparesis gait,

A

corticospinal tract lesion in stroke, poor control of flexor muscles during swing phase

59
Q

cerebellar ataxia

A

gait is staggering, unsteady

60
Q

parkinsonian gait

A

ganglia defects posture is stooped with flexion of head arms hips and knees. pts are slow getting started. shuffling turn all in one piece

61
Q

scissors gait

A

spinal cord disease bilateral extremity spasticity. cerebral palsy appear to be walking through water

62
Q

steppage

A

foot drop

63
Q

liver, gallbladder location

A

right upper quadrant

64
Q

spleen stomach aorta pancreas

A

left upper quadrant

65
Q

ascending colon apendex

A

right lower quadrant

66
Q

descending colon

A

left lower quadrant

67
Q

pt supine place hand on pts right leg ask pt to raise leg or put on left side extend right leg at hip painful means appendix

A

psoas sign

68
Q

referred rebound tenderness right lower quadrant during left sided pressure

A

rovsings sign

69
Q

hook thumb around gall bladder or liver

A

murphys sign

70
Q

obturator

A

flex thigh at hip knee bent rotate painful in appendix

71
Q

gray turner sign

A

pancreatic blue tone of skin

72
Q

protuberant abdomen, with bulging flanks, dull on percussion

A

ascites

73
Q

scrotum red, vas deferens inflammation, common with chlamydia

A

acute epididymitis

74
Q

nodule or ulcer on penis, non tender common in uncircumcised men

A

carcinoma of the penis

75
Q

nontender fluid filled mass within the tunica vaginalis transliluminates, fingers can get above mass

A

hydrocele

76
Q

painless moveable cystic mass just above testes, transilluminates, contains sperm

A

spermatocele

77
Q

varicose veins of the spermatic cord, usually found on left feels like bag of worms separate from testes, slowly collapse when scrotum is elevated

A

varicocele

78
Q

most common hernia, often into scrotum, hernia comes down the inguinal canal and touches finger tip

A

indirect hernia

79
Q

less common, usually men over 40, Rarely into scrotum. Hernia bulges anteriorly and pushes the side of finger forward

A

Direct hernia

80
Q

least common, more common in women

A

femora

81
Q

Gray or white vaginal discharge, unpleasant odor

A

Bacterial vaginosis

82
Q

yeast white curdy no smell itchy

A

candidiasis

83
Q

trichomonas

A

yellowish green or gray may smell itchy pain

84
Q

cervical cancer screening guidlines

A

begin at age 21 every 3 years

age 30-65 every 3 years unless 3 neg than every 5 years

85
Q

normal prostate gland

A

round heart shaped

86
Q

benign hyperplasia

A

smooth firm symmetrical prostate

87
Q

cancer of prostate

A

hard, irregular

88
Q

cancer of the rectum

A

firm, nodular, rolled edge of ulcerated cancre

Physical assessment (1 decks)

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