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New Testament II > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Give two arguments supporting the view that Luke is the author of Acts

A
  1. The unanimous testimony of ancient church fathers.
  2. The “we material.”
  3. Use of scientific language, consistent with the tradition that Luke the “beloved physician” was the author.
  4. Though there are differences in emphasis between Paul as portrayed in Acts and Paul as revealed in his epistles, there is no reason to think Acts could not have been written by a companion of Paul.
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2
Q

List three ministry patterns that develop during Paul’s first missionary journey.

A
  1. Paul typically begins with the Jewish community, but then moves on to the Gentiles.
  2. In his sermons Paul establishes common ground with his audiences.
  3. Paul concentrates on urban centers.
  4. Paul returns to previously evangelized areas for follow-up.
  5. Paul encounters adversity and opposition.
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3
Q

What was the “Apostolic Council” and when did it take place?

A

The Apostolic Council was a gathering of the apostles and other church leaders in Jerusalem to decide whether Gentile converts needed to be circumcised. The Council took place in AD 48 or 49.

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4
Q

What does it mean to say Paul’s epistles are occasional writings? How does this affect our interpretation and application of these letters?

A

They respond to specific occasion in the life of the congregation addressed. This affects interpretation in that some instructions may be limited to specific individuals or to a specific setting. One must determine what will apply unchanged to all Christians in all times, and what may have to be applied differently in new contexts. Also, some of what is said in an occasional letter presupposes an understanding of the issues that led its writing.

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5
Q

Why are Paul’s epistles arranged in the order they now appear in the New Testament?

A

They were placed in decreasing order of length, first for the letters addressing congregations, then for those addressing individuals.

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6
Q

What is the “new perspective on Paul”? What does Blomberg consider its strengths? What does he consider its weaknesses?

A

A recent perspective on Paul’s view of the law that argues that first-century Judaism was not legalistic, that Paul did not greatly differ from his contemporaries with respect the issue of grace and works in connection with salvation, and that Jewish nationalism was more of a problem than Jewish legalism. Blomberg considers the new perspective to be right in much of what it affirms about first-century Judaism. He thinks the new perspective is wrong to say Paul did not combat works-righteousness.

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7
Q

Give two arguments supporting a pre-Apostolic Council dating of Galatians.

A
  1. The meeting described in Galatians 2:1-10 fits into the trip to Jerusalem described in Acts 11:27-30 better than the Apostolic Council described in Acts 15. Galatians could thus have been written before the Apostolic Council.
  2. It is hard to understand Peter’s actions in Antioch (Gal. 2:11-15) if these happened after the Apostolic Council.
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8
Q

Why do scholars who favor a pre-Apostolic Council dating of Galatians usually hold that the epistle was addressed to churches in south Galatia?

A

Because the southern Galatian region was evangelized on Paul’s first missionary journey, but not the northern Galatian region. So if Galatians was written before AD 48-49 (the date of the Apostolic Council) it is hard to see how it could address churches in north Galatia.

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9
Q

What four arguments in support of justification by faith does Paul present in Galatians 3?

A
  1. The Galatians’ personal experience of the Holy Spirit.
  2. The example of Abraham.
  3. The law is unable to save anyone.
  4. The Mosaic Law came after the principle of justification by faith was established, and thus does not nullify it.
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10
Q

When and from where was 1 Thessalonians written?

A

1 Thessalonians was written between AD 50 and 52, from Corinth.

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11
Q

Name two important themes Paul addresses in 1 Thessalonians.

A
  1. The integrity of Paul’s own ministry.
  2. The need for sexual purity.
  3. The need to work and mind one’s own business.
  4. Eschatology.
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12
Q

What misunderstanding about eschatology does Paul address in 2 Thessalonians?

A

That the day of the Lord had already come.

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13
Q

When and from where did Paul write 1 Corinthians?

A

1 Corinthians was written from Ephesus, probably in A.D. 55.

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14
Q

List five issues that Paul addresses in 1 Corinthians.

A
  1. divisions in the church,
  2. incest
  3. lawsuits
  4. immorality
  5. marriage
  6. food sacrificed to idols
  7. behavior in worship
  8. head coverings
  9. the Lord’s Supper
  10. spiritual gifts
  11. the resurrection
  12. the collection for Jerusalem.
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15
Q

According to Blomberg, what is the danger of applying the category of carnal Christian to nominal practitioners of the faith?

A

It can lead to the belief that a person who has made a superficial profession of faith, but never shown any signs of spiritual live, is still saved.

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16
Q

According to Blomberg, what text and theme form the theological heart of 2 Corinthians?

A

2 Corinthians 5:11-21, on the theme of reconciliation.

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17
Q

When and from where was Romans written?

A

Paul wrote Romans from Corinth, probably in A.D. 57.

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18
Q

List two of Paul’s purposes in writing Romans.

A
  1. To unify Jewish and Gentile Christians in Rome.
  2. To give a systematic exposition of his gospel.
  3. To pave the way for his visit to Rome.
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19
Q

How does Blomberg interpret Paul’s teaching about the future of Israel?

A

At the end of the church, at or before Christ’s second coming, a large number of Jewish people will put their trust in him.

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20
Q

What three locations have scholars proposed as the place of Paul’s imprisonment when he wrote his “prison epistles”?

A
  1. Rome
  2. Ephesus
  3. Caesarea
21
Q

What is Blomberg’s own view on the issue of Paul’s location, from which the prison epistles were written?

A

Rome seems the best option.

22
Q

What are two possible explanations of how Paul came to meet Onesimus?

A
  1. He was sent by Philemon and the Colossian church to bring Paul assistance.
  2. He sought out Paul to play the role of amicus domini (“friend of the master”), to settle a dispute he had with Philemon.
  3. He was a runaway slave who did not plan to meet Paul, but encountered him unexpectedly through God’s providence.
23
Q

According to Blomberg, what was the most likely nature of the heresy Paul had to address in Colossae?

A

Blomberg thinks the Coloassian heresy was most likely a syncretistic blend of both Jewish and Hellenistic elements. It affected Christology, soteriology, anthropology.

24
Q

What is Blomberg’s understanding of Ephesians 5:22-24 with respect to the question of wives submitting to their husbands?

A

The terms “submit” and “head” imply that Paul sees husbands having some kind of authority over their wives, but this does not mean wives must submit or obey in an unqualified way. Wives must put the Lord first.

25
Q

According to Blomberg, what is the overall theme of Philippians?

A

Joy in the midst of suffering.

26
Q

Blomberg lists three major problems scholars have to explain with respect to the Pastoral Epistles: differences in linguistic and literary style when compared to the other Pauline letters; differences in doctrinal focus; and no clear historical setting for these epistles within the events recorded in the book of Acts.

1) How do those who defend Pauline authorship (as Blomberg does) respond to the first of these problems?
2) To the second?
3) To the third?

A

1) They stress that Paul may have used a different amanuensis. Alternatively, the different content and purposes of the Pastoral may account for their different vocabulary and style.
2. The differences in theology are not really that strong, but more a matter of emphasis.
3) The Pastorals come from a period of Paul’s life after the years described in Acts. Alternatively, 1 Timothy and Titus could have been written during Paul’s stay at Ephesus on his third missionary journey, and 2 Timothy during the period of Paul’s house arrest in Rome.

27
Q

According to Blomberg, what is the relationship between “elders” (presbuteros) and “overseers” (episkopos) in Titus?

A

The two terms are probably interchangeable.

28
Q

In his outline of 1 Timothy, Blomberg suggests Paul offers three methods of opposing heresy. What are these?

A
  1. Careful control of church worship and leadership.
  2. Promoting true godliness rather than asceticism.
  3. Promoting respect for other groups of people in the church.
29
Q

What was Paul’s purpose in writing 2 Timothy?

A

To exhort Timothy to faithfully pursue his ministry.

30
Q

According to Blomberg, what is the most likely dating of James?

A

Between A.D. 44 and 49

31
Q

How does Blomberg explain the apparent contradiction between what Paul and James write on the subject of faith and works?

A

Paul and James use the terms “faith” and “works” in different ways.

32
Q

How does Blomberg describe the genre of Hebrews?

A

He describes it as “the written form of (or substitute for) a
preached message.”

33
Q

What does Blomberg conclude about:

1) the ethnic background of the audience to whom Hebrews is addressed?
2) The date of Hebrews, and the specific place to which it was addressed?

A

1) For the most part they were Jewish Christians, but there may have also been some Gentile believers mixed in.
2) Hebrews was probably written shortly before AD 64, with Rome as the most likely destination.

34
Q

Which of these views of Hebrews 6:4-10 does Blomberg seem to favor?

_____The reference to “those who have once been enlightened” falling away is purely hypothetical.

_____ “Those who have once been enlightened” does not refer to those who have been truly saved, but to people who have only been closely associated with the gospel.

_____ This passage refers to people losing their salvation.

A

“Those who have once been enlightened” does not refer to those who have been truly saved, but to people who have only been closely associated with the gospel.

35
Q

List three reasons why Blomberg concludes that 1 Peter was written from Rome.

A
  1. The reference to “Babylon” in 5:13 is most likely a code word for Rome.
  2. Strong tradition maintains that Peter ended his life in Rome.
  3. The mention of Mark in 5:13 points to Rome, since according to 2 Tim 4:11 and Col 4:10 he was in Rome in the mid-60s.
36
Q

Peter refers to his audience as “aliens and strangers” (2:11; 1:1). Does Blomberg interpret this literally or metaphorically?

A

Blomberg cites evidence and scholarly opinion in favor of each of these options, concluding that it is impossible to know what percentage of Peter’s audience were literal refugees.

37
Q

What other New Testament letter does Jude most closely resemble?

A

Jude closely resembles 2 Peter.

38
Q

Does Blomberg think that when Jude refers to events recorded in intertestamental works such as the Testament of Moses he thereby affirms the historicity of these events? Explain.

A

Blomberg says Jude does not imply such works are inspired, and that we have no way of knowing whether he thought the events they refer to actually occurred. He gives the example of how a modern preacher might refer to a well known fictional character without thereby implying that this character is historical.

39
Q

What is the one main doctrinal problem that underlies all of the errors the false teachers opposed in 2 Peter promote?

A

According to Blomberg, all the doctrinal errors addressed in 2 Peter derive from a denial of Christ’s return.

40
Q

What three key themes, or “tests of life,” run in cycles through 1 John?

A

Loving one another, keeping God’s commandments, and believing Jesus Christ is fully God and fully human.

41
Q

Does Blomberg think “the chosen lady and her children” in the opening verse of 2 John refers to a literal family or to a church?

A

Blomberg thinks these terms refer to a house church.

42
Q

Why was showing hospitality an important ministry in the early church?

A

Some Christians had itinerant ministries, and inns were not good in the ancient world.

43
Q

Revelation combines features of three literary genres. What are they?

A

Apocalypse, prophecy, and epistle.

44
Q

How does the “telescopic perspective” understand the relationship between the seven seals, the seven trumpets, and the seven bowls?

A

The seventh seal contains the seven trumpets, and the seventh trumpet contains the seven bowls.

45
Q

Define the following terms as they apply to interpreting Revelation:

1) Futurism
2) Preterism
3) Historicism
4) Idealism

A

1) Futurism: the view that Rev 6-19 describes largely future events.
2) Preterism: the view that Rev 6-19 describes 1st century events.
3) Historicism: the view that Rev describes events that unfold through the course of church history.
4) Idealism: the view that the events in Rev are symbolic of the struggle between good and evil that is ever present during the church age.

46
Q

What is the outline for the book of Acts?

1) 1:1-5:42 ________________
2) 6:1-12:25 _______________
3) 13:1-15:35 _______________
4) 15:36-18:22 ______________
5) 18:23-21:16 _______________
6) 21:17-28:31 _______________

A

1) 1:1-5:42 - The Beginnings of the Church in Jerusalem
2) 6:1-12:25 - Spreading Out: Hellenists, Samaritans, Gentiles
3) 13:1-15:35 - Paul’s 1st Missionary Journey (Asia Minor)
4) 15:36-18:22 - Paul’s 2nd Missionary Journey (Macedonia and Achaia)
5) 18:23-21:16 - Paul’s 3rd Missionary Journey
6) 21:17-28:31 - Paul’s Arrest and Voyage to Rome

47
Q

What is the outline for the book of Romans?

1) 1:1-17 _______________
2) 1:18-3:20 ____________
3) 3:21-4:25 ____________
4) 5:1-8:39 _____________
5) 9:1-11:36 _____________
6) 12:1-15:13 ____________

      A) 12:1-2 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

      B) 12:3-8 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

      C) 12:9-21 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

      D) 13:1-7 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

      E) 13:8-14 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

      F) 14:1-15:13 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

7) 15:14-33 ______________
8) 16:1-27 _______________

A

1) 1:1-17 - Opening
2) 1:18-3:20 - Humanity’s need for righteousness
3) 3:21-4:25 - Justification by faith
4) 5:1-8:39 - Implications and aspects of justification by faith: God’s love, future hope, present struggle, living for righteousness
5) 9:1-11:36 - God’s purposes for Israel
6) 12:1-15:13 - Living out the gospel

      A) 12:1-2 - Sacrifice and transformation

      B) 12:3-8 - Spiritual gifts

      C) 12:9-21 - Love

      D) 13:1-7 - Governing authorities

      E) 13:8-14 - Living in light of the coming day

      F) 14:1-15:13 - Weak and strong believers

7) 15:14-33 - Paul’s ministry
8) 16:1-27 - Closing greetings and doxology

48
Q

What is the outline for the book of 1 Corinthians?

1) 1:1-9 _________________
2) 1:10-4:21 ______________
3) 5:1-13 ________________
4) 6:1-11 _________________
5) 6:12-20 _______________
6) 7:1-40 ________________
7) 8:1-11:1 ________________
8) 11:2-16 ________________
9) 11:17-34 _______________
10) 12:1-14:40 _____________
11) 15:1-58 _______________
12) 16:1-4 ________________
13) 16:5-24 _______________

A

1) 1:1-9 - Greeting and thanksgiving
2) 1:10-4:21 - Divisions, wisdom, and the cross
3) 5:1-13 - A case of immorality
4) 6:1-11 - Lawsuits among believers
5) 6:12-20 - Warning against sexual immorality
6) 7:1-40 - Marriage
7) 8:1-11:1 - Food offered to idols
8) 11:2-16 - Head coverings in worship
9) 11:17-34 - The Lord’s Supper
10) 12:1-14:40 - Spiritual gifts
11) 15:1-58 - The resurrection
12) 16:1-4 - Collection for the believers in Jerusalem
13) 16:5-24 - Paul’s plans and final greetings

49
Q

What is the outline for the book of Revelation?

1) 1:1-3 _________________
2) 1:4-20 _______________
3) 2:1-3:22 ______________
4) 4:1-22:5 ______________
5) 22:6-20 ______________
6) 22:21 ________________

A

1) 1:1-3 - Introduction
2) 1:4-20 - Opening of letter to seven churches
3) 2:1-3:22 - Specific messages to seven churches
4) 4:1-22:5 - Visions of things to come
5) 22:6-20 - Concluding words of John and Jesus
6) 22:21 - Closing epistolary blessing

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