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Western Civ > Final exam > Flashcards

Final exam Flashcards

0
Q

The traditional hierarchical social structure of the Middle Ages came to an end due to what?

A

The Black Death

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1
Q

In the 2nd half of the 14th century, there were less farmers to work the lands of the nobility due to depopulation caused by what?

A

The Black Death

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2
Q

Joan de Arc fought for who?

A

King & county/France

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3
Q

Through this dedication, a heightened spirit of what would develop?

A

Nationalism

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4
Q

True or false; due to their supposed guilt for the Black Death, Jewish refugees migrated to Poland & Russia.

A

True.

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5
Q

During the Great Schism, there was at one time how many popes?

A

3.

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6
Q

The Babylonian captivity of the Pope refers to when the papacy was where?

A

Avignon

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7
Q

Who believed that Christ &/or the apostles owned no property?

A

Spiritual Franciscans

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8
Q

True or false; The failure of the conciliar movement in the church was a gain for democracy & limited monarchy.

A

False. It was a loss for democracy & limited monarchy.

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9
Q

The French Cardinals who were berated for their extravagant lifestyle & removed the papacy to Avignon were who?

A

Ultramontane

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10
Q

After Dr. Eck maneuvered Luther into taking an open stance against the church, Luther was what?

A

Excommunicated

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11
Q

Due to the sale of indulgences with no regard to the penitence of the sinner, Luther posted what?

A

His 95 theses.

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12
Q

The priest selling those indulgences was who?

A

John Tetzel

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13
Q

Luther was banned from HRE via what?

A

The edict of worms

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14
Q

The pope’s demand for an answer from Luther for his arrogance resulted in what?

A

Leipzig Disputation

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15
Q

Distinguishing Calvinism from other Protestant creeds is its premise of what?

A

Predestination

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16
Q

True or false; Luther believed in the New Testament God & Calvin believed in the Old Testament God.

A

True.

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17
Q

The first division in Protestantism was the creation of what?

A

The reformed church

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18
Q

The reformed church was established in Switzerland by who?

A

Ulrich Zwingli

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19
Q

The climax of the Protestant/RC antagonism in Germany was what?

A

The Schmalkaldic war

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20
Q

The compromise ending the Schmalkaldic war was what?

A

The Peace of Augsburg

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21
Q

The Augsburg confession was authored by Luther’s second in command, who was?

A

Philip Melanchthon.

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22
Q

True or false; Luther sought to suppress everything not sanctioned by the Bible, while Calvin suppressed only those things specifically condemned by the Bible.

A

False. It was just the opposite. Calvin sought to suppress everything not sanctioned by the Bible, while Luther suppressed only those things specifically condemned by the Bible.

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23
Q

True or false; Via the peace of Augsburg, Lutheranism was defeated in Germany.

A

False. Lutheranism was legally recognized.

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24
Q

Charles V’s request for a statement of Protestant beliefs resulted in what?

A

The Augsburg confession

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25
Q

The backbone of the catholic reformation was what?

A

The Jesuits/Society of Jesus

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26
Q

The founder of the Jesuits was who?

A

Ignatius Loyola

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27
Q

Instrumental in the counter reformation was what?

A

The council of Trent

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28
Q

The Jesuits founder was what?

A

A Spanish nobleman

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29
Q

Who was Henry’s first wife?

A

Catherine of Aragon

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30
Q

Who was Henry’s second wife?

A

Anne Boleyn

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31
Q

According to Henry, who was a pernicious pest, a poisonous serpent, a wolf of Hell, & the Limb of Satan?

A

Martin Luther

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32
Q

Henry created what?

A

The Anglican Church aka the Church of England aka Anglicana Ecclessia

33
Q

Henry & Anne Boleyn’s daughter, the future queen, was who?

A

Elizabeth

34
Q

What act of parliament would have one executed for libeling the King?

A

The Treason Act

35
Q

Via the acts of parliament under Henry, the King gave himself weapons including those which could have one beheaded for continued loyalty to who?

A

The pope

36
Q

Acts of parliament gave Henry absolute power over heretics, as he could have them burned for deviation from what?

A

RC doctrine

37
Q

The succession act legalized what?

A

The offspring of Anne Boleyn

38
Q

What was the treason act?

A

Execution for slandering the King.

39
Q

What was the act of supremacy?

A

The King as the head of the Church of England.

40
Q

What did the act of the six articles do?

A

Reaffirmed RC doctrine

41
Q

Edward Seymour is known to history as what?

A

Somerset.

42
Q

The successor to Edward’s uncle as protector of the realm was who?

A

Northumberland.

43
Q

Edward named who as his successor the daughter in law of Northumberland?

A

Lady Jane Grey

44
Q

Before being imprisoned, Lady Jane Grey was queen for how long?

A

9 days.

45
Q

Bloody Mary executed who?

A

Protestants

46
Q

All else was insignificant to Mary except her passion for the restoration in England of what?

A

Catholicism

47
Q

Elizabeth’s hand chosen, principle advisor for 40 years was who?

A

Lord Burghley

48
Q

What was the conspiracy that ended in Mary Queen of Scots losing her head was what?

A

The Babington Plot

49
Q

Mary Stuart’s male heir was who?

A

James I of England aka James VI of Scotland.

50
Q

Name Mary Queen of Scot’s 3 husbands in order.

A

Francis II, Lord Darnley, & The Earl of Bothwell.

51
Q

Charles V was a what?

A

Habsburg

52
Q

True or false; As King of Spain, he was Charles I & in the HRE, he was Charles V.

A

True.

53
Q

While Charles was absent from Spain, a rebellion broke out led by who?

A

The Santa Junta

54
Q

The rebellion would be put down by who?

A

The Spanish nobility

55
Q

Sulieman the magnificent moved into where while Khreireddin Barbarossa terrorized where?

A

Hungary; The Mediterranean

56
Q

In order to serve Pan-Iberian unity, at 16 Philip married Maria, the princess of where?

A

Portugal

57
Q

The majority of Philip II’s reign was spent trying to crush the revolt where?

A

The Netherlands

58
Q

The primary reason why Spain retained its predominant position in Europe under Philip II was due to what?

A

The wealth from the new world

59
Q

Don John gained his nickname by defeating who?

A

The Turks

60
Q

Don John’s famous naval victory was the battle of what?

A

Le Panto

61
Q

True or false; The practice of primogeniture led to many younger Spanish sons entering the clergy & emigrating to America.

A

True.

62
Q

True or false; Antwerp was the original seat of Dutch & European trade & is modern day Belgium.

A

True.

63
Q

A major factor in the decline of the Dutch Republic was the demise of what?

A

The Dutch West India Company.

64
Q

Henry IV’s closest advisor was who?

A

The duke of Sully

65
Q

Henry of Navarre married Charles IX’s sister who was?

A

Marguerite of Valois

66
Q

Richelieu believe the power & wealth of France relied on what?

A

State

67
Q

Richelieu’s successor was who?

A

Mazarin

68
Q

The intendants were Richelieu’s what?

A

Bureaucracy

69
Q

True or False; The “Burning Court” was the French version of the Inquisition, to rid France of Protestants.

A

True.

70
Q

Richelieu’s goal was to increase the power of the French monarchy, which would be at the expense of what?

A

The French nobility

71
Q

True or false; The advisors to Marie de Medicis were the Spanish couple, Concino Concini & Leondra Galigai.

A

False. They were an Italian couple.

72
Q

What were the Moriscos?

A

Muslims

73
Q

What were the Maranos?

A

The Jews

74
Q

What were the Hidalgos?

A

The lesser nobility

75
Q

What was the Cortes?

A

Legislature

76
Q

Catherine de Medicis

A

Regent for Charles IX

77
Q

Prince of Condé

A

2nd Protestant in command

78
Q

Admiral Coligny

A

Protestant leader

79
Q

Duke of Guise

A

Catholic leader

80
Q

Henry of Navarre

A

Converted Protestant

Western Civ (2 decks)

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