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7th Grade Science > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Exercise is important for muscles because helps maintain __________ and __________.

A

Strength and flexibility

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2
Q

The skin regulates body temperature by enabling _______ ________ to escape from the body.

A

Excess heat

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3
Q

___________ are the bones that form the backbone.

A

Vertebrae

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4
Q

___________ is a strong connective tissue that holds movable joints together.

A

ligament

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5
Q

____________ is the type of tissue that lines your digestive track and allows you to digest and absorb the nutrients food.

A

epithelial

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6
Q

During photosynthesis the cells uses energy in __________ to make _________.

A

sunlight, food

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7
Q

Photosynthesis benefits heterotrophs by creating _______ that they can eat.

A

food

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8
Q

How are photosynthesis and respiration related? They have _____________ equations.

A

opposite

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9
Q

Each rung of the DNA ladder is made up of a _______ of nitrogen _________.

A

pair , bases

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10
Q

Sugar molecules can combine and form large molecules called ____________.

A

starches

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11
Q

When two or more elements combine chemically, they form a(n) __________.

A

compound

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12
Q

A species is a group of similar organisms that can ________ with each other and produce ________ offspring.

A

mate, fertile

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13
Q

Differences between members of the same species are called ____________.

A

variations

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14
Q
  1. ___________ is a term that refers to a species that no longer has any living members?
A

extinct

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15
Q

What theory proposes that evolution occurs steadily in tiny changes over long periods of time?

A

gradualism

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16
Q

What did Darwin observe about finches in the Galápagos Islands? Their ________ were adaptations related to the foods the finches ate.

A

beaks

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17
Q

Which of the following is most likely to become preserved as a fossil? Leaf, worm, jellyfish, or a clam shell.

A

clam shell

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18
Q

__________ are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

A

arteries

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19
Q

Why is atherosclerosis especially serious when it develops in the coronary arteries? It can lead to a ________ ____________.

A

heart attack

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20
Q

If your pulse rate increases, your heart is beating __________ than before.

A

faster

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21
Q

Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure is consistently __________ than normal.

A

higher

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22
Q

__________ is the step in the water cycle in which water vapor becomes liquid water.

A

condensation

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23
Q
  1. The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one Celsius degree is called a
A

calorie

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24
Q

________ is the structure(s) that enable(s) the small intestine to absorb large amounts of nutrient.(

A

Villi

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25
Q

A _____________ is a unit used to measure energy.

A

calorie

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26
Q

The energy your body needs comes from ____________.

A

food

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27
Q

What process involves muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus? ____________(519)

A

peristalsis

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28
Q

________ is the organ that produces bile.(

A

liver

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29
Q

If a homozygous black guinea pig (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white guinea pig (bb), what is the probability that an offspring will have black fur?_____________

A

100%

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30
Q

What is the chromosome theory of inheritance? __________ are carried from parents to offspring on chromosomes.

A

genes

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31
Q

______________ is the term that refers to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics.

A

traits

32
Q

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is ___________.

A

homozygous

33
Q

A heterozygous organism has two ______________ alleles for a trait.

A

different

34
Q

Chromosomes are made up of many ___________ joined together.

A

genes

35
Q

What is the goal of technology? To improve the way people ___________.

A

live

36
Q

What is the first thing you should do if an accident occurs? Notify your ___________

A

teacher

37
Q

______________________ are observations that deal with a number or amount.

A

quantitative observations

38
Q

A person who is trained to use both technology and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems is known as a (n) _____________.

A

engineer

39
Q

How does magnification occur in an electron microscope? An _______ beam creates an image.

A

electron

40
Q

Which organelles store food and other materials needed by the cell? ________________

A

vacuole

41
Q

What do all living things need to survive?

A

water

42
Q

One characteristic used to place organisms into kingdoms is their ability to make

A

their own food

43
Q

Spontaneous generation is a mistaken idea because living things are produced only by ________ ___________.

A

living things

44
Q

What is a genome? all the ________ in one cell of an organism.

A

DNA

45
Q

Sex-linked genes are genes on the _______ and ________ chromosomes

A

X,Y

46
Q

Hemophilia is caused by a(n) _____________ allele on the X chromosome.

A

recessive

47
Q

What genetic disorder results in abnormally shaped blood cells? _____________

A

sickle-cell disease

48
Q

Many characteristics are affected by interactions between genes and the __________________.

A

the environment.

49
Q

Angiosperms that live for more than two years are called _____________.

A

perennials.

50
Q

Root hairs help a plant absorb __________ and ___________.

A

water, nutrients

51
Q

The smallest unit of ecological organization is a single _________________

A

organism

52
Q

If you count 20 beetles in a garden measuring 5 square meters, the population density of the beetles is ______ beetles per square.

A

4

53
Q

A group of antelope leaving the herd in search of better grassland is an example of _____________.

A

emigration

54
Q

The behaviors and physical characteristics of species that allow them to live successfully in their environment are called ____________.

A

adaptations.

55
Q

When a jellyfish paralyzes a tiny fish with its poisonous tentacles, the fish is the ___________.

A

prey

56
Q

The Escherichia coli that live in your intestine and help break down food are an example of which type of interaction?

A

mutualism

57
Q

All the different populations that live together in an area make up a(n) _______________.

A

community.

58
Q

When a flea is living on a dog, the dog is the ___________.

A

host

59
Q

Which substances are produced during respiration? _______________ and ___________.

A

carbon dioxide and water

60
Q

What happens to cause air to be exhaled from the lungs? The ____________ relaxes and moves upward.

A

diaphragm

61
Q

Over time, smoking can irritate the breathing passages, which may become clogged with mucus. This condition is called___________.

A

bronchitis

62
Q

In some reflex actions, skeletal muscles contract without the involvement of the ___________.

A

brain

63
Q

The brain and spinal cord make up the ____________ nervous system.

A

centeral

64
Q

Because of the way in which the lens of the eye bends light rays, the image produced by the lens is _______________.

A

upside down

65
Q

A fungus–plant root association is an example of _____________mutualism.

A

symbiotic

66
Q

Where would fungi NOT likely thrive? Wet or dry climate (circle)

A

dry climate

67
Q

Fungi that decompose dead organisms return important __________ to the soil.

A

nutrients

68
Q

Why are viruses like parasites? They _______ the cells they enter.

A

harm

69
Q

A virus’s proteins are important because they help the virus _________ to its host.

A

attach

70
Q

How does a vaccine work? It activates the body’s ____________ defenses.

A

natural

71
Q

The stage of respiration that releases most of the energy in glucose occurs in the __________.

A

mitochondria

72
Q

What happens during cytokinesis in animal cells? Two new ___________ _________ are formed.

A

daughter cells

73
Q

During what stage of the cell cycle does replication occur?

A

interphase

74
Q

The regular cycle of growth and division that cells undergo is called _____ ________ _________.

A

the cell cycle.

75
Q

Which term refers to the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane? _____________

A

osmosis

76
Q

How can smoking lead to emphysema? by destroying __________ tissue

A

lung

7th Grade Science (1 decks)

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