Final Exam Flashcards
A document used during the construction process to clarify the necessary details of a project.
Request for Information
A judicial body in local government that hears appeals on legislative decisions.
Board of Adjustments
How can I obtain a copy of the CC&Rs for a development?
Search the county recorder’s documents; Call their HOA
You can tell if a plat is final and approved by the city if:
A representative of the city has signed the plat
City’s enforce HOA rules.
False
What does ROW stand for on a set of plans?
Right-of-Way
The term given to the right of a non-owner to use the land for a stated purpose, indefinitely.
Perpetual Easement
______ is a broad term for all of the various steps and approvals that a property owner, or a party authorized by the property owner, must obtain prior to improving the property.
Entitlements
______ sketch design plans and put together mood/material boards and also perform interior space planning, creating budgets/timelines, and help source interior finishes.
Interior Designers
A ______ reports to the owner or asset manager and is responsible for the day to day operations of the asset.
Property Manager
A ________ is a portion of a consultant’s fee that the consultant requires to be paid prior to commencing work.
Retainer
It would be illegal to subdivide a parcel of land without planning & zoning approval.
True
How many sections are there within a township?
36
In the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), a metes and bounds description may include a reference to R2W. What does this stand for?
Range 2 West
______ is the instrument used to subdivide land into multiple lots/parcels.
Plat
A ______ plat is the instrument used to subdivide the air rights into fee simple units (for multi-family dwellings).
Condo (also accepted: Condominium)
________ are drawings, documents, mockups, or samples created by the contractor and presented to the owner or architect.
Submittals
Strong Mayor
Mayor serves as primary executive, council makes all legislative decisions
Weak Mayor
Mayor has a vote on the city council, executive decisions are shared by the mayor and council
Council Manager
City Manager is appointed by the council and serves as the primary executive, council makes executive decisions
Board of commission
Commissioners are elected and collectively make legislative decisions and are individually….
Secondary water is a dry or wet utility?
Wet Utility
Power / Electrical is a dry or wet utility?
Dry Utility
Sanitary Sewer is a dry or wet utility?
Wet Utility
Storm Water is a dry or wet utility?
Wet Utility
Culinary Water is a dry or wet utility?
Wet Utility
Communications are a dry or wet utility?
Dry Utility
Gas is a dry or wet utility?
Dry Utility
What does ROW stand for on a set of plans?
Right of Way
AIA (American Institute of Architects) defines _______ as, “the stage in the progress of the work when the work or designated portion thereof is…”
Substantial completion
SITLA
State Institutional Trust Lands Administration
CC&R
Covenant, Conditions, and Restrictions
PID
Public Improvement District
RFI
Request for Information
______ are drawings, documents, mock-ups, or samples created by the contractor and presented to the owner or architect
Submittals
At construction closeout, the customer/owner can withhold payment to cover what is left to be done, including a _______ work or any needed repairs
Punch list
Organize the entitlement milestones in chronological order:
A. Final Site Plan
B. General Plan Amendment
C. Final Plat
D. Rezone
E. Preliminary Site Plan
B. General Plan Amendment
D. Rezone
E. Preliminary Site Plan
A. Final Site Plan
C. Final Plat
FDC Annotated on a site plan is an acronym that stands for?
Fire Department Connection
Site development starts and ends with what?
Starts with entitlements and ends with a business license.
Difference between condos and apartments?
Condos are for purchase and apartments for rent, you can’t own an apartment with vertical change of ownership (dividing ownership of airspace).
What happens when HOAs go belly up?
Cities have to take them over frequently, so HOAs have to prove to city that they can set it up (legally) and manage it consistently and permanently.
What is the definition of entitlements?
A broad term for the various steps and approvals that a property owner, or a party authorized by the property owner, must obtain before they can lawfully use the property.
Entitlements are essential for legal property use and development.
What are the typical entitlement steps?
- General Plan Amendment
- Rezone
- Concept Plan Approval
- Preliminary Site Plan Approval
- Final Site Plan Approval
These levels indicate the stages of approval in the entitlement process.
What is typically required for a General Plan Amendment?
• Application to amend text and/or land use map
• Staff Report
• Planning Commission Public Hearing
• City Council Public Hearing
This process involves multiple review stages to ensure compliance with planning regulations.
What is involved in the Rezone entitlement process?
• Application (could require a conceptual site plan)
• Staff Report
• Planning Commission Public Hearing
• City Council Public Hearing
Rezoning is often necessary for changing the designated use of a property.
What steps are included in the Concept Plan Approval process?
• Application
• P&Z Staff Review
• Other Dept. Staff Review (if applicable)
• Other Agency Review (if applicable)
• Planning Commission Meeting (if a conditional use)
This step ensures that the proposed use aligns with local regulations.
What is the typical timeframe for Preliminary Site Plan Approval?
14-30 DAYS (30-90 if subdivision)
Timeframes can vary based on the complexity of the project.
What is the typical timeframe for Final Site Plan Approval?
30-60 DAYS (60-120 if subdivision)
Final approval is crucial for starting construction.
Who are some of the professionals involved in the entitlement process?
• Landscape Architect
• Civil Engineer
• Traffic Engineer
• Geotechnical Engineer
• Architect
• Structural Engineer
• Mechanical Engineer
• Electrical Engineer
• Plumbing Engineer
• Lighting Consultant
A diverse team ensures all aspects of development are addressed.
What are some regulatory agencies involved in the entitlement process?
• Health Department
• Fire Department
• Police Department
• School District
• Engineering
• County Survey
• Building Department
• Special Districts
These agencies provide essential reviews and approvals for safety and compliance.
Who does planning & zoning report to in a strong mayor-council government structure?
Mayor or City Manager
This structure centralizes authority in the executive branch.
In a council-manager government, who does the engineering staff report to?
City Manager
The council-manager structure emphasizes administrative efficiency.
True or False: The entitlement process fits into the overall site development process.
True
Understanding this fit is critical for effective project planning.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a public hearing conducted by the planning commission during the entitlement process.
[Public Hearing]
Public hearings provide transparency and community input.
What is the hierarchy of local government in Utah?
• Federal Government
• State Government
• County Government
• City Government
• Home Owners Association
This hierarchy influences governance and land use decisions.
What is the difference between a strong mayor and a weak mayor in local government?
A strong mayor has significant executive authority, while a weak mayor has limited powers and relies more on the council.
The structure affects decision-making and governance effectiveness.
What is a broad term for the various steps and approvals that a property owner must obtain before using the property?
Entitlements
Entitlements are necessary to ensure lawful usage of property.
How is a township numbered?
North or south from a base line and west or east of a principal meridian
A township is a six-mile square containing 23,040 acres.
What is the size of each township in acres?
23,040 acres
Each township is also equivalent to 36 square miles.
True or False: Condominium Property Regime (CPR) law regulates zoning and population density
It does not regulate density or zoning matters
Each county’s ordinances regulate these matters.
What documents are required to create a CPR?
Declaration, bylaws, condominium map, master deed or lease
These must be filed with the Bureau of Conveyance or Land Court.
What does the Real Estate Commission do regarding developer’s public reports?
Reviews supporting documentation and assesses material facts disclosure
The Commission does not approve or disapprove CPRs.
What is the primary goal of CC&Rs?
To protect, preserve, and enhance property values in the community
CC&Rs are maintained by the Home Owner’s Association (HOA).
Who drafts the CC&Rs?
An attorney at the direction of the declarant
The declarant establishes the HOA and its initial board.
What are the five types of contracts in construction?
Lump Sum, Unit Price, Cost Plus, Time and Materials, Guaranteed Maximum Price
Each type has its own characteristics and applications.
What is a Lump Sum Contract?
Fixed price for all work done on the project
Ideal for projects with a defined timeline and scope.
What is a key characteristic of a Unit Price Contract?
Prices out different categories based on tasks and materials
Allows easier evaluation and adjustment of costs.
What is a Cost Plus Contract?
Owner pays for all project expenses plus agreed-upon overhead and profit
Generally takes on more risk than the contractor.
What is a Time and Materials Contract?
Defines hourly or daily rates for the contractor
Owners pay any related project costs.
What is a Guaranteed Maximum Price Contract?
Establishes a final cost cap for the owner
Savings can be shared, and overruns are typically the contractor’s responsibility.
What is a pro of Lump Sum Contracts?
Clear expectation of the scope for builders/contractors
Owners avoid unexpected project costs.
What is a con of Lump Sum Contracts?
Can result in lost profit if the project goes over scope
Budget constraints may limit project outcomes.
What is a pro of Unit Price Contracts?
Transparency on costs by item and category
Easy to adjust prices when scope changes.
What is a con of Unit Price Contracts?
Difficult to define costs up front for large projects
Final cost isn’t defined in the beginning.
What is a pro of Cost Plus Contracts?
Reduces risks for the general contractor/builder
Project is more likely to be completed as planned.
What is a con of Cost Plus Contracts?
Project can go over scope if caps aren’t applied
Difficult to manage as it requires close tracking.
What is a pro of Time and Materials Contracts?
Project is more likely to be completed as planned
Easy to use for small projects.
What is a con of Time and Materials Contracts?
Difficult to know final cost upfront
Project can go over scope if caps are not applied.
What are the pros of Guaranteed Maximum Price Contracts?
Creates predictability for the owner and potential cost savings can be realized by the owner or/and the contractor/builder
Allows flexibility in cost allocation within the same category.
Cons of Guaranteed Max Price Contracts?
- Can go over budget if there are not sufficient contingencies
- Contractor/Builder only paid for the work performed
- Difficult to competitively bid
Missed deadlines and unforeseen expenses not passed on to owner.
Define value engineering.
A systematic and organized approach to providing the necessary functions in a project at the lowest cost.
What is the primary focus of value engineering?
The use, cost, esteem, and exchange values.
What is construction staking?
A method used to mark out the location of proposed construction on a site.
List three examples of wet utilities.
- Sanitary Sewer (SS)
- Water / Culinary Water (W or CW)
- Irrigation / Secondary Water (IRR)
Fill in the blank: The material used for storm pipe is primarily _______. And what color is it?
[HDPP (high density polypropylene smooth interior)]
Turquoise
What materials are commonly used for sewer pipes? Most important, what color is it?
- Clay
- Iron
- ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene)
- Orangeburg (wood-fiber)
GREEN
What is the definition of substantial completion?
The stage in the progress of the Work when the Work is sufficiently complete in accordance with the Contract Documents for the Owner to occupy or utilize it.
What does a certificate of occupancy verify?
It proves a structure is safe to inhabit and confirms compliance with zoning and building codes.
What are the three components typically included in a certificate of occupancy?
- Description of specific legal use and type of property
- Verification that the property is up to code
- Confirmation that the property is suitable to be occupied
Describe the owner’s role in the punch list process.
Inspect work, ask questions, list incomplete or improperly completed work, and hand off the punch list to the general contractor.
What is the purpose of as-builts?
Revised set of drawings submitted by a contractor upon completion reflecting changes made during the construction process.
List two types of dry utilities.
- GAS (G or GAS)
- POWER (PWR or ELEC)
What materials are used for culinary water pipes? Most important what color is it?
- Ductile Iron
- Steel Pipe
- Copper
- HDPE (high density polyethylene)
- PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
LIGHT BLUE
What is the role of the general contractor in the punch list process?
Examine the details, consult with the owner’s punch list, and make their own lists for subcontractors to address.
True or False: The contractor can charge the owner for missed deadlines and unforeseen logistic expenses under a Guaranteed Maximum Price Contract.
False
What materials are used for gas line/pipe? Most important, what color is it?
- Ductile Iron
- Steel Pipe
- Aluminum
- Copper
- PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
YELLOW
What is the significance of the term ‘limits of disturbance’ in construction?
Defines the area where construction activities are permitted and outlines boundaries for environmental protection.
What materials are used for power line/conduit? Most important, what color is it?
- Steel Pipe
- PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
RED
What is the role of subcontractors in the punch list process?
Address the requests from the punch list and ensure each line item is completed.
The operations process starts and ends with what?
Starts with entitlements and ends with a business license
What’s the difference between a condo and an apartment?
Condos are for purchase and apartments for rent
You can’t own an apartment with vertical change of ownership (dividing ownership of airspace)
