Final Exam Flashcards
What were the Aztec tribute lists?
The Aztec Empire emerged in the 14th c CE in Central America. They were a form of tax paid to the empire’s ruler. The lists consist of specific items the states conquered by the Aztecs would have to send to the ruler in order to remain under their protection.
Who was Chinggis Khan?
Also known as Genghis Khan, he ruled the Mongol Empire in Central Asia around late 12th c CE. He was known as the universal ruler. After his death in the mid 13th c CE, the empire’s rapid expansion came to a hault.
What were the different kinds of ships used in the Indian Ocean trade network?
The trade network started around 4th c BCE in Northeast Africa and West Asia. It would also migrate to East/Southeast Asia. Some of the different types of ships used were Dhows (Arabic) and Mtepe (Kiswahili) where they would utilize monsoon winds to travel as quickly as possible to not spoil goods.
What was the importance of the Srivijaya Empire in the Indian Ocean trade?
The Srivijaya Empire lasted from 7th-11th c CE in Southeast Asia. Ships passed through the straits of Malacca where the empire would tax them to protect from pirates. They also supported the spread of Buddhism.
What were the sources of the Great Zimbabwe’s wealth?
The Zimbabwe Empire was the first urbanized society in Southern Africa. It began in the 11th c CE. They would trade gold and ivory, and when elephants were killed, they were allowed to keep one tusk and the other was taxed by the king.
What were the Swahili city-states?
Trading in the Swahili city-states occurred in East Africa and Southeast Asia in the mid 13th century. There were around 40 of them that all shared cultural qualities but preferred to live separately. They were the middlemen in trade that dwelled on the coast.
How was trade conducted in the Trans-Saharan trade network?
It origins in the BCE/CE era between North and West Africa. To transport items, berbers, also known as “middlemen”, would ride camels from West Africa to North Africa. They would trade items such as gold, salt, kola nuts, and Islamic books.
What were the origins of Islam?
Islam originated in West Asia during the 7th c CE through the prophet Muhammad. He claimed God spoke to him through the angel Gabriel. He had revelations from God saying he’s a prophet, judgement day is coming, and that they should abandon false gods.
What are the Lalibela churches?
They developed in Ethiopia by the 4th c CE under the kingdom of Axum to practice Ethiopian Christianity. The churches were built into solid rock in the ground. They were also built in caves, some of which could only be accessed by rope.
What were the 2 main branches of Buddhism?
The 2 branches are Mahayana and Theravada, and they developed around 6th-7th c BCE. Mahayana is set in Central/East Asia, and Theravada is set in South/Southwest Asia. Mahayana views Buddha as god, but believes anyone can practice the religion whether they’re religious or not. Theravada sees Buddha as a guide, strictly enforce meditation, and believe that people must work for the religion.
What are the characteristics of the universal religions?
There are 3 universal religions: Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam. They all spread beyond their area of origin and were developed by different people at different times in different locations. They brought people of different backgrounds together and increased languages while also causing conflict because of force of religion and also discrimination.
Who was Siddhartha Gautama?
He lived in modern day Nepal during 6th c BCE. He lived a life of privilege and joy, and he left his palace one day to study why people suffer. He sat and meditated under the Bodhi tree and fell into a deep meditative state. When he woke, he became Buddha the enlightened one.
What were the origins of Zoroastrianism?
Zoroastrianism developed in Iran/Persia in 7th/6th c BCE through the Prophet Zoroaster. Historians aren’t sure he actually existed. It follows the struggle between good and evil and believes people have free will.
What are the practical aspects of Daoism?
Daoism began around 3rd/4th c BCE in China. They practiced acupuncture which believes chi flows throughout the body and they use small needles to poke certain areas to balance it. They also practice tai chi.
What was the ideology of the Qin Dynasty?
The Qin Dynasty began in 3rd c BCE in China. They has an influence of Legalism which led them to have harsh laws and punishment. They also suppressed Confucianism by burning libraries and scholars.
What is Confucianism?
The teachings of Confucius occurred during 6th/5th c BCE during the Zhou Dynasty. Confucius was the most influential religious figure in history. It romanticizes the past, emphasized social hierarchies, and believes in being a gentleman.
What was the significance of rationalism and humanism?
These ideologies began in Athens around 7th c BCE. Rationalism believed that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than religion or emotion. Humanism was a system of thought attaching prime importance to humans rather than divi
What are the characteristics of the new religions and philosophies?
They developed during the 1st millennium BCE in several different locations. They were polytheistic and focused on origin myth. There was also a close relationship between religion and political power.
