FINAL EXAM

Question 1

________ is produced by evaporation from a warm-water surface into the cool air above; often found over lakes and rivers.
Steam Fog, Advection Fog, Radiation Fog, Upslope Fog

Answer 1

Steam Fog

Question 2

Cirrostratus clouds form in the ________ regions of the troposphere.
Highest, Lowest, Middle, Fog Bank

Answer 2

Highest

Question 3

When warm, moist air moves over a cold surface, ________ fog may result.
Advection, Radiation, Upslope, Steam

Answer 3

Advection

Question 4

Relative to lower temperatures, high temperatures require ________ moisture to fully saturate the air.
Less, More, Same Amount, No.

Answer 4

More

Question 5

What unusual situation can occur in the absence of condensation nuclei?
Adiabatic Warming, a relative humidity of over 100%, cumulonimbus clouds, cirrostratus clouds.

Answer 5

a relative humidity of over 100%

Question 6

Clouds consist of ________.
Water droplets, ice droplets, either water droplets or ice particles, white-colored gases.

Answer 6

either water droplets or ice particles

Question 7

The cooling or warming of air that occurs because air is allowed to expand or is compressed, not because it is added or subtracted is called ________.
wet adiabatic rate, dry adiabatic rate, adiabatic temperature changes, sensible heat

Answer 7

adiabatic temperature changes

Question 8

How can condensation be triggered to form clouds or fog?
Add sufficient water vapor to the air so that it reaches saturation, heat the air to its dew point, remove sufficient water vapor from the air so that it reaches saturation, increase humidity.

Answer 8

Add sufficient water vapor to the air so that it reaches saturation

Question 9

Any open container having a consistent cross-sectional area throughout can be used as a ________.

Answer 9

Rain Gauge

Question 10

________ is an indication of how near the air is to saturation rather than the actual quantity of water vapor in the air.

Answer 10

Relative Humidity

Question 11

The term ________ is used to describe the conversion of a solid directly to a gas, without passing through the liquid state.

Answer 11

Sublimation

Question 12

Liquid water at temperatures below freezing is termed ________.

Answer 12

supercooled

Question 13

The change of state from a liquid to a gas is called ________.

Answer 13

Evaporation

Question 14

________ resists upward movement.

Answer 14

Stable Air

Question 15

Atmospheric ________ is the ultimate cause of weather.

Answer 15

instability

Question 16

The change of state from a gas to a liquid is called ________.

Answer 16

Condensation

Question 17

After the proper wet-bulb-measuring procedure, the two thermometers on a sling psychrometer yield the same temperature. This indicates that ________.

Answer 17

The air is saturated with water vapor.

Question 18

Unequal surface heating that causes localized pockets of air (thermals) to rise because of their buoyancy is termed ________.

Answer 18

Convective lifting.

Question 19

Which of the following is a cloud of vertical development?

Answer 19

Cumulonimbus

Question 20

________ occurs when warm air is forced up and over a mass of cooler air.

Answer 20

Frontal Wedging

Question 21

When elevated terrain such as a mountain range causes air to rise, this is called ________.

Answer 21

Orographic lifting

Question 22

________ forms when relatively humid air moves up a gradually sloping landform or the steep slopes of a mountain.

Answer 22

Upslope Fog

Question 23

When 10 calories of heat are absorbed by 1 gram of water, the molecules vibrate faster and the temperature ________.

Answer 23

Rises

Question 24

A wintertime form of precipitation that consists of small transparent or translucent ice particles is called ________.

Answer 24

Sleet

Question 25

Meteorologists refer to an imaginary volume of air enclosed in a thin elastic cover as a ________.

Answer 25

Parcel

Question 26

___ is a type of fog that forms in valleys at night.

Answer 26

Radiation Fog

Question 27

The most important process of cloud formation in the atmosphere is ________.

Answer 27

cooling by expansion of air

Question 28

________ is a cloud with its base at or very near the ground.

Answer 28

Fog

Question 29

________ clouds form sheets or layers that cover much of the sky.

Answer 29

Stratus

Question 30

The ________ is the temperature to which a parcel of air would need to be cooled in order to reach saturation.

Answer 30

dew point

Question 31

________ occurs when the wind pattern near Earth's surface is such that more air is entering an area than leaving.

Answer 31

Convergence

Question 32

________ is a kind of precipitation consisting of drops of water that fall from a cloud and have a diameter of at least 0.5 millimeter (0.02 inch).

Answer 32

Rain

Question 33

The theory that relates the formation of precipitation to supercooled clouds, freezing nuclei, and the different saturation levels of ice and liquid water is called ________.

Answer 33

The Bergeron Process

Question 34

When the environmental lapse rate is less than the wet adiabatic rate, ________ occurs.

Answer 34

absolute stability

Question 35

Dry adiabatic rate only refers to ________.

Answer 35

unsaturated air

Question 36

Which of the following is the best example of a hygroscopic nucleus?

Answer 36

sea salt

Question 37

Mixing ratio, relative humidity, and dew-point temperature are all ways of measuring the amount of ________ in the air.

Answer 37

water vapor

Question 38

A fire extinguisher containing compressed CO2 is used to put out a fire. In spite of being close to the flames, the firefighter notices a white layer of "frost" forming on the exterior of the fire extinguisher can. What's going on?

Answer 38

The gas in the extinguisher is expanding when released, cooling adiabatically.

Question 39

The ________ occurs when large cloud droplets (giants) collide and join together with smaller droplets to form raindrops.

Answer 39

collision-coalescence process

Question 40

________ are solid particles that serve as cores for the formation of ice crystals.

Answer 40

Freezing nuclei

Question 41

"Frost" buildup inside a household freezer is an example of ____.

Answer 41

Deposition

Question 42

Updrafts in cumulonimbus clouds may loft small particles of ice through the cloud, coating them and producing ________.

Answer 42

Hail

Question 43

Air that does not resist vertical displacement is called ________.

Answer 43

Unstable

Question 44

What two kinds of fog are the result of adding moisture to a layer of air?

Answer 44

Steam and Frontal