Final Exam Flashcards
Social psychology
the branch of psychology that deals with social interactions, including their origins and their effects on the individual
attribution theory
the model that explains how people perceive the causes of the events and behaviors. It helps people to understand why they or others act in a certain way
fundamental attribution error
a cognitive bias that causes people to attribute others’ behaviors to their personal characteristics, while underestimating the influence of external factors
cognitive dissonance theory
theory that explains the mental discomfort people feel when their thoughts and actions are inconsistent
conformity
the act of changing one’s beliefs, actions, or behaviors to match those of a group or to meet the standards of a social situation
normative conformity
a type of social influence that occurs when people change their behavior to fit in with a group, often to be accepted by others
Informational social influence conformity
a type of conformity where a person changes their behavior or opinion to align with the majority because they believe that the majority posseses accurate information, particularly in uncertain situations, essentially using others as a guide to determine the ‘correct’ response
Asch’s studies on conformity
obedience
milgram’s studies
social facilitation
social loafing
deindividuation
group polarization
groupthink
aggression
frustration-aggression principle
social scripts
ingredients for attraction
proximity
physical attractiveness
similarity
mere exposure effect
altruism
bystander effect
self-fulfilling prophecy
theory
a research-based explanation of human behavior that’s based on evidence and the scientific method
hypothesis
a testable prediction about the outcome of a study
correlation method
positive correlation
when one variable increases so does the other. if one decreases so does the other
negative correlation
if one variable increases the other decreases.
random assignment
experimental method
independent variable
dependent variable
main divisions of the nervous system
medulla
cerebellum
amygdala
hippocampus
corpus callosum
left cerebral hemisphere
right cerebral hemisphere
classical conditioning
US
UR
CS
CR
positive reinforcement
negative reinforcement
positive punishment
negative punishment
sensory memory
short term memory
long term memory
proactive interference
retroactive interference
motivated forgetting (repression)
memory construction
anxiety disorders
generalized anxiety disorder
panic disorder
phobias
OCD
Major depression
bipolar disorder
schizophrenia
Freud’s psychosexual stages: Oral
Freud’s psychosexual stages: Anal
Freud’s psychosexual stages: Phallic
Freud’s psychosexual stages: latency
Freud’s psychosexual stages: genital
regression
repression
reaction formation
projection
rationalization
displacement
defense mechanisms
Carl Roger’s self actualization
Carl Roger’s unconditional positive regard
psychoanalysis
client-centered therapy
cognitive therapy
behavior therapy
psychosurgery
ECT
Drug therapy
