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Sports Massage > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What are the 5 major applications of sport massage?

A

1.) Recovery ( enhance athletes physical and mental recovery)
2.) Remedial ( to improve a debilitating condition)
3.) rehabilitation ( to facilitate healing after injury)
4.) maintenance ( to enhance recovery)
5.) event ( help the athlete prepare or recover from specific event)

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2
Q

What are 3 types of sports massage?

A

1.) event massage ( pre, inter, post)
2.) maintenance/training massage
3.) tx/rehabilitation/injury massage

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3
Q

What is the difference between a maintenance and treatment based massage?

A

Maintenance: help to train at a higher level. Regular massage given in a clinical environment intended to minimize normal aches and pains associated with training

Treatment: administered when a specific injury has occurred with the intention of fascilitating the healing process to safely return to activity

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4
Q

What is type of massage/strokes would you do for
1.) pre event
2.) internal event
3.) post event

A

1.) pre event= very fast, stimulators, arrhythmic
2.) cool down from previous performance and prepare for the next
3.) help to relax and recoup= Rythm is slower then pre but still fast, emphasis on circulatory movements

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5
Q

The emphasis of event type sports massage techniques is in FIBER SPREADING TO CREATE A DURABLE___________ ( which enlarges the capillaries to render the tissues more pliable)

A

Hyperaemia

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6
Q

Besides out main techniques such as EFF, COMP, XX, JOSTL, TAP, ROM, what are some secondary tools you can use?

A

Hydrotherapy
Strengthening
Stretching
Joint mobs

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7
Q

What are absolute CI’s for sports mm?

A

1.) acute injury
2.) hematoma
3.) fractures
4.) signs of hypothermia
5.) systemic infection
6.) loss of sensation/movement
7.) severe distress ( nausea, pain, fever)

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8
Q

What are relative CI’s for Pre event massage?

A

1.) long sedating techniques
2.) no cross fiber frictions to O’s and I’s
3.) national class athletes find pre event mm a problem if unaccustomed

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9
Q

What are relative CI’s for post event massage?

A

Depth
Decrease rocking

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10
Q

What are some important HH to obtain with your athlete?

A

1.) surgery or medical procedures
2.) medications or supplements
3.) use of hydro
4.) therapeutic exercise activities
5.) other forms of physical therapy
6.) nutrition
7.) training protocols
8.) training types
9.) sleep patterns
10.) breathing patterns
11.) mood
12.) cognitive load
13.) competition schedule
14.) practice and training schedule
15.) previous MM experience

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11
Q

What questions should be asked with acute injuries?

A

Have you hurt this area before?
How did you hurt it?
Did you hear a sound?
Were you able to continue your activity?
/10 how was the pain and how long did it last?
Was there swelling? Where did it occur?

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12
Q

What questions should be asked with chronic injuries?

A

What is the nature of the injury?
How much does it hurt? Where does it hurt?
How do you describe the pain?
Does it hurt to touch?
Does it hurt when you move?
When does the pain occur?
What injuries have happened in the past?
What first aidd therapy, if any were received?
What medications?

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13
Q

What are your aims for pre event massage and what techniques would you implement to achieve these goals?

A

AIM:
1.) increase circulation
2.) prepare tissue for peak performance
3.) decrease athletes susceptibility to injury
4.) enhance flexibility
5.) promote nervous balance

TECHNIQUE
1.) circulatory: comp, eff
2.) mechanical: xx fiber
3.) stimulating: jostling, tap, rock
4.) mobility: PROM, joint mobility

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14
Q

How long should a pre event mm be?

A

No longer then 15 minutes leading up to event.
NO sedating techniques two hours prior to event.

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15
Q

What are your aims for a post event massage, what techniques would you use to achieve these goals?

A

AIM:
1.) normalize circulation
2.) decrease mm spasm
3.) reduce affects of DOMS
4. ) facilitate body recovery
5.) help identify new injury sites

TECHNIQUES:
1.) circulatory: depth is a precaution ( comp, eff, petrisage)
2.) Mechanical to lengthen and mobilize tissue: comp, stretch
3.) moves to support gradual lowering of nervous stimulation; jostling, shaking, rocking

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16
Q

How long should a post event massage be?

A

20-40 minutes
Usually administered 15 minutes to 3 hours after the event

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17
Q

Training can be divided into into 3 instinct phases. What are they?

A

1.) Conditioning ( preparation)= developing aerobic fitness strength and power
2.) Pre competition ( transitional)= switches from pure conditioning to mechanical work
3.) competition

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18
Q

What are some factors that can increase injury in athletes?

A

1.) poor sleep
2.) changeover from heavy pre season training to competition
3.) return to play after mid season pause
4.) increased training and competition
5.) change of coach
6.) change of climate

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19
Q

What are some factors that can increase injury in athletes?

A

1.) poor sleep
2.) changeover from heavy pre season training to competition
3.) return to play after mid season pause
4.) increased training and competition
5.) change of coach
6.) change of climate

20
Q

What are some ways to prevent overuse injuries?

A

1.) structure training programs
2.) technique modifications
3.) nutritional strategies
4.) modifying extrinsic risk factors ( shoes insole, sports equipment)
5.) managing load
6.) protective equipment

21
Q

What are some ways to prevent overuse injuries?

A

1.) structure training programs
2.) technique modifications
3.) nutritional strategies
4.) modifying extrinsic risk factors ( shoes insole, sports equipment)
5.) managing load
6.) protective equipment

22
Q

What does DOMS stand for?
What are the DO’s and DON’TS for this condition?

A

Delayed onset muscle soreness

DO’s:
Light aerobics recovery workouts ( swimming)
Light massage
Iuprofen
Ice bath after 12 hours post workout
Frequent light stretching to reduce stiffness
Extra sleep
Extra protein especially before bed
Self maintenance ( rolling with foam roller)

DON’TS
Speed, power, or strength work
High intensity aerobic interval work
Overstretch

23
Q

__________is a complex form of fatigue usually caused by increased training too much too soon. This is a big red flag and can lead to a state of overtraining.

If your athletes legs are not refreshed after a few days you need more______ and less______

A

Dead Heavy or Flat feeling muscles.
More:
Use of pool/swimming/light kicking
Self maintenance ( foam rolling)
Deep tissue massage
Compression garments
Elevate legs

Less:
aerobic workouts
Intensive workouts
Muscular endurance workouts
Alcohol
Anaerobic endurance

24
Q

______ is when you feel unmotivated with low energy.
You need more_____ and less_____

A

Overtraining fatigue.
More:
Nutritional intake
Social time with friends
Blood tests?
Fish oil
Stay off mobile devices before bed
Easy and short zone 1 aerobic workouts

Less:
Intensive workouts
Alchohol
Stress

25
Q

What are RED FLAG symptoms for your athlete?

A

1.) neck pain
2.) increased confusion or irritability
3.) repeated vomiting
4.) seizure or convulsion
5.) weakness in arms and legs
6.) tingling or burning in arms or legs
7.) deteriorating consciousness
8.) severe or increasing H/A
9.) unusual behaviour change
10.) double vision

26
Q

What is RED’S?

A

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport.
Syndrome refers to impaired physiological functioning caused by relative energy deficiency ( due to bone health, protein synthesis, menstrual function, impaired metabolic rate)

27
Q

Why is REDS more common in females?

A

Can develop when there is pressure to change eating habits especially in sports where there is an emphasis on appearance.
( dieting will impact metabolic rate, protein synthesis, overall health etc)

28
Q

What is the definition of a SPASM?

A

Relax contraction caused by trauma of the musculoskeletal system

29
Q

What does EAMC stand for?

A

Exercise associated muscle cramps

30
Q

What is the difference between a clonic or tonic muscle cramp?

A

Clonic: alternating contract/relax
Tonic: sustained tension or contraction

31
Q

What is the duration, cause, observation and tx for muscle cramps?

A

Duration: several seconds to minutes
Causes: muscle fatigue, metabolic imbalance
Observation: knot in belly of muscle can be seen or felt & contracts
Tx: compression

32
Q

What is the duration, cause, observation and TX for muscle spasm?

A

Duration: sustained over hours, days, weeks or months
Causes: injury, emotional stress, nutrition, mechanical strain
Observation: increased motor tone. May not feel tight to the athlete
TX: spasm protocol

33
Q

What is another term used for muscle soreness? What does it mean?

A

Acute onset muscle soreness.
Accompanies fatigue. The pain is transient and occurs during and immediately after exercise, caused by lack of o2 to muscles.

34
Q

ROM is defined as_______?

A

The full motion possible at a specific joint relative to the bones that articulate at that joint.
This is the joint range and muscle range
When moving a joint through all its range all structures are affected: muscles, joint surfaces, capsules, ligaments, fascia, vessels and nerves.

ROM is dependant upon the structure of the joints as well as the integrity and flexibility of the soft tissues that pass over the joints.

35
Q

What are the 3 types of ROM?

A

1.) Passive
2.) active assisted
3.) active

36
Q

Cis for ROM?

A

.Should not be done when motion is disruptive to the healing process.
. Make sure to stay within range, speed and patient tolerance during acute healing.
.should not be performed when condition is life threatening ( usually cardiovascular)

37
Q

What is PIR?

A

Post Isometric Relaxation.
Uses minimal isometric contraction followed by relaxation and gentle stretch. ( different from hold/relax contraction/relax)

38
Q

How do you perform PIR?

A

.The therapist slowly passively stretches the muscle to its barrier.
.Instruct the patient to gentle isometrically and submaximally contract the muscle against the therapists minimal resistance for up to 10 seconds .
. The client then relaxes mm
. Therapist then gently stretches muscle stopping at point of barrier ( NOT FORCED)

Process repeats 3-5 times

39
Q

What does PNF stand for?

A

Proprioreceptive Neuromuscular Faciliitation

40
Q

What does PNF entail?

A

Integrates active muscle contractions into stretching to inhibit or facilitate muscle activation to increase lengthening

41
Q

What are the 3 types of PNF muscle elongation?

A

1.) Hold-relax/contract-relax
2.) agonist contract
3.) Hold-relax with agonist contraction ( HRAC)

42
Q

What does HRAC Stand for?

A

Hold Relax Agonist Contract

43
Q

As RMT’s why would we include Therautic Exercise in our TX?

A

. It is a key element within a program that is designed to improve or restore an individuals function or prevent dysfunctions
. Many studies show that active care is necessary for maintenance of fitness and is the biggest factor in prevention/re-occurance of injury

44
Q

What are some types of therapeutic exercise?

A

1.) aerobic conditioning
2.) stretching
3.) postural control
4.) balance exercises/agiliity
5.) relaxation exercises
6.) breathing exercises
7.) neuromuscular control

45
Q

What are some physical impairments managed with therapeutic exercises?

A

1.) musculoskeletal pain
2.) muscle weakness
3.) faulty posture
4.) neuromuscular pain
5.) in coordination
6.) impaired balance
7.) restricted ROM
8.) decreased aerobic activity

46
Q

What important information is required to create an effective TE plan?

A

Cognitive state
Clients willingness to participate
Age
Physical ability
Injuries
Risk factors
Restrictions in joints/muscles
Loss of any functions
Medications

47
Q

How can you create an effective TE plan?

A

Keep it simple
Explain the importance
Get them to repeat the instructions

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