Final Exam

Question 1

Bible and reason.

Answer 1

The universe is also material and changeable. Is it therefore irrational to believe that if all individual material objects come into being at some point, the material universe itself has a creator. It takes faith to believe that our universal moral sensibility arise because we are created by a personal and moral God.

Question 2

Plato and ultimate reality.

Answer 2

The most profound realities exist beyond the physical world in the realm “world of being.” He referred to this as Forms The highest of these is a divine entity called the form of good. What we experience in our physical reality is at best the shadow of the forms. Our most direct access to the forms, and truth come through reason.

Question 3

Postmodernism and linguistics [How does postmodernism approach the nature of language].

Answer 3

Is a belief that identity is anchored in ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, or some other element. A feature is a strong feeling of being a social underdog. A appeal to truth that we should be able to agree on. They understand this as language about competition of power.

Question 4

Father of modern philosophy.

Answer 4

Descartes; He rejected the idea that we should immediately accept the truth as interpreted and propagated through any external source, and instead resolved to doubt everything until he found ideas that were utterly beyond doubt.

Question 5

Know the term epistemology

Answer 5

The difference between something’s reality and our knowledge of that reality.

Question 6

The case for moral relativism.

Answer 6

It has a natural outgrowth of atheism. Everything is permissible if there is no God Ignorance does not change reality “Each person is the measure of truth.” Individual perception Removes the line between “I know” and I perceive” Different perceptions have different truths

Question 7

Christianity and nationalism.

Answer 7

Religious nationalism equates political truths with revelation found in Holy texts or God’s will.

Question 8

Be familiar with the relationship between the arts and truth.

Answer 8

We cannot understand truth without art or imagination. Art is a form of praise to God. The imagination can get you where your reason hase build walls. It helps reach the world.

Question 9

Be able to explain the importance of biblical stories to humanity CHRISTIAN:

Answer 9

Ontological- story that defines all other. Our narratives find their origins in His glory.
Theological- gives them there content and goal. 1.Revealed word as archetypal story
2. revealed word as which captures the imagination to understand revealed eternal truths.

Question 10

Know the biblical concept of glory.

Answer 10

Glory of God is the meaning of all existence and it brings meaning to all existence.

Question 11

Necessity of stories and their affect on the imagination.

Answer 11

.

Question 12

Re-read the section entitled “The legitimacy of Preparation”.

Answer 12

When God calls people to a task, he also calls them to a time of preparation. The preparation time is as important as performance of the task Learning is a student’s calling

Question 13

Knowledge of God as one dimensional or multi-dimensional?

Answer 13

He is multi-dimensional He is everywhere, in anything, and is all vocations

Question 14

Where is the foundation of the individual located?

Answer 14

Foundation of an individual is found in the Trinity. Man as man in community

Question 15

The death of God proclamation.

Answer 15

Death of God proclamation is an article about how we as human’s beings are silencing God, killing his spirit, and fleeing from his voice because of our human nature. “Where has gone? I shall tell you, we killed him-you and I.”

Question 16

Freedom and fulfillment as a right.

Answer 16

Four cardinal virtues- prudence, courage, moderation, and justice. A person became free when he/she lived according to such a virtues freedom must become a carinal virtues.

Question 17

Know the potential problems of individualism.

Answer 17

Individualism is constructed on a flawed view of reality and is constructed on a flawed view of nature. It has a flawed view of freedom and achievement.

Question 18

Know the truths in individualism.

Answer 18

Individualism acknowledges the extent of our freedom and the responsibility that comes with freedoms. It affirms my need to make a difference. It recognizes the strength of chosen beliefs.

Question 19

Individualism and the Christian life.

Answer 19

My faith is between me and God. My religion is a personal thing. Its about you, not anyone else.

Question 20

Know the two distinct types of individualism.

Answer 20

Utilitarian: “American Dream” personal achievement, and material success; believes social good follows individual pursuit of personal interest. Express: Worships freedom to express uniqueness against constraints and conventions( because rules encourage conformity, they threaten personal expression.)

Question 21

Worldview as primarily cognitive or developed through story?

Answer 21

They are developed through stories.

Question 22

Difference between confessional and convictional beliefs

Answer 22

Confessional is our thoughts

Convictional is our actions

Question 23

What is necessary for one to have a congruent story?

Answer 23

That our confessional beliefs (ideas that remain on a intellectual level), and our convictional beliefs (beliefs that are reflected from our actions) are integrated. What we say we believe and what we actually do.

Question 24

Relationship between worldviews and desire.

Answer 24

World views are desire locators. One worlds view is directly linked to their heart. Their desires are exposed as that which drives us. Calvin “hearts are idol factories. Flesh is restless until it has obtained some figment like itself with which it may vainly solace itself as a representation of God.”

Question 25

What is a worldview?

Answer 25

Set beliefs one holds

Question 26

What constitutes a worldview (6 elements)?

Answer 26

Ideology (Core beliefs) 
Narrative (significant events) 
Norms (standard of some kind) 
Rituals (frequent ceremonial acts) 
Experience (awareness) 
Social element (social settings)

Question 27

S. Freud:

Answer 27

Founding father of psychology

Question 28

B.F. Skinner:

Answer 28

American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher, firm believer that human free will was an illusion, and human action was a result of consequence of same action.

Question 29

C. Rodgers:

Answer 29

American psychologist and one of the founder of humanistic approach to psychology

Question 30

Albert Camus:

Answer 30

French novelist and man of letters explored his belief that human condition is absurd.

Question 31

Karl Marx:

Answer 31

German social philosopher and revolutionary. A founder of modern socialism and communism Wrote communist manifest in 1848.

Question 32

Talmud:

Answer 32

“Learning” or “Instructions” Jewish oral law and accompanying rabbinical commentaries.

Question 33

Torah:

Answer 33

“Teachings” or “learning’s” Hebrew name for Pentateuch.

Question 34

Pentateuch

Answer 34

First 5 books of the bible.

1. Genesis
2. Exodus
3. Leviticus
4. Numbers
5. Deuteronomy

Question 35

Zionism:

Answer 35

An ideological movement that worked to establish the state of Israel.

Question 36

Hasidism:

Answer 36

Jewish movement in Poland in the 18th century by Boral Shem Tov. Means “pious one.”