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INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE > FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

It is practice of cultivating and farming animals, food and other life forms

A

AGRICULTURE

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2
Q

refers to all activities relating to the act or business of fishing, culturing and preserving

A

FISHERIES

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3
Q

is the farming of aquatic, organism, including fish, mollusks

A

AQUACULTURE

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4
Q

WHY IS AGRICULTURE IS IMPORTANT?

A
  1. supporting livelihood through food
  2. providing raw materials for food
  3. building strong economies through trade
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5
Q

WHY FISHERIES IMP

A

food
money
fun
culture
tourism
minerals
fuel

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6
Q

PRE HISTORIC

A

settled farming

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7
Q

ANCIENT AGE

A

roman gardens
hanging garde of babylon
egyptian garden

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8
Q

MEDIEVAL AGE

A

hortus
town gardens
japanese gardens
arabic gardens
monastic gardens

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9
Q

MODERN AGE

A

tropical gardens
english gardens
botanical gardens
french gardens
\indian gardens

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10
Q

CONTEMPORARY AGE

A

z farming
vertical foms
community gardens
allolment gardens

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11
Q

First fish fossils found

A

HOMO HABILIS

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12
Q

fishing at that time considered catching fish by hand

A

SUBSISTENCE

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12
Q

first fishermen

A

HOMO ERECTUS

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13
Q

STEPS FOR AGRICULTURE PRACTICES

A

preparation of soil
sowing
adding manure and fertilizers
irrigation
protection from weeds
harvesting
storage

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14
Q

Selecting appropriate crops based on factors such as climate, soil type, and market demand is crucial for success.

A

CROP SELECTION AND ROTATION

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14
Q

Healthy soil is essential for crop growth. Principles of soil management include maintaining proper soil pH,

A

SOIL MANAGEMENT

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15
Q

Proper planting techniques ensure optimal germination and plant establishment.

A

PLANTING AND SEEDING

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16
Q

Providing crops with essential nutrients is critical for growth and productivity.

A

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT

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17
Q

Principles include implementing irrigation systems to deliver water efficiently,

A

WATER MANAGEMENT

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18
Q

Principles of weed management include using cultural practices such as crop rotation and mulching, employing mechanical methods like tillage and hand weeding,

A

WEED MANAGEMENT

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19
Q

Pests and diseases can significantly impact crop health and yield. Integrated pest management (IPM) principles involve using a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical control methods

A

PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT

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20
Q

Sustainable crop production practices aim to minimize negative environmental impacts while maintaining productivity and profitability.

A

ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP

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20
Q

refers to process choosing suitable crops for cultivation

A

CROP SELECTION AND PLANNING

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21
Q

involves choosing types of crops

A

CROP SELECTION

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22
Q
A
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23
Q

FACTORS IN CROP SELECTION

A

Environmental condition
Market demand
Farm resoucers
Crop suitability and compatibility
Crop rotation and diversification

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24
Q

considerations such as climate, soil type, and water availability

A

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION

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25
Q

assessing market demand and trends help farmers

A

MARKET DEMAND

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26
Q

evaluating available resources such as land, labor, equipment

A

FARM RESOURCES

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27
Q
A
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28
Q
A
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29
Q

selecting crops that are well suited

A

CROP SUITABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY

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29
Q

FACTORS IN CROP PLANNING

A

Developing a planting schedule
Choosing crop varieites
Integrated pest management
Long term sustainability
Monitoring and adaptation

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29
Q

determining optimal timing

A

Developing a Planting Schedule

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29
Q

selecting appropriate crop varieties

A

Choosing Crop VARIETIES

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30
Q

involves systematic planting of different crops

A

CROP ROTATION

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30
Q

implementing crop rotation and diversifying crop portfoliuo

A

CROP ROTATION AND DIVERSIFICATION

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30
Q

developing detailed plan fo production

A

CROP PLANNING

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30
Q

involves growing variety different crops

A

CROP DIVERSIFICATION

30
Q

monitoring crop performance

A

MONITORING AND ADAPTATION

30
Q

are part of natural environmental system

A

PEST DISEASE MANAGEMENT

30
Q

incorporating practices that promote soil health

A

LONG TERM SUSTAINABILITY

30
Q

these sap sucking little devils form large colonies

30
Q

chewing, hungry caterpillar enjoys nothing more than munching leaves

A

CATERPILLAR

31
Q

practices to manage pests and disease

A

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

31
Q

a leaf miner is any one of numerous species of insects

A

LEAF MINER

31
Q

a red sap feeding mite that exists in colonies these tiny bugs strike on plant

A

SPIDER MITES

31
Q

whitering of terminal shoots dead hearts

A

FRUIT AND STEAM BORER

31
Q

chewinf porbably the gardeners most hated and hunted pests

A

SLUG AND SNAIL

32
Q

houseplant sap sucking insect leaves a honeydew residue on its victim

32
Q

treatmeants to deter any kind of pest

A

CHEMICAL PEST CONTROL

33
Q

use of natural enemies to control pests

A

BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL

33
Q

recent technological advances have allowed for alternative ways of dealing with pest problems

A

ELECTRONIC PEST CONTROL

33
Q

one of the oldest methods that has been in use

A

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PEST CONTROL

34
Q

is a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural physical and chemical tools.

A

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

35
Q

CONCEPTS OF IPM

A

Understanding the agriculture ecosystem
Planning of agricultural ecosystem
Cost benefit of pest damage
Leaving of pest residues
timing of treatments
Public understanding and sustainable

36
Q

Integrating different agricultural

A

Diversification

37
Q

Waste product from one component

A

Resource Cycling

38
Q

Promote biodiversity

A

Ecological Balance

39
Q

Internal resource

A

Reduced External Inputs

40
Q

Foundation of a productive IFS

A

Improved Soil Health

41
Q

Should be profitable

A

Economic Viability

42
Q

Holistic approach to agriculture

A

INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM

43
Q

Scientific system based on a set principles inspired by natural ecosystems

A

PERMACULTURE

44
Q

3 Processing Techniques

A
  1. PRIMARY PROCESSING
  2. SECONDARY PROCESSING
  3. OTHER IMPORTANT TECHNIQUES
45
Q

Initial stage

A

PRIMARY PROCESSING

46
Q

Removing dirt and debris

A

Cleaning and Washing

47
Q

Separating products

A

Sorting and Grading

48
Q

Removing outer layers of nuts

A

Shelling and Hulling

49
Q

Breaking down grains

A

Grinding and Milling

50
Q

Extracting liquids (Oils)

A

Pressing and Crushing

51
Q

Reduce moisture content

52
Q

Builds upon primary processing

A

Seckndary Processing

53
Q

Creating yogurt

A

Fermentation

54
Q

Destroying bacteria

A

Pasteurization and Sterilization

55
Q

Packaging food

A

Canning and Bottling

56
Q

Using smoke and salt

A

Smoking and Curing

57
Q

Tranforming raw ingredients

58
Q

Maintaing low temperature

A

Refrigerator and Freezing

59
Q

Regulates level of exygen

A

Controlled Atmosphere Storage

60
Q

Uses Ionizing radiation

A

Irradiation

61
Q

Final Product

62
Q

All about handling, storing and transporting

A

POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

63
Q

3 Parts of Planning and Preparation

A

1.Understanding you product
2 Proper Harvesting Techniques
3. Pre storage cinditioning

64
Q

Specific needs of crops

A

Understanding your product

65
Q

Careful harvesting method

A

Proper Harvesting Techniques

66
Q

Benefit from treatment

A

Pre storage conditioning

67
Q

3 Parts of Proper Handling And Storage

A
  1. Temperature and Huminity Control
  2. Sanitation and Hygiene
  3. Packaging
68
Q

Maintaining right temperature

A

Temperature and huminity Control

69
Q

Proper cleaning

A

Sanitation and Hygiene

70
Q

Choosing appropriate packaging

71
Q

2 parts of Storage Facilities

A
  1. Location
  2. Cleaning and Maintenance
72
Q

Store products in coold, dry

73
Q

Regularly clean and maintain storage

A

Cleaning and Maintenance

74
Q

3 parts of Additional Considerations

A
  1. Transportation
  2. Loss Minimization
  3. Sustainability
75
Q

Key Challenges

A
  1. Extreme weather events
  2. Water Scarcity
  3. Rising sea temperature
  4. Land degradation
  5. Emerging diseases and Pest
  6. Climate Change
  7. Small seize farmers and fisheries
  8. Increasing global population

INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE (1 decks)

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