Final Exam

Question 1

Domestic and feral cats: What is one of the primary ecological problems caused by domestic and feral cats?

Answer 1

one problem caused by domestic and feral cats is that they are the main killer of birds or mammals.

Question 2

Domestic and feral cats: What is one key weakness in the group’s plan to curb this problem?

Answer 2

I think the group’s plan can be more concise in how people can help make a difference.

Question 3

Spotted lanternflies: What is one of the primary problems caused by this species?

Answer 3

the species is liable for being toxic and promoting mold that is harmful to plants

Question 4

Spotted lanternflies: What is one key weakness in the group’s plan to curb this problem?

Answer 4

I think the plan can rely less on volunteers and other organizations. People need to be educated on the topic before putting in efforts.

Question 5

Asian carp: What is one of the primary problems caused by this species?

Answer 5

the species alters habitats while competing with other fishes for either food or habitats

Question 6

Asian carp: What is one key weakness in the group’s plan to curb this problem?

Answer 6

the fish can not be relied as a food sources. luring over more fish will only promote to produce more of the carp fish even though they are invasive species

Question 7

Agriculture lecture: describe what makes traditional shifting agriculture a sustainable form of agriculture.

Answer 7

-preserves soil fertility by the field

Question 8

Agriculture lecture: how does a polyculture tend to lead to more efficient use of nutrients than a monoculture?

Answer 8

multiple crops species are in the same field and reduce risks

Question 9

Agriculture lecture: describe how deep digging can lead to less need for weeding or herbicides

Answer 9

-decreases erosion, weeds, and increases yield per hectare

Question 10

Agriculture lecture: describe in general terms where the nitrogen in green manure comes from

Answer 10

it comes from legume crops and it can be used as green fertilizer

Question 11

Agriculture lecture: explain why field monitoring is such an important component of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

Answer 11

it helps remove the possibility of having pesticides or the wrong type of pesticides

Question 12

Landscaping: describe one of the steps that is part of implementing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) for ticks on residential properties

Answer 12

Monitor : ticks drags with cheese cloth. The ticks will get drag in the cloth and be demolished. This would minimize the use of herbicides and pesticides

Question 13

Landscaping: what is meant by drip irrigation?

Answer 13

a technique system that requires less water by allowing water to drip into the roots of plants. This saves the amount of water

Question 14

Landscaping: what is the risk for grass that is associated with watering lawns in the evening

Answer 14

excess water will still remain on the grass then this can cause diseases to grow

Question 15

Landscaping: what are the two different major advantages of keeping grass height fairly high

Answer 15

-shades the soil
-provides more nutrients

Question 16

Native Wildflower Meadows: State one specific detail about the steps that was mentioned in the lecture about establishing the native wildflower meadow

Answer 16

1. remove turf:
2. add compost:
3. Rototill:
4. Spread seeds
5. Walk a lawn-roller over the site:

Question 17

Water: define the term “ecological peak water”

Answer 17

the point where so much water is being redirected from the environment for human use

Question 18

Water: why is it important to dilute the discharge of desalination plants before it is discharged out into the ocean?

Answer 18

its important because the plant may have pollutants that can cause damage to the marine population

Question 19

Water: define the term “watershed”

Answer 19

an area of land that channels water into streams of water such as lakes or rivers

Question 20

Water: define the term “Integrated Watershed Management”

Answer 20

the method of managing human led activities and the use of natural resources on water basis

Question 21

Fisheries: how does eutrophication often lead to oxygen depletion?

Answer 21

dead algae decomposes and then oxygen is consumed. This results in low levels of oxygen in the water

Question 22

Fisheries: what is meant by the term “fishing down the food web”?

Answer 22

declining of tropic level of fisheries and leads to a decrease in food chain

Question 23

Fisheries: why does long-line fishing tend to lead to so much more “bycatch” than purse seine fishing

Answer 23

long line fishing: any fish can be caught

Seine fishing: large amounts of are netted and caught

Question 24

Fisheries: what is meant by the term “maximum sustainable yield” (MSY), and state one major reason that makes it difficult to determine the MSY for fisheries

Answer 24

-the largest catch that is apart of the carrying capacity
-taking into account the fish deaths and fisheries growth

Question 25

Fisheries: what is meant by Marine Protected Areas serving as “seed sources”?

Answer 25

-meaning to protect the breeding of fish areas while being able to allow repopulation those fish without causing depletion

Question 26

Conservation Ecology: in which major biome does the available data suggest that habitat change is actually trending toward having less of an impact in recent times and into the near future than in the past

Answer 26

wetlands

Question 27

Conservation Ecology: why did plant species richness decline so dramatically in 2004 in the treatment plots where the rainy season was experimentally extended

Answer 27

-increase in rainfall and soil got disturbed due to rainfall

Question 28

Conservation Ecology: explain why wildlife populations with low genetic diversity are less likely to adapt to change than wildlife populations with high genetic diversity

Answer 28

-if species have low genetic diversity then they cannot evolve if the climate is altering

Question 29

Conservation Ecology: what makes species that are dietary specialists so vulnerable to extinction

Answer 29

-this means that they have no alternative to foods which will increase their likelihood of becoming extinct

Question 30

Conservation Ecology: what does the shape of the blue curve tell us about how money that is used for conservation science and conservation efforts tends to be spent

Answer 30

it shows that money is not being used in a useful manner in order to cover costs

Question 31

Conservation Ecology at Ecosystem/Landscape Scales: describe an example that illustrates how an ecosystem service (of your choice) is not accounted for by market transactions in our economic system

Answer 31

Supporting ecosystem services: these are connected to habitat functionality. It includes primary production, soil formation, etc

This connects to the basis of our ecosystem while supporting ourselves.

Question 32

Conservation Ecology at Ecosystem/Landscape Scales: what is one major conservation advantage to having habitat corridors that connect different wildlife reserves?

Answer 32

Wildlife crossings: habitat connectivity
Reserves habitats while making it safe

Question 33

Conservation Ecology at Ecosystem/Landscape Scales: what is one potential conservation disadvantage to having habitat corridors that connect different wildlife reserves?

Answer 33

the difficulty of managing and protecting the habitat

Question 34

Conservation Ecology at Ecosystem/Landscape Scales: give the most important reason that forests in our region tend to be much more resilient to long-term disturbances than forests in most of the Amazon basin of South America

Answer 34

the trees are more pure in terms of them growing naturally after being cut

Question 35

Conservation Ecology at Ecosystem/Landscape Scales: explain the argument that the landfill could be an ecological trap for the birds that use it as a stopover site during migration

Answer 35

these birds are not receiving the right nutrients at landfills

Question 36

Conservation Ecology at Ecosystem/Landscape Scales: explain why Professor W. suggested that the argument that you just described many not hold true

Answer 36

My argument is true because birds usually will stop at landfill if they see food waste, but it is not unusual for them not to

Question 37

Questions about Stewardship: describe one of your technical details that you learned in this class that can be instrumental for more sustainable use of a natural resource

Answer 37

Stewardship about Water management: if we have better ways of a managing our water for natural resources then we can address the ecological problems in our world.

Question 38

Questions about Stewardship: briefly address a common theme that came up on a multiple occasions in this course that is critical for the sustainable use of a variety of natural resources. (Include at least 2 different natural resources to illustrate your point)

Answer 38

Businesses and Regulations taking accountability for ensuring that our world is not overconsuming products. And having people educating on these current issues so they have a better understanding of how to be a healthy consumer. And if we preserve our resources then we can have a long lasting life.