Final exam Flashcards
Wealth inequality by race
Due to housing discrimination - wealth is the total of assets which includes house. Wealth gap increased
criminal justice system
Majority of drug users are white, but 75 percent of those imprisoned for drug charges are Black/Hispanic Americans
Trafficking is everywhere, but police target low income
Rationalized by colorblind rhetoric
Unable to escape the labeling of felony
push-pull factors
Forces that encourage migration.
Pull - inducements to seek better
Push - discouragement of remaining
Bracero program
A temporary worker program for mexican agricultural workers to enter to work and then leave post harvest
Chicano power
United Farm Workers, Advocacy for better wages and working conditions for migrant laborers
Mexicans
Highest immigration and birth rate
Second highest poverty rate
mexicans no longer a majority for unauthorized immigrants
Cubans
4th largest population
Third highest poverty rate
Immigration since 1960 – Cuban revolution, displaced bourgeoise
1980s: lower and working class
Positive SES indicators
Puerto Ricans
Second largest population
First highest poverty rate
Forced Americanization
Shuttle migration - back and forth between home and US
1946-1964 was greatest migration period
The Latino paradox
a finding that most hispanics are more healthy than most white americans despite having less
soujourner
Immigrant who comes to work and then hopes to go back
The Yellow Peril
racist metaphor that depicts Chinese as a threat to the Western world
Chinese Exclusion act
the first
human embargo by the
U.S. government toward a
particular “race” of
immigrants
Koreans
West Coast about 40-60 years post 1850
large scale immigration post Korean war
highest self employment rate
human, economic & social capital
Vietnamese
Involuntary immigration (Vietnam war) - Refugees
lower SES, higher poverty and unemployment
adjustment problems (scattered throughout us, viet prioritizes community)
Refugees
Someone unable/unwilling to return to their native country out of fear of persecution
Model minority stereotype
minority groups that have achieved high success in American society – obscures heterogeneity, justifies racial inequality, pits racial groups against each other, treats asians as a race apart
Los Angeles riots
multiracial riots -
Korean merchants
as a middleman
minority
characteristics of Arab and Middle eastern immigration historical
1870s-WWII: mostly from Lebanon, Christian, migration caused by poverty and religious persecution
- low SES
- not politically involved in the U.S.
- sojourners and middleman minority
- homeland orientation; avoidance of contact with Americans
- Assimilation trends after WWI
Looking glass self
the process wherein individuals base their sense of self on how they believe others view them
double consciousness
Being Black and American at the same time – a contradictory experience. blackness as constructed through the eyes of white America
Alien Land Law (1913)
Restriction of the acquisition of land by Asian
immigrant groups (on condition of U.S. citizenship
as a requisite)
Immigration Act of 1917
Barred immigration from Asian-Pacific
Johnson Reed Act
federal law that prevented immigration from Asia and set quotas on the number of immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe
McCarran-Walter Act
End of racial requirements to US citizenship
Hart-Celler Act
eliminated the restrictive nationality-based immigration quotas
1) professional immigrants; 2)
family reunification
resulted in diversification of immigrant origin populations
Chinese
the first Asian group to come to
Hawaii in the 1830s; further migration to the U.S. in the 1850s
Filipinos
2/3 in medicine post 1965 immigration
Japanese American incarceration
imprisoned for sake of national security
racial justification
response to public and political pressure
The Veil
metaphor for racial division – divide between blacks and whites
characteristics of Arab and Middle eastern immigration present
WWII-present: more diverse origin countries, Christian AND muslim, migration due to political instability and wars
Intermarriage trends
Asian + Hispanics more likely to intermarry with a spouse of a different race – higher among youth and US born
Challenges the rigid binary system
Immigration issues
Attitudes toward Mexican immigrations (Criminals, foreigners, stealers of jobs) being put into immigration laws
Assimilation issues
Struggling to make ends meet, discrimination, limited english proficiency, noncitizens
Indicators of assimilation
highest median family income, lowest poverty rate, naturalization, high intermarriage
