Final Exam

Question 1

list Bruscia’s 6 areas of practice

Answer 1

didactic, recreational, healing, medical, psychotherapeutic, ecological

Question 2

didactic

Answer 2

educational, learning, skill-building

Question 3

recreational

Answer 3

play, joy, fun

Question 4

healing

Answer 4

restoring wellness, harmony, and balance; achieving personal well-being

Question 5

medical

Answer 5

treating or reducing primary or secondary medical concerns/symptoms

Question 6

psychotherapeutic

Answer 6

growth through reconciling conscious and unconscious forces

Question 7

ecological

Answer 7

larger environment, interconnected systems, client in context

Question 8

list the different levels of practice

Answer 8

auxiliary, augmentative, intensive, primary

Question 9

auxiliary

Answer 9

beneficial but not targeting the client’s immediate needs/concerns

Question 10

augmentative

Answer 10

enhancing the efforts of other treatment modalities

Question 11

intensive

Answer 11

significant role in addressing the client’s primary health needs/goals

Question 12

primary

Answer 12

indispensable/singular role in addressing the client’s health needs/goals

Question 13

three components of mental health

Answer 13

environment, relationships, biology

Question 14

psychological resilience

Answer 14

internal capacity for moving through or overcoming hardship

Question 15

role of music therapy in addressing mental health concerns

Answer 15

to provide an experience of consistency, reliability, structure, and boundary; to provide opportunities for primarily non-verbal communication, play, and relating; to provide an experience of transformed interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships through shared musical play

Question 16

common support needs of older adult clients

Answer 16

physical decline, cognitive decline, loss of identity, isolation/loneliness, legacy

Question 17

cognitive reserve

Answer 17

rich and varied learning experiences create abundant and strong neural connections, which provide resistance to cognitive decline (the brain can afford to lose neural connections)

Question 18

acoustic cueing

Answer 18

using music rather than verbal direction to elicit a response

Question 19

arousal regulation

Answer 19

regulating intensity of emotions

Question 20

NMT

Answer 20

neurologic music therapy - a system of standardized clinical techniques that is driven by the brain’s response to music; focuses on motor, cognitive, and communication goals

Question 21

R-SMM

Answer 21

rational scientific mediating model - central tenet of NMT; scientific basis of music therapy is grounded in neurological, physiological, and psychological foundations of music perception and production and the influence of music on non-musical brain and behavior function

Question 22

four steps in developing an NMT protocol

Answer 22

musical response models; nonmusical parallel models; mediating models; clinical research models

Question 23

RAS

Answer 23

rhythmic auditory stimulation - utilizes rhythmic entrainment to prompt biologically rhythmic movements, such as (and most prominently) gait

Question 24

RSC

Answer 24

rhythmic speech cueing - using rhythmic cueing to control speech (initiation and rate)

Question 25

TIMP

Answer 25

therapeutic instrumental music performance - playing of musical instruments to exercise and stimulate functional movement patterns

Question 26

common areas of focus for music therapy in medical settings

Answer 26

pain management - distraction using preferred music, music-assisted active relaxation; stimulation - instruments with high sensory feedback, learning new skills; sedation - guided imagery, using music to mask distressing sensory information; procedural support - distraction

Question 27

three phases of recovery in addictions treatment

Answer 27

detoxification - symptom management; rehabilitation - psychoeducation, development of healthy coping skills, personal care; relapse prevention

Question 28

treatment goals for music therapy in addictions treatment

Answer 28

education of addictive process, development of social support network, physiological effects of addiction

Question 29

central tenets of psychodynamic approach

Answer 29

human functioning is based on the interaction of drives and forces within a person, with a focus on the unconscious

Question 30

object relations theory

Answer 30

our early childhood attachments affect our later relationships

Question 31

trauma

Question 32

three different types of trauma

Answer 32

acute - one event/occurrence; chronic - repeated exposure to trauma-inducing events; generational - trauma that extends through multiple generations

Question 33

goals of trauma-informed care

Answer 33

recognize widespread nature of trauma; recognize signs and symptoms of trauma; respond by integrating knowledge about trauma into policies, procedures, and practices; seek to actively resist re-traumatization

Question 34

6 guiding principles of trauma-informed care

Answer 34

safety; trustworthiness and transparency; peer support; collaboration and mutuality; empowerment, voice, and choice; cultural, historical, and gender issues

Question 35

3 goals of feminist music therapy

Answer 35

assisting clients in trusting their own experiences and intuition, enabling clients to appreciate female-related values; encouraging women to take care of themselves

Question 36

anticipatory grief

Answer 36

grieving a loss before it actually occurs

Question 37

Worden’s 4 tasks for those experiencing grief

Answer 37

accepting the reality of the loss, experiencing the pain of grief, adjusting to the environment in which the deceased is missing, withdrawing emotional energy from the deceased and reinvesting it into new relationships without guilt

Question 38

factors that impact the grieving process

Answer 38

expectation, support system, level of relationship, age of deceased

Question 39

steps of VINE

Answer 39

validation, identification, normalization, expression