Final Exam Flashcards
What is the relationship between age & anxiety in the elderly?
As age increases, the rate of anxiety disorders increases.
Symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder typically appear before the age of:
3
To treat his conduct disorder, Kennedy attends therapy sessions with other children who also have conduct disorder. The group sessions focus on strategies to help effectively manage their anger, solve problems, & develop social skills. What is Kennedy participating in?
the coping power program
What is the DSM-5-TR disorder that describes children patterns of severe rage
disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
What behavior suggests that a child has autism spectrum disorder?
The child is not responsive to other people
Research suggests that the physiological needs of children who have been abused should be addressed:
as early as possible
What led to the introduction of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder as a diagnostic category in the DSM-5?
the belief that too many children were being diagnosed with bipolar disorder
Most elderly people with schizophrenia were initially diagnosed & treated for it:
when they were much younger
Most weekday mornings, Alexsander argues with his parents & refuses to get up & get ready for school. This causes him to be absent several days a week. Even though his parents have rules limiting the amount of time he spends watching television and playing video games, he blatantly disregards the rules. He refuses to do chores, and commonly throws temper tantrums to get his way. He is not physically aggressive. This behavior has been going on for nine months. Alexsander’s symptoms are MOST consistent with:
oppositional defiant disorder
Someone who repeatedly defecates in his or her clothes involuntarily would be said to have:
encopresis
A young child displays an intellectual (ID). His health care provider determines the causes of overexposure to lead. The lead exposure is an example of what kind of biological cause of ID?
childhood problems
A 65-year old in very good health typically will experience occasional:
memory difficulties
A disorder that has significant cognitive deterioration, dementia, has been reclassified as:
neurocognitive disorder
Rebecca is 68 years old and has just been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. This disorder is most likely:
GAD
In addition to having an IQ score of approximately ____ or below, to be diagnosed with intellectual disability, a person must have poor adaptive behavior.
70
Among the most important brain structures in short-term memory formation is the:
prefrontal cortex
A childhood disorder marked by repeated involuntary bedwetting or wetting of one’s clothes is known as:
enuresis
A child displays normal behavior & intelligence, but she does not seem to be able to explain her actions & intentions as well as you would expect. If the deficit is severe enough, she might be diagnosed with:
a language disorder
When a child with autism spectrum disorder jumps, flaps his arms, twists his hands & fingers, and makes unusual faces, the child is engaging in:
Self-stimulatory behavior
Drugs used to treat Alzheimer’s disease affect to NT in the brain: is glutamate and:
acetylcholine
Among elderly persons who would benefit from mental health services MOST:
do not get the treatment they need
In the last 24 hours Rudy has suddenly begun having great difficultly concentrating & thinking in an organized way. He is confused about where he is and he is experiencing hallucinations. What is most likely happening with Rudy?
he is experiencing delirium
What age is part of the fastest-growing age group in most countries?
85 years old
Dawna begins to exhibit symptoms of schizophrenia at the age of 70. This diagnoses is:
uncommon. It’s unusual for new cases of schizophrenia to develop later in life.
_____ is an inherited progressive disease in which memory problems worsen over time, and the person develops personality changes, mood difficulties, and movement problems such as severe twitching and spasms
Huntington’s disease
At home, abigail has always been very talkative with her siblings and parents. However, when she went out in public she was a bit more standoffish and would not talk with others. Her parents weren’t concerned until she started preschool. She has been in school for 4 months and still hasn’t spoken to her teacher or classmates. What is Abigail displaying signs of:
selective mutism
Winnie, who has intellectual disability, goes to school with other children her age, most of the children and her class do not have a disability when he’s placement is referred to as
mainstreaming
A 67-year-old woman has just started using social media and messaging apps to keep up with friends and family when compared with others her age, her behaviors are
very uncommon because elderly individuals rarely understand how to use internet
A child has repeatedly engaged in shoplifting, and and hitting neighborhood pets with rocks. The child frequently is aggressive, and has engaged and increasing number of fights the most appropriate diagnosis for this child is.
conduct disorder
Attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder is more common in _______ than in _____
males; females
Yuri starts drinking heavily after the death of his wife, who he was married to for 58 years. What kind of substance abuse would this be called?
late-onset alcoholism
What usually causes intellectual deficits among the elderly
cerebrovascular disease
Elsa is an individual with Alzheimer’s disease who is able to function independently the most appropriate label for her condition is
mild neurocognitive disorder
Hormonal changes, life demand, and body dissatisfaction are all possible reasons that explain why
postpubertal girls have higher rates of depression than postpubertal boys
Nadia has been taking her Vicodin whenever she’s in pain sometimes as often as every two hours even though Harper prescription says every 4 to 6 hours this kind of misuse, a prescription am among the elderly is
most often unintentional
The COVID-19 pandemic had especially great psychological effects on people over 65. These effects included higher rates of all of the following, except.
Devante does not follow what the teacher is doing and has difficulty focusing on the task at hand. His behavior in class is disruptive because he cannot sit still which leads to poor grades in school. These symptoms most likely indicate.
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
An elderly person who develops false beliefs that are not bizarre is most likely suffering from
delusional disorder
What does theory of mind refer to?
an awareness that other people base their behaviors on their own beliefs, intentions, and other mental states
During autopsies of individuals who have died from Alzheimer’s disease, twisted protein fibers, have been found within the cells of the _____, which affects memory, as well as other areas of the brain
hippocampus
The symptoms of vascular neurocognitive disorder
begin suddenly
Ned is extremely sad and has difficulty sleeping. He also experiences very low self-esteem. That seems to be sadly getting even lower these are features of.
depression
Among the elderly there is a positive correlation between
depression and mortality rate
Which area of psychology focuses on the mental health of the elderly
geropsychology
The metabolic disorder most commonly causes intellectual disability is
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Erica has moderate intellectual disability. She also has a smaller than a flat face and high cheekbones. Her condition is most likely.
downsyndrome
What is the most effective ADHD treatment program?
drugs, combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy, work best
An 80 year-old hospitalized individual is recovering from surgery, but now has gotten an infection of the course of a few days. The person shows increasing confusion and consistently misinterprets what others are trying to communicate to her. the most probable diagnosis for this condition is
delirium
What does it mean to say that intelligence test are culturally biased?
Social class plays a big part in how children test// IQ tests on things learned, but not “street smarts”
What are some of the specific symptoms associated with dyslexia?
an impairment in the ability to recognize words and comprehend what is being read
The ____ variable is manipulated in an experiment to determine whether it has an effect on another variable
independent
Multicultural theorist would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as most likely due to
social factors leading to stress
The television, a person watches, the lower that person’s grade in school are likely to be this statement indicates an ________ correlation between hours, watching TV and grades
negative
The theoretical orientation of a person conducting and psychological assessment affect the
range & scope of the assessment
The most legitimate criticism of intelligence concerns their
cultural fairness
Freud believed that all functioning normal, and abnormal originates from
unconscious psychological processes
To decide about participating in psychological research, they must be given full knowledge of the nature of the study in their rights. This principal is called.
informed consent
Assessment tool, such as a depression, severity rating scale are used to provide which kind of information for making a diagnosis
dimensional
Joni has social anxiety whenever she has to attend a party she speaks to people she knows well according to the cognitive behavioral model this is an example of _______ behavior
avoidance
The model of abnormality that pays particular attention to a client’s family structure, societal norms, and a client’s roles in society is:
sociocultural model
It is thought that people in prehistoric societies believed, abnormal behavior resulted from
evil spirits that invaded the body
A therapist listens carefully to a client, and then attempts to show accurate empathy and genuineness. The hope is that the client will engage in self examination with acceptance and honesty. Most likely this therapist is a ______ therapist
humanisitc
Understanding a persons, unconscious processes is critical, and explaining abnormality which model of abnormality does this quote most closely represent
psychodynamic
A focus of many community mental health program is
prevention
Which form of therapy helps clients recognize errors and logic and tryout. New interpretations of events.
cognitive
Which is a goal of acceptance and commitment therapy
mindfulness based behavioral therapy that challenges the ground rules of most Western psychology
Which model of abnormality sites physical processes as being the key to behavior
biological model
Fiona’s therapist has asked her to keep a log where she records every occasion where she feels an urge to engage in self harm. What Fiona has been asked to do is called.
self-monitoring
Which condition is not a factor that places significant stress on individuals and underrepresented groups?
increased educational opportunities
Which is not one of the four Ds of abnormality
Compare with correlational studies, case studies:
case studies are richer in detail
Three-year-old Jessica watches a car repair, show on television and then goes into her playroom to “fix a car”. This is an example of.
modeling
Which type of assessment would be used to assess unconscious drives and conflicts that may be at the root of abnormal functioning
projective
The assessment instrument most likely to be used to detect, subtle brain abnormalities is the
neuropsychological test
A therapist preferred method of assessing abnormal behavior is to watch clients in every day environments and record their activities and behaviors. This approach is known as.
naturalistic observation
In treating a person with social anxiety, the therapist challenges, the person reported fears about being out in public, and simultaneously works to reduce avoidance behaviors on the part of the client. This therapist is practicing _______ therapy
cognitive behavioral
Humanistic psychologist, focused attention on the importance of peoples
potential for healthy growth
A ________ test is one that has been set up with common steps to be followed, whenever it is administered
standardized
