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SHS 271 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Off-topic verbosity is attributed to decline or impairment in the:

A

Frontal lobe

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2
Q

A patient with sever Alzheimer’s disease suddenly speaks coherently and sensibly for a brief moment before becoming silent again. This is an example of a moment of:

A

Lucidity

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3
Q

Which of the following sentences would likely be most difficult for a normally aging individual to understand:
A - The long river and large lake were both surrounded by forests of pine trees, rolling green hills, and fields of flowers.
B - The river was very long
C - The river that was often swollen with rain during the fall flowed through the forest and emptied into a large lake.
D - The river flowed through the forest and emptied into a large lake.
E - The river was both long and wide.

A

C - The river that was often swollen with rain during the fall flowed through the forest and emptied into a large lake.

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4
Q

According to Sabat (1999), the process of supporting someone with Alzheimer’s disease by asking questions, clarifying, or restating to confirm understanding is called:

A

Indirect repair

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5
Q

What does the “tip of my tongue” experience illustrate about problems with name recall?

A

They are an issue of retrieval

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6
Q

One thing that doesn’t show substantial impairment in Alzheimer’s patients, even when other areas of communication are showing significant problems, is:

A

Syntax

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7
Q

The loss of high frequency hearing that occurs with normal aging is called:

A

Presbycusis

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8
Q

Communication exchanges in which the different group memberships of each individual involved becomes important, is a type of:

A

Intergroup communication

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9
Q

Indirect repair is more effective at facilitating communication in older adults with Alzheimer’s disease than direct repair is.

A

True

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10
Q

Select two of the following arguments for why we should focus on positive aspects of communication in older adults rather than decline.
A - The problems often attributed to aging may actually be a direct result of negative attitudes about older adults.
B - Attitudes in society about aging are largely positive.
C - Research has overwhelmingly focused on the positive impact of aging.
D - Many negative issues only begin after age 80.
E - Older adults have very few opportunities to communicate with others.

A

A - The problems often attributed to aging may actually be a direct result of negative attitudes about older adults.
D - Many negative issues only begin after age 80.

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11
Q

Which of the following is the most established advocacy group for older people in the USA?

A

American Association for Retired Persons (AARP)

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12
Q

A friendly young college student helps out at a local nursing home once a week. He enjoys visiting the older adults who live there. They’re lonely and hve various disabilities. He likes to help them but his conversations always feel pretty awkward and unnatural.
This is an example of which type of intergenerational communication schema?

A

Sympathy and helping ICS

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13
Q

I just read a story about a 78-year old woman who changed her diet and lost nearly 100 pounds and came off many of her medications, including her insulin for diabetes, after suffering a heart attack and other negative health outcomes. Which myth og aging is this older adult defying?

A

The hourse is out of the barn

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14
Q

Jim is really enjoying his retirement and all the free time he now has for himself. He plays gold three times a week and meets another group of friends for coffe at least 4 mornings a week. He tries to go on 2-3 cruises a year and enjoys traveling to Colorado and Texas to visit his grandchildren as much as he can.
According to Social Identity Theory, which term best describes how jim is coping with his identity as an older adult?

A

Social creativity

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15
Q

According to Williams at al (2009) in your textbook, older people with dementia who receive patronizing talk from caregivers tend to:

A

Resist care

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16
Q

If I talk to an older person as if they are deaf based solely on stereotypes about older people and hearing loss, I am probably being:

A

Over-accommodative

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17
Q

Painful self-disclosure (PSD) is a type of under-accommodation that older speakers may do when speaking to younger listeners. Select the best description of PSD.
A - The older adult becomes very shy and doesn’t like to speak to younger people.
B - The older adult asks the younger person a lot of questions and is very interested in their life goals.
C - The older adult experiences a lot of physical pain when speaking.
D - The older adult shares too much intimate information

A

D - The older adult shares too much intimate information

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18
Q

Jasper is taking his date home from the movies. In the movie theater parking lot, he tries multiple times to unlock a car before discovering that he has been trying to unlock a similar-looking car that isn’t his. Jasper quickyl tells his date, “I just bought a new car, I guess I haven’t quite learned exactly what it looks like yet!” According to Goffman’s notion of “face” (1967), Jasper is engaging in:

A

Face protecting behavior

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19
Q

Health care workers’ responses to older adults’ behaviors may be congruent or incongruent. Choose three reasons why caregivers might respond with incongruent reactions to independent behaviors.
A - Caregivers may have stereotypes about an older person’s abilities and assume that they are unable to complete tasks independently
B - In nursing homes, encouraging dependance is often easier for caregivers and saves them time.
C - Caregivers, especially family members, might be concerned about the older adults’ safety
D - Caregivers are confident that older adults can learn to complete daily tasks safely
E - Caregivers want older adults to be able to function on their own, without assistance

A

A - Caregivers may have stereotypes about an older person’s abilities and assume that they are unable to complete tasks independently
B - In nursing homes, encouraging dependance is often easier for caregivers and saves them time.
C - Caregivers, especially family members, might be concerned about the older adults’ safety

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20
Q

What does the U-shaped curve of marital satisfaction seem to suggest?

A

Marital satisfaction initially drops but then gradually increases across the lifespan

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21
Q

What makes sibling relationships unique from other close relationships?

A

This relationship had potential to span the entire lifespan

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22
Q

Which of the following statements is not true of the unique challenges that men face in maintaining friendships into older age?

A

Men tend to find and maintain most of their close friends if they are in a marriage

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23
Q

How do I use older adults’ cohort as an explanation for the decline in disagreements in longer marriages?

A

Older adults may disagree less due to the influence of the historical time that they grew up and married in

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24
Q

The denefits older couples receive from marriage are:

A

Financial, emotional, & social

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25
Q

Dickson et al (2004) notes that men often become more ____ and ____ as they grow older.

A

Compromising and emotionally expressive

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26
Q

It is important that friendships between older adults are equitable in nature. Select teo scenarios that would indicate an equitable relationship between older adults:
A - Conversations about children and grandchildren are centered around one person’s family
B - Those in the relationship run errands together
C - They compromise no who will pay for their next outing
D - One person in the relationship feels most comfortable sharing theit concerns about aging

A

B - Those in the relationship run errands together
C - They compromise no who will pay for their next outing

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27
Q

Sibiling relationships are known to have little stability across the lifespan

A

False

28
Q

According to Harwood (2000) in your textbook, the frequency of which of the following methods of communication is most closely linked with satisfying grandparent relationships for college students?

A

Telephone calls

29
Q

Life expectancy at the beginning of the 21st century meant that nearly ____ of individuals were born into families where all grandparents were alive.

A

70%

30
Q

If a grandparents were to say, “My grandkids always say my potato casserole recipe is their favorite dish. They love visiting my house, because when it comes to mealtimes, I go all out!” this would be an example of which common theme in grandparent-grandchild relationships?

A

Exchange

31
Q

Grandfathers and grandmothers have different storytelling styles. Grandfathers tent to talk more about _____, while grandmothers talk more about _____.

A

Historical or health issues; relationships or family background

32
Q

According to Kam Hecht (2009) in your textbook, “personal-enacted identity gaps” represent the gap between _____ and _____.

A

How you present yourself and who you really are

33
Q

Older adults who rely on their children for support often feel that there is _____ in theit relationship, causing them to feel more dissatisfied or unhappy.

A

Inequity

34
Q

Intergenerational solidarity theory suggests that parent-child relationships are maintained by continuous patterns of behavior, such as:

A

Expressions of affection

35
Q

Which of the following theories would explain parent-child relationships in older adulthood by focusing on how children stay close to their parents because they feel like they “owe” their parents for taking care of them when they were kids?

A

Exchange theory

36
Q

Grandparents can play a symbolic role in the family, by teaching and reinforcing family values and traditions, as well as cultural/ethnic and religious values.

A

True

37
Q

Select 3 of the following factors that, according to research, are the most helpful for strong grandparent-grandchildren relationships.
A - The grandparent has a good relationship with your parents
B - The grandparent buys you presents every year during the holidays
C - The grandparent lives nearby
D - The grandparent is very young
E - The grandparent is not too young or too old

A

A - The grandparent has a good relationship with your parents
C - The grandparent lives nearby
E - The grandparent is not too young or too old

38
Q

At university campuses across the USA, issues of diversity have been somewhar addressed in all of the following areas except:
A - Gender diversity
B - Cultural diversity
C - Age diversity
D - Racial diversity

A

C - Age diversity

39
Q

What topic of conversation between a grandparent and grandchild would be most likely to improve attitudes and perceptions about aging for a younger adult?
A - Grandmother tells grandchild the bast way to roast a chicken
B - Grandmother tells grandchild how the electoral college works
C - Grandmother tells grandchild she should never wear black and navy together
D - Grandmother tells grandchild about her first boyfriend in 1955

A

D - Grandmother tells grandchild about her first boyfriend in 1955

40
Q

What kind of event would be most likely to lead to salient categorization in an intergroup situation?
A - Easter service at a local church
B - Baseball game
C - Birthday party
D - Citizenship ceremony

A

C - Birthday party

41
Q

Nurse: Do you think your daughter will come visit you tomorrow?
Patient: What?
Nurse: Is your daughter coming tomorrow?
What communication strategy did the nurse use here to improve comprehension with his patient?

A

Rephrasing

42
Q

Base on the textbook, it is not enough for older people to be percived positively. It is most important that older people be seen as:

A

Heterogeneous

43
Q

Caregiver to older adult: “Are we ready for dinner?” illustrates what aspect of patronizing talk?

A

Inappropriate plural pronouns

44
Q

Treating older adults in an institutional seeting as individuals and using person-centered communication should lead to more independent behaviors by the institutionalized adults. Choose the three best examples:
A - Older adult offers to repair the facility’s circuit breaker panel
B - Older adult makes her own bed
C - Older adult goes ice-skating
D - Older adult put on his own socks and shoes
E - Older adult passes out medications to nearby residents at breakfast time
F - Older adult comes to breakfast room on her own

A

B - Older adult makes her own bed
D - Older adult put on his own socks and shoes
F - Older adult comes to breakfast room on her own

45
Q

If your grandparent is seen solely as grandparent rather than somehow representative of older people, their presence in your life may not have a positive effect on ageist attitudes for you.

A

True

46
Q

Which of the following is an example of an older adult demonstrating counter-stereotypical behavior?
A - An 85-year-old grandmother who regularly participates in triathlons
B - A grandfather who has taken full custody of his grandchildren
C - An 80-year-old man who miraculously recovered from a massive stroke
D - None of these
E - A retired older adult who refuses to mvoe into an assisted living home

A

A - An 85-year-old grandmother who regularly participates in triathlons

47
Q

What does your textbook say about the AARP’s political influence?

A

Its influence is generally overstated

48
Q

Research suggests that older adults may be slightly better represented in which genre of programming?

A

Soap operas

49
Q

In the media industry, the desire for younger viewers in the audience can lead to what outcome for older adults?

A

They are excluded from involvment in media production

50
Q

Advertisements displaying images of older individuals sometimes use ________ relationships to sell their products.

A

Grandparent-grandchild

51
Q

Advertisers target younger adults because they are percived as having ______, even though this may not technically be true.

A

More disposable income

52
Q

According to US census bureau data from 2000, older people made up about ___ of the real population but only about ___ of the television population.

A

15%; 3%

53
Q

Shows that feature older adults in major roles, such as The Golden Girls, most likely rely on ______ for their success.

A

Casting well known and recognizable actors

54
Q

In the media, men are associated with the negative stereotypes of aging at an earlier age than women are.

A

False

55
Q

Older adults tent to enjoy hedonic media experiences more than eudaimonic media experiences.

A

False

56
Q

An older adult would be more likely to engage with print media than a younger adult.

A

True

57
Q

Which of the following would not be considered a reason that someone might choose to watch a particular television program, under the Uses and gratification theory?
A - To watch more television than your neighbor
B - To learn about other parts of the world
C - To laugh and relax
D - To identify with characters to your own age

A

A - To watch more television than your neighbor

58
Q

If I want people to think more critically about the media representation of different groups in society, I need to increase their what?

A

Media literacy

59
Q

Based on findings from cultivation theory, a person who lives in a neighborhood with significant crime, who a,so watched many crime and FBI shows may decide what?

A

The world is very dangerous, and it is necessary to remain alert.

60
Q

According to the American Tine Use Survey in 2015, young people spend more time on television than what?

A

Reading, socializing, and using computers and phones

61
Q

If you were to read an article from The New York Times and understand its meaning and implications on different levels, you would be demonstrating what?

A

Media literacy

62
Q

Gerbner’s 1980 study showed that teenagers who watched a lot of television believed that there are not many older adults in our society, whihc is consistent with cultivation theory. However, Passuth and Cook suggest that Gerbner’s small effect size might be small because which of the following?
A - All of these
B - Interpersonal contact, particularly in the family, is most important
C - Older people aren’t on television as much
D - None of these
E - Portrayals of older people are often quite positive

A

A - All of these

63
Q

In 2007, Nielsen Media Research examined the top rated shows amongst two different age groups, 18-49 and 50+. Which of the following is not a top rated show amongst both groups?

A

Survivor

64
Q

East Asian cultures are generally individualistic, and they are high in power-distance

A

False

65
Q

Select two of the following cultures that have a traditionally strong, but currently waning, focus on filial piety.
A - Native American
B - East Asian
C - Mexican
D - South Asian/Indian
E - US Latinx

A

B - East Asian
D - South Asian/Indian

66
Q

Which of the following countries has the largest proportion of older adults in the world, with a third of the population comprised of individuals over the age of 60?
A - China
B - Japan
C - The United States
D - Greece
E - Mexico

A

B - Japan

67
Q

Cultures that highly value social relationships are group success are

A

SHS 271 (1 decks)

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