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environmental science > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the first step to the scientific method?

A

Defining a Problem

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2
Q

What is the second step to the scientific method?

A

Observe the Problem

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3
Q

What is the third step to the scientific method?

A

Make a Hypothesis

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4
Q

What is the fourth step to the scientific method?

A

Make a Prediction

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5
Q

What is the fifth step to the scientific method?

A

Test the Hypothesis

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6
Q

What is the sixth step to the scientific method?

A

Make a Conclusion

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7
Q

How do observations occur?

A

By collecting data

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8
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

A hypothesis is an educated guess based on what has been observed through the scientific method.

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9
Q

How are predictions made?

A

By gathering information and data which helps predict outcomes of the hypothesis.

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10
Q

How do scientists test hypothesis?

A

By creating experimented based on the hypothesis to see if they expected results are found.

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11
Q

What are the three main outcomes of a scientific experiment?

A

The test proves the hypothesis correct, incorrect, or inconclusive.

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12
Q

What is a scientific theory?

A

Theories are well-tested explanations of a phenomena that unifies a wide range of observations and hypotheses.

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13
Q

What is an agronomist?

A

someone who studies the variety of plants, pests, diseases, and pesticides found in agricultural crops.

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14
Q

What is an ornithologists?

A

someone who studies birds and their diseases

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15
Q

What is a biologist?

A

someone who studies living things in the environment.

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16
Q

What is a botanist?

A

someone who studies the plant life in an environment

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17
Q

What is a chemist?

A

someone who studies chemicals and the effects of pollution in the air, water, and soil.

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18
Q

What is an entomologist?

A

Someone who studies insects, spiders, snails, and other “bugs” of an environment.

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19
Q

What is a conservationists?

A

someone who studies a location and determines the steps needed to protect the area from being destroyed or polluted.

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20
Q

What is a paleontologists?

A

someone who studies fossils of ancient life forms, and how they survive in different time periods.

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21
Q

What is a hydrologist?

A

someone who studies rain, lakes, and rivers.

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22
Q

What is an ichthyologist?

A

someone who studies life in the ocean.

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23
Q

What is the thermosphere?

A

the outermost layer which contains extremely high temperatures.

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24
Q

What is the mesosphere?

A
  • the second layer that is the coolest
  • meteors are seen entering earth’s atmosphere
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25
Q

What is the stratosphere?

A
  • third layer
  • commercial jets are seen
  • includes the ozone layer
26
Q

What is the troposphere?

A

-the last layer
- humanity lives
- contains all weather that exist

27
Q

What is a hierarchy?

A

a graded ranking of organisms which is critical for proper ordering of the structure of life.

28
Q

What are molecules?

A

groups of atoms

29
Q

What are atoms?

A

the smallest units of matter

30
Q

What are atoms made of?

A

subatomic particles (e.g. neutrons, protons, electrons)

31
Q

What are organelles?

A

proteins that come together to form the inner components of a cell

32
Q

What are cells?

A

the smallest structure that makes up a living organism

33
Q

What is tissue?

A

a group of cells that work together in a similar function

34
Q

What are organs?

A

A group of tissues that work together to perform a similar function

35
Q

What are systems?

A

A group of organs that work independently but together to perform a specific function

36
Q

What is an organism?

A

A group of systems that work together to create a life form

37
Q

What is a population?

A

A group of the same organisms living and working together for protection, food, and shelter.

38
Q

What is a community?

A

Several populations of different organisms that live together and interact with each other in a specific environment.

39
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

Groups of communities living in the same geographic locations

40
Q

What is a biome?

A

A large area of land that is characterized by the plant and animal communities that live there

41
Q

What is a biosphere?

A

All areas of the planet that will support life

42
Q

What is the solar systems?

A

The group of nine planets and other matter that orbit the sun

43
Q

What is the galaxy?

A

A system of stars orbiting a common center of gravity

44
Q

What is the Universe?

A

All the galaxies, stars, comets, meteors, and planets.

45
Q

What are autotrophs?

A

Organisms that can produce their own food energy by using sunlight, carbon, and inorganic chemicals.

46
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

Organisms that must consume other organisms to absorb their food energy.

47
Q

What are carnivores?

A

Organisms that eat meat for their food source with teeth that tear away at meat.

48
Q

What are herbivores?

A

organisms that eat plants as their only food sources.

49
Q

What are carnivores?

A

Organisms that eat meat for their food source with teeth that tear away at meat.

50
Q

What are omnivores?

A

Organisms that eat both meat and plants as their food source.

51
Q

What are producers?

A

Autotrophs (e.g. plants, trees, algae)

52
Q

What are consumers?

A

heterotrophs

53
Q

What are the subdivisions of heterotrophs?

A
  • Primary Consumers: Herbivores
  • Secondary Consumers: Carnivores and Omnivores
  • Tertiary Consumers: Carnivores that eat other carnivores
  • Quaternary Consumers: Carnivores that are at the top of the food chain and can eat carnivores that eat other carnivores.
54
Q

adaptations

A

How life forms change over time and learn to adapt to continue living in the environment

55
Q

endemic

A

Organisms confined to living in a geographic region due to natural barriers

56
Q

biotic

A

Parts of an ecosystem that are living; includes plants and animals

57
Q

abiotic

A

Parts of an ecosystem that are not living; includes soil and rocks

58
Q

bioremediaiton

A

Using enzymes or microorganisms to restore a contaminated environment to its original state

59
Q

Biodiversity

A

Refers to the variety of life forms that exist now or in the past

60
Q

Species

A

A classification of organisms that have common characteristics

61
Q

Hydrosphere

A

All the bodies of water on the Earth’s surface

environmental science (1 decks)

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