Final Exam Flashcards
Strong beliefs in one own value
Commitment
Components of Hardiness
Commitment, Challenge, Control
Views difficulties can be overcome
Challenge
Strong sense of personal power
Control
How are hardiness and physical health related
Both are related to higher coping skills
Constellation of personality characteristics that function as a resistance resource in the encountering of stressful life events
Hardiness
Generalized outcome expectancies
Dispositional optimism
Individuals high in dispositional optimism
Proposed to anticipate good rather than bad things will happen to them and engage in positive health practices that promote greater physical and psychological well-being and respond to adversity using adaptive coping strategies that aim to eliminate, reduce, or manage stressors or emotions
Unpleasant state of mental uneasiness or concern that causes physical and psychological discomfort
Anxiety
General level of stress that is characteristic of an individual, that is, a trait related to personality. How individuals have conditioned themselves to respond and manage the stress.
Competitive Trait Anxiety
Characterized by a state of heightened emotions that develop in response to a fear or danger of a particular situation
Competitive State Anxiety
What plays the biggest role in state anxiety?
Confidence
3 major factors in determining the motivation levels of children in YS settings
Achievement Goal Theory
3 major factors of Achievement Goal Theory
Goal Orientation, Motivational Climate, Perceived ability
Goal Orientation
Split into Task and Ego orientation
Task Orientation
Positive view, Success is defined as self-referent improvement
Ego Orientation
Negative view, Success is defined by social comparison and out-doing others
Motivational Climate
Split into Mastery Climate and Performance Climate
Mastery Climate
Positive view, Focus on learning, effort, cooperative strategies, and skill development
Performance Climate
Negative view, Focus on competitive, beating teammates, demonstrating superiority over others
Perceived Ability
Can be either High or Low
High - Greater Competence
Low - Less Competence
Overtraining Signs
Changes in an athlete’s physical output
Changes in an athlete’s motivation level
Psychosomatic complaints and decrease in intensity
Changes in the practice climate of the team - increased small overuse injuries
Loss of vigor, initiative, and successful performance
Staleness
Staleness is attributed to
Long or extended seasons, Monotony in practice or program structure, Abusiveness (verbal and physical or controlling), High and constant levels of stress, Poor eating habits
How to Prevent Staleness
Time off
Allow athletes to have more input and control over decisions that affect them
Decrease emotional and stressful demands
Provide a supportive and caring environment
Sufficient attention to complaints and small injuries
Goal setting, relaxation, mental practices, positive self talk
State of physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion. Ability to cope with minor daily frustrations decreases and ability to cope with major problems are paralyzed
Burnout
3 core symptoms of burnout
Depletion of emotional and physical resources, reduced accomplishment, and devaluation of achievements
Burnout is highly linked to
Perfectionism
Symptoms of burnout
Exhaustion, Depression, Emotional detachment (depersonalization), low sense of accomplishment/satisfaction, Psychosomatic complaints
Sociology of Sport Parts
Pressure, Risk, Gender/Masculinity, Agression/Violence, Sacrifice, Team, Devotion, Non-questioning, Pressures
A worship of intensive and habitualized muscular activity which depends on the will for progress and even risks.
Physical practices which possess their own values, rules, and rituals in a form of joyful competition
Sport
The social and cultural climates, contexts, and structures that surround sports and drive the way individuals act and relate to one another within the sports environment
Sport Socioculture
Standards, beliefs, or models considered to be normal in sport settings
Sport Norms
Sports as a cultural determinant
Improved health, increased social capital, improved education outcomes
4 parts of sport ethic
Make sacrifices for the game
Strive for Distinction
Accept Risk and Play with Pain
Accept no obstacles in the pursuit of possibilities
Make sacrifices for the game
Associated with athletic identity, “paying the price”, sport should take center stage and be the priority
Athletic Identity
The degree to which an individual identifies with the athlete role and looks to others for acknowledgement of that role
3 parts of Athletic Identity
Cognitive, Social Role, Self-Concept
Cognitive
Provides a framework for interpreting information, determines how an athlete copes with career-threatening situations, and inspires behavior consistent with the athlete role
Social Role
May be determined by the perceptions of persons close to the athlete (friends, family, coach)
Self-Concept
Can define the way in which an individual evaluates their competence or worth
Pros of Athletic identity
Self-confidence, More likely to participate in exercise behaviors, enhances performance
Cons of Athletic Identity
Difficulty dealing with injury, difficulty adjusting to end of career, no accounting for alternate career or educational options
Athletic Identity Measurement Scale
Measures 3 Domains
Social Identity
Exclusivity
Negative Affectivity
Athletic Identity exclusivity linked to:
Burnout, Negative attitude towards aging, Negative ratings of scholastic competence and social acceptance, ego involvement
Strive for Distinction
Irrepressible desire to be the best and achieve, single-mindedness
Accept Risk and Play with Pain
Culture of risk in sport, athletes wiling to accept risk and dismiss fear of them, aren’t willing to report concerns
Accept No Obstacle in Pursuit of Possibilities
Athletes are reluctant to accept obstacles without beating trying to beat the odds and overcome them.
Continuum of Conformity
Underconformity, Normal, Overconformity
Conspiratorial Alliances
Creating bubbles of conformity that do not challenge practices or overconformity to sport ethic
Patient Centered Care
To identify, respect and care about patients’ differences, values, preferences and expressed needs; relieve pain and suffering; coordinate continuous care
Patient Centered Care Characterized
Efforts to listen to, clearly inform, communicate with, and educate patients; share decision making and management.
Advocate disease prevention, wellness, and promotion of healthy lifestyles, including a focus on population health
8 dimensions of PCC
Patient Preferences, Emotional Support, Physical Comfort, Information & Education, Continuity & Transition, Coordination of care, Access to care, Family & Friends
Culture
Patterns of language, thoughts, actions, customs, beliefs, courtesies, rituals, manners, roles, expected behaviors and values that distinguishes one groups of people from another.
Health Disparity
Particular type of health difference that is closely linked with economic, social, or environmental disadvantage
Social determinants of health
Conditions in the environments in which people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.
Factors of Social determinants of health
Economic Stability
Education
Social and Community Context
Health and Health Care
Neighborhood and Built Environment
The goal of understanding theses social determinants
Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
Health Literacy
The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information needed to make appropriate health decisions
How many Americans have low health literacy
90 million (lower socioeconomic status or education, elderly, low English proficiency or ESL)
Cultural Imposition
Cultural imposition intrusively applies the majority cultural view to individual and families.
Platinum Rule
Treat others how they want to be treated
The Therapeutic Relationship
Communication -> Patient Satisfaction -> Adherence -> Health Outcomes
3 Parts of Trust
Listening Skills, Talking Skills, Empathy
Verbal Listening Skills
Reflections, Clarify, Perception check, Summarize
Affirmations
Selective, non-judgmental reflections of someone’s strengths, resources, changes already made.
SOLER
Squarely face the person, Open your posture, lean towards the sender, eye contact, relax while attending
Types of empathy
Affective - aware of others mental state
Cognitive - understand other perspectives from an objective stance
Behavioral - understand the pt’s world, feel with the pt, and communicate this understanding with the pt
NURSE
Naming and Normalize
Understanding
Respecting/Reassurance
Supporting
Exploring
SPIKES
Setting
Perception of Condition
Invitation to Provide Information
Provide knowledge/medical facts
Explore emotions and empathize
Strategy and Summarize
