Final Exam Flashcards
What is Autism Spectrum spectrum disorder?
A complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by abnormalities in social behaviour, language and communication skills, and unusual behaviours and interests
What Are The Defining Features of ASD?
- Impairments in social interaction
- Impairments in communication
- Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behaviour, interests, and activities
What is Central Coherence?
The strong tendency of humans to interpret stimuli in a relatively global way that takes the broader context into account
What is childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS)?
A rare and possibly more severe form of schizophrenia that has an onset prior to age 18 and worse long term outcomes
What is communication deviance?
A measure of interpersonal attentional and thought disturbance observed in families of children with schizophrenia or schizotypal personality disorder children from families with high communication deviance show the most severe impairment and the poorest attentional functioning
What are delusions?
Disturbances in thinking involving disordered thought content and strong beliefs that are misrepresentations of reality
What is discrete trial training?
A method of teaching readiness skills or other desired behaviours that involves a step by step approach of presenting a stimulus & requiring a specific response
What is echolalia?
A child’s immediate or delayed parrot-like repetition of words or word combos
What are hallucinations?
Disturbances in perception in which things are seen, heard, or otherwise sensed even though they are not real or present
What is Incidental Training?
A method of teaching readiness skills or other desired behaviours that works to strengthen the behaviour by capitalizing on naturally occurring opportunities
What is Joint Attention?
The ability to coordinate one’s focus of attention on another person and an object of mutual interest
What is mentalization?
Awareness of other people’s and one’s own mental states (Also referred to as the theory of mind)
What is the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia?
A situation where certain genes make someone more likely to face challenges in their brain development. This, combined with early issues in how their brain grows, leads to problems in connecting different parts of the brain. These include areas like the cerebral cortex (thinking part), white matter, hippocampus, cerebellum, and parts of the limbic system (dealing with emotions).
Because of these faulty connections, there’s a higher chance that things might not work well in the brain. This becomes noticeable during growing up, especially during puberty and when dealing with stress. The neurodevelopmental model helps us understand that even when someone is still a baby or child, there might be signs of problems in how they move, talk, think, and interact with others. These signs can appear long before they start showing signs of a condition like schizophrenia.
What is Operant Speech Training?
This strategy is a step-by-step method designed to improve a child’s use of language, especially for those with autism. It involves gradually increasing the child’s vocalizations, teaching them to imitate sounds and words, helping them understand the meaning of words, and guiding them to express themselves by labeling objects, making requests, and expressing desires.
What is Pragmatic Language?
The aspect of language that focuses on its appropriate use in social and communicative contexts
