final exam

Question 1

the ______ is a proposed epoch indicating significant human impact on natural systems

Answer 1

anthropocene

Question 2

we are currently in the ______ era

Answer 2

Cenozoic

Question 3

we are currently in the _______ which began 2.6 mya

Answer 3

quaternary

Question 4

under this period there is the pleistocene epoch, the holocene epoch, and the proposed ______ epoch

Answer 4

anthropocene

Question 5

hominids appeared ______ mya in the fossil records

Answer 5

6 million

Question 6

the domestication of _____ and ______ allowed humans to establish permanent homes and grow larger pop. densities

Answer 6

plants, animals

Question 7

megafauna extinction, origin of farming, new-old world collision, and the industrial revolution are all examples of potential measures for a ______ ____ of the anthropocene

Answer 7

global, era

Question 8

in 2019, it was officially decided that the anthropocene start date was ____

Answer 8

mid-20th century (1950)

Question 9

the ____-life , _____-water, ____-air, ____-land, and ____-ice are the fkive major earth systems

Answer 9

biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, cryosphere

Question 10

____ ____ involve coupled systems that collectively act to accelerate or decelerate an initial change

Answer 10

feedback, loop

Question 11

____ are changes in earths energy balance or climate systems

Answer 11

pertubation

Question 12

____ are the climactic relationships that span great distances that can provide the predictability of climate cystems during various time frames

Answer 12

teleconnection

Question 13

el nino is an example of a

Answer 13

teleconnection

Question 14

in an el nino event, the surface temperature of water warms and creates a ____ pressure system

Answer 14

air

Question 15

anthropogenic climate forcing has resulted in ____ climate

Answer 15

warming

Question 16

____ ____ is a way to measure change in natural systems before we had direct measurement tools

Answer 16

proxy, data

Question 17

tree rings, peet cores, and ice cores are all examples of ____ ____

Answer 17

proxy, data

Question 18

river flow, precipitation, temp change are all example of ____ ____

Answer 18

direct, measurement

Question 19

____ is the study of tree rings to meausre draught and fire frequency

Answer 19

dendrology

Question 20

in peat cores, higher amoints of ____ indicate that the climate is warmer at that period of time

Answer 20

soil

Question 21

using surface and deep-sea corals sciteists cam measure isotopeswhich can ikdicate when gthe oceans _____ changes

Answer 21

sediment

Question 22

in the study of fluvial geomorphology, researchers can study the changing amount of ____ and ____ load

Answer 22

streamflow, sediment

Question 23

difference in the amount of land area being covered is an example of _____ scale

Answer 23

spatial

Question 24

change over time is an example of ___ scale

Answer 24

temporal

Question 25

the ____ is the layer of life and all ecosystems on eart

Answer 25

biosphere

Question 26

a ____ is a geographic are that is defined by a specific environmental factor

Answer 26

biome

Question 27

ther are two types of biomes

Answer 27

terrestrial and aquatic

Question 28

acid rain occurs with the burning of _____ _____ which releses NO AND SO2

Answer 28

fossil fuels