Final Exam Flashcards
The Science of heredity
Genetics
the application of scientific knowledge to make genetic improvement in animals
Animal Breeding
Any form of genetic material (ie. semen, oocytes, embryos, or live animals)
Germ Plasm
A breeding program which produces a commodity which is consumed by the public
Commercial Operation
Ransom mating of animals in nature independent of man’s control
Natural Selection
Human intervention process whereby parents are chosen and the extent of their prolificacy is controlled
Artificial Selection
A goal focused on attainment of the most ideal traits for the breeding program or production system
Breeding Objective
Selection of the most desirable animals for propagation of offspring which best target the breeding objective
Breeding Program
An observable or quantifiable expression of a trait (red, 80lb, BW, ect)
Phenotype
The genetic makeup of an individual
Genotype
All non-genetic factors which influence phenotype (nutrition, health, weather, ect)
Environment
A categorical trait which can not be measured and is generally controlled by one of a few genes (also called a simply inherited trait)
Qualitative Trait
A breeding program which produces animals intended to be parents
Seedstock Operation
A sequence of three nucleotides which translated to a specific ammino acid, or a “stop” or “Start” command for construction of the ammino acid chain
Codon
Deoxyribonucleic acid
- An information storage molecule essential to all living organisms regardless if we are speaking about prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms
DNA
