Final Exam

Question 1

The Science of heredity

Answer 1

Genetics

Question 2

the application of scientific knowledge to make genetic improvement in animals

Answer 2

Animal Breeding

Question 3

Any form of genetic material (ie. semen, oocytes, embryos, or live animals)

Answer 3

Germ Plasm

Question 4

A breeding program which produces a commodity which is consumed by the public

Answer 4

Commercial Operation

Question 5

Ransom mating of animals in nature independent of man’s control

Answer 5

Natural Selection

Question 6

Human intervention process whereby parents are chosen and the extent of their prolificacy is controlled

Answer 6

Artificial Selection

Question 7

A goal focused on attainment of the most ideal traits for the breeding program or production system

Answer 7

Breeding Objective

Question 8

Selection of the most desirable animals for propagation of offspring which best target the breeding objective

Answer 8

Breeding Program

Question 9

An observable or quantifiable expression of a trait (red, 80lb, BW, ect)

Answer 9

Phenotype

Question 10

The genetic makeup of an individual

Answer 10

Genotype

Question 11

All non-genetic factors which influence phenotype (nutrition, health, weather, ect)

Answer 11

Environment

Question 12

A categorical trait which can not be measured and is generally controlled by one of a few genes (also called a simply inherited trait)

Answer 12

Qualitative Trait

Question 13

A breeding program which produces animals intended to be parents

Answer 13

Seedstock Operation

Question 14

A sequence of three nucleotides which translated to a specific ammino acid, or a “stop” or “Start” command for construction of the ammino acid chain

Answer 14

Codon

Question 15

Deoxyribonucleic acid

• An information storage molecule essential to all living organisms regardless if we are speaking about prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms

Answer 15

DNA

Question 16

type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome

Answer 16

mRNA