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Principles of Health and Fitness > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

A preoccupation with physical appearance would most likely be present in which eating disorder?

A

body dysmorphia

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2
Q

According to one study, most people with eating disorders spend at least _________ hours a day thinking about food, weight, and body shape.

A

3.0

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3
Q

All of the following are primary contributors to eating disorders except

A

theology

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4
Q

Binge eating, excessive exercise, fasting, vomiting, laxatives, and diuretics are all associated with which eating disorder?

A

bulimia nervosa

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5
Q

Compulsive exercise would most likely be present in which eating disorder?

A

anorexia athletica

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6
Q

Discolored teeth would most likely be present in which eating disorder?

A

bulimia

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7
Q

Evidence suggests a relationship between eating disorders and

A

depression

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8
Q

Female athlete triad includes all of the following except

A

anorexia athletica

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9
Q

Female athlete triad syndrome is the combination of which three interrelated conditions associated with athletic training?

A

osteoporosis, disordered eating, amenorrhea

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10
Q

For which eating disorder do 1 in 10 cases end in death from starvation, suicide, or medical complications like heart disease or kidney failure?

A

anorexia nervosa

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11
Q

In designing a plan for a permanent lifestyle change, your objective should be simple, specific, detailed, and precise.

A

True

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12
Q

In what age span do most eating disorders develop?

A

13 to 18

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13
Q

Overuse of protein supplementation would most likely be present in which eating disorder?

A

muscle dysmorphia

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14
Q

The steps to writing a mission statement include all of the following except

A

evaluating your strengths and weaknesses

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15
Q

Which family member do studies most often cite as a negative influence on eating disorders?

A

mother

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16
Q

Which of the following defines the contemplation stage of the transtheoretical model of stages of change?

A

You recognize that a behavior change would be beneficial and decide to implement a change at some time in the distant future; no firm commitment is made.

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17
Q

Which of the following is not associated with anorexia nervosa?

A

purging after consuming meals

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18
Q

Which of the following is not one of the psychological influences on the development of eating disorders?

A

glorification of the youth

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19
Q

Which of the following is the correct order of the stages in the transtheoretical model of stages of change?

A

precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination

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20
Q

Which of the following statements is most true?

A

a and b

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21
Q

“Creeping obesity” is the term given to the gradual increase in weight due to a decrease in metabolism and lack of physical activity over the lifespan.

A

True

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22
Q

A simple walking program challenges people to take at least _______ steps each day.

A

10,000

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23
Q

According to the body mass index (BMI) guidelines, what is a normal range for BMI?

A

18.5 to 24.9

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24
Q

All three energy systems (oxidative, glycolytic, and ATP-PC) contribute to the production of energy but in different proportions.

A

True

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25
Q

Approximately how many calories are needed to burn 1 pound of fat?

A

3,500 calories

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26
Q

Approximately how many calories per day does 1 pound (.45 kilograms) of muscle burn in a resting state?

A

30 to 40

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27
Q

Cardiorespiratory exercise is __________ physical activity that has the capacity to raise the heart rate to a level at which an aerobic benefit can occur.

A

continuous

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28
Q

Hypertension is known as the silent killer.

A

True

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29
Q

Insulin is produced in the pancreas to help take blood sugars into the muscles and liver.

A

True

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30
Q

Michelle is 30 years old and is beginning an aerobic exercise regimen. What is her estimated maximum heart rate?

A

190 bpm

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31
Q

One pound of human fat (approximately half a kilogram) has how many calories?

A

3,500

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32
Q

Our bodies are constantly bone remodeling. The cells that break down bone are called ________.

A

osteoclasts

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33
Q

Research suggests that exercise increases longevity.

A

true

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34
Q

Set-point refers to

A

a weight that is difficult for your body to change

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35
Q

The cells that rebuild bone are called ________.

A

osteoblasts

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36
Q

The maximum duration of the oxidative energy system is

A

more than 2 minutes

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37
Q

The primary reason that women do not experience muscle enlargement to the same degree that men do is that they have

A

a different hormonal makeup

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38
Q

The typical duration of the ATP energy system working at maximal capacity is

A

10 seconds

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39
Q

The typical duration of the glycolytic energy system working at maximal capacity is

A

1 to 2 minutes

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40
Q

Three types of human muscle include all of the following except

A

Tongue

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41
Q

Vigorous nighttime exercise within 3-4 hours of going to bed may improve sleep quality.

A

true

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42
Q

What is the minimum range of a target heart rate zone?

A

55 to 65

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43
Q

What percentage of Americans are overweight or obese?

A

45%, 70%

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44
Q

Which of the following terms best describes increases in muscle size?

A

hypertrophy

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45
Q

Which strength test best measures muscular endurance?

A

1-minute sit-up test

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46
Q

All of the following are nonenergy nutrients except

A

protein

47
Q

Common food allergies include all of the following except

A

gluten

48
Q

Each of the following elements were included in the function of food except

A

performance enhancement

49
Q

Heat can improve flexibility up to ____ percent.

A

25%

50
Q

How long can the average human survive without food?

A

40 to 60 days

51
Q

MyPlate groups food into five food categories that include all of the following except

A

carbohydrates

52
Q

Nutrients are primarily absorbed in the

A

small intestines

53
Q

One should warm up for 3 to 5 minutes before stretching.

A

True

54
Q

Proteins are comprised of _____ amino acids, and _____ of them are essential.

A

20; 9

55
Q

Scientific studies suggest the optimal amount of time to hold a stretch is

A

30 seconds

56
Q

Scientific studies suggest the optimal number of repetitions for stretching is

A

4

57
Q

The three primary types of carbohydrate include all of the following except

A

sugar

58
Q

The value of nutritional software applications include all of the following except

A

connecting emotional states with dietary intake

59
Q

Vegetarians limit their diets to

A

fruits and vegetables, nuts, and grains

60
Q

What is the definition of nutrition?

A

the science of how food affects the body

61
Q

What percentage of Americans currently report using at least one dietary supplement?

A

greater than 50%

62
Q

When is the best time to stretch for increasing one’s range of motion?

A

after physical activity

63
Q

Which method of stretching has yielded a negative effect on sprinting and jumping?

A

ballistic stretching

64
Q

Which method of stretching takes advantage of reciprocal inhibition?

A

active force

65
Q

Which nutritional benchmark estimates nutritional adequacy for approximately 98% of the population?

A

RDA

66
Q

Which nutritional benchmark estimates recommended guidelines for the distribution of protein, carbohydrate, and fat in the diet?

A

AMDR

67
Q

Which of the following is not a major factor related to flexibility?

A

diet

68
Q

Which of the following terms means a soft, moist mass of food that has begun to be digested?

A

bolus

69
Q

Which of the following terms refers to excessive or greater than normal range of motion (ROM) in joints?

A

hypermobility

70
Q

Which type of fiber is most responsible for relieving constipation?

A

insoluble fiber

71
Q

Any event (social, emotional, or psychological) or condition that triggers a stress response is a/an

A

stress, activating event

72
Q

Stress-hardy people have all of the following characteristics except

A

care

73
Q

Emotional intelligence (EI) includes all of the following abilities except

A

having emotional language to describe complex emotions

74
Q

Happiness would significantly increase if an individual living in the United States was making $100,000 per year and received a salary increase of $150,000 per year.

A

False

75
Q

Identify the characteristic that college students most often cited as negatively affecting academic performance.

A

stress

76
Q

Much more than shyness, Jim fears that his classmates have negative judgments regarding him and feels humiliated in the presence of others. Which disorder best describes his symptoms?

A

social anxiety disorder

77
Q

Mental health first aid includes all of the following except

A

checking up on individual in crisis

78
Q

Recent findings suggest that the strongest predictors of happiness are loving friendships and

A

religious faith

79
Q

Most students visiting collegiate mental health facilities reach a stable state of mental health after

A

7 to 9 sessions

80
Q

Several studies report that good weather has a positive effect on an individual’s level of reported happiness.

A

True, False

81
Q

Students attending Christian colleges and universities list stressors similar to students attending non-faith-based students with the exception of

A

spiritual challenges

82
Q

Sue consistently has a hard time concentrating, is easily startled, and has trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. Which disorder best describes her symptoms?

A

general anxiety disorder

83
Q

The Kübler-Ross stages of grief model include all of the following except

A

sadness

84
Q

The peak of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is

A

self-actualization

85
Q

The six universal human emotions include all of the following except

A

love

86
Q

The term that best describes complex or multiple facial emotions is

A

microexpressions

87
Q

Which mental health disorder has the highest prevalence rate in the United States?

A

depression, anxiety

88
Q

Which of the following groups report the highest rate of life satisfaction (Happiness)?

A

older adults

89
Q

Which one of the following is not included in Albert Ellis’ components of the ABC’s of stress?

A

resistance

90
Q

Which stage of Kübler-Ross’s model best describes an individual who has exhibits helplessness?

A

depression

91
Q

According to George Vaillant, lead investigator in the classic Harvard study, which variable had the greatest impact on subjects over all flourishing?

A

social support

92
Q

Eight hours of sleep is the minimum number of hours required by almost all human beings.

A

False

93
Q

Even though humans are created in God’s image, we need sleep while he doesn’t.

A

True

94
Q

Fortunately, because of technological advances, most Americans are currently working less than they did 50 years ago.

A

False

95
Q

Identify the first stage of development in Erik Erikson’s model of psychosocial development.

A

trust versus mistrust

96
Q

Identify the trait listed below that is not included in Sternberg’s Classic Triangle of Love

A

trust

97
Q

One sleep cycle takes approximately 90 minutes to complete.

A

True

98
Q

People tend to sleep more as they get older.

A

False

99
Q

Personality is the unique way a person thinks, feels, and behaves.

A

True

100
Q

Recommendations for improving the quality of your sleep include all of the following except

A

Ensure the your sheets have at least 500 threads per square inch

101
Q

Social capital is measured by

A

the likelihood of an individual aiding when called upon

102
Q

Taking a weekly day of rest is unique to Christians, because most other cultures do not share the concept of a Sabbath.

A

False

103
Q

The acronym SHAPE is used as a method of knowing self and others. Select the correct terms associated with that model.

A

Spirit, Heart, Abilities, Personality, Experience

104
Q

The average college student sleeps approximately _________ hours per night.

A

6

105
Q

The Big Five personality traits include an examination of all of the following except

A

organization

106
Q

The first symptom of sleep deprivation is generally

A

a change in mood

107
Q

The number of hours a person works generally is not related to the number of hours a person sleeps at night.

A

False

108
Q

The recommendations for enhancing relationships highlighted in this chapter include all of the following except

A

loving others

109
Q

The three primary traits studied when investigating attraction theory includes all of the following except

A

personality

110
Q

Using to data from more than 11 million young adults born after 1995 (iGen), investigator Jean Twenge reports they all have the following traits except

A

more romantically engaged

111
Q

What is the one thing that God called “not good” when He created the world?

A

solitude

112
Q

Which of the following is not one of the suggestions for having proper sleep hygiene?

A

eating at the same times each day

113
Q

Which theory best describes this quote from St. Ignatius: “Give me a child to the age of seven, and I will show you the man”?

A

behavioralism

114
Q

While longitudinal studies show that most high school and college students are sleep deprived, by the time most Americans turn 40 years of age, they are getting the recommended levels of sleep.

A

False

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