final exam Flashcards
(100 cards)
focused exam
smaller scope
increased depth for specific issues
comprehensive exam
complete health history and physical assessment performed
e.g. an annual sports physical
subjective data
all information comes directly from the patient’s mouth
objective data
anything that is measurable like vitals
what is the chief complaint?
concise statement of the symptoms that caused the patient to seek medical care
what is the review of systems
a series of questions about all of the body systems
ask the patient about any symptoms they have
pre-interaction phase
what is done before meeting the patient:
look at chart to have an idea about what is going on with the patient
beginning phase
close the door
introduce yourself
ask the patient what they want to be called
working phase
collect data using open and closed ended questions
avoid asking “why?”
maintain therapeutic communication
closing phase
ask if there is anything else the patient needs
summarize everything; care plan
therapeutic communication techniques
- focus on the patient
- self concept
- empathy
- non-verbal
- verbal
modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors
smoking
obesity
high cholesterol
high BP
non-modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors
age
family history
diabetes dx
what happens during systole
ventricles contract and eject blood into the lungs & body
during systole what valves are open and what valves are closed
mitral & tricuspid valves are closed
aortic & pulmonary valves are open
during diastole what valves are open and what valves are closed
mitral & tricuspid are open
aortic & pulmonary valves are closed
______ is twice as long as _____ to allow for the ventricles to fill
diastole is twice as long as systole
what is the cause of a murmur
heart valve fails to close fully which causes the blood to leak through the valve
where do murmurs originate
the heart or great vessels
usually louder over the upper pericardium and quieter closer to the neck
are murmurs systolic or diastolic
they can be both
PV normals
skin is normal for ethnicity
hair distribution is normal
no lesions or sores
no edema
venous distribution is normal in legs
ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion is caused by ________?
decreased O2
ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion characteristics:
weak or absent pulses
dry skin
pale skin
prolonged capillary refill
peripheral tissue perfusion nursing interventions
assess the dorsalis pedis or posterior tibialis pulses bilaterally, if you can’t feel them use the Doppler, if the Doppler doesn’t pick it up notify the dr