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PHL 501 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Alienated Labour

A

separated from labour
- created private property and legitimizes it as a commodity to be sold to renter

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2
Q

4 types of alienation

A

from the product
from work activity
from others
from humanity

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3
Q

The proletariat

A

the working class sells their labour to live and don’t own means of production

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4
Q

The bourgeois

A

owns means of production, business owners, factories with miserable conditions, ruling class/elite

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5
Q

Proletarian revolution

A

represents the revolutionary overthrow of capitalist system by working class

-would result in classless society based on common ownership of the means of production therefore ending exploitation

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6
Q

Class antagonism

A

-bourgeois created proletariat
-inherent and inevitable in capitalism
-tensions between both sides
-they have conflicting interests
-this would lead to revolution
-capitalism would destroy itself because of this

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7
Q

Capitalism

A

based on reward system and hard work and serves interests of the wealthy and powerful

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8
Q

Marx’s analysis of capitalism

A

historical materialism, class antagonisms, surplus value, and alienated labour

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9
Q

Historical materialism

A

social organization by production and exchange
- economic relations move history and struggle between rich and poor
-governed by class struggle

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10
Q

Surplus value

A

-secret to capitalism
-worker doesnt get entire value
-desires manipulated by surplus value/the market

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11
Q

Surplus labour

A

amount of labour workers perform beyond what is necessary for surplus value they do not earn

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12
Q

Capitalism as accumulation at one pole and misery at the other

A

bourgeois: accumulate $
proletariat: accumulate misery

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13
Q

2 phases of revolution

A
  1. Proletariat overthrow bourgeois and become a dictatorship temporary because eventually the state would have no purpose if there is no wealth
  2. Bourgeois give in because they would have accepted their new system as better
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14
Q

Manichean world

A
  • 2 species, two worlds
    -divided by race
    -colonists fear freedom of colonized
    -violence is inevitable
    -colonial world makes colonized envious
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15
Q

History of society

A

history of class struggles

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16
Q

Gender blindness of marx

A

saw women as victims, not subjects and ignores unpaid labour of reproductive labour

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17
Q

Capitalist principle

A

work first, then get paid

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18
Q

The debt economy

A

primary tool for current capitalist exploitation

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19
Q

How debt operates

A

-creates new class relation
-individualizes mechanism of exploitation
-hides exploitation
-illusion of self-investment
-causes shame, guilt, anxiety

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20
Q

Microfinance

A

-women borrowers
-promoted to alleviate poverty for poor and women
-allows exploitation, shame is self-managed
-it is a trap that erodes solidarity and makes capitalism hard to resist

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21
Q

Student Debt crisis

A

-parallel to microfinance
-individualization of debt
-power relations are invisible

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22
Q

Financialization of everyday life

A

more people forced to borrow from banks, debt drives this

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23
Q

Frederici’s response

A

-working class not united due to colonialism - race/gender divides
-reproductive labour maintains system
-debt economy and foundation of everyday life
-marx ignores women and sees them as victims rather than subjects
-responsibility to please men
-unwaged not valued

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24
Q

Capitalist perspective of women

A

sees them as property and uses them for the transmission of private property

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25
Marx's blindspot
unwaged labour, he only focused on waged labour
26
Debt's design
as a standard condition of working-class conditions
27
Self-empowerment
is hard and requires the acknowledgement of pain from the enemy and the absence of this limits black sisterhood
28
Self-love
is hard to mother themselves and limits black sisterhood because BW cannot love others until they love themselves
29
Pain
event, experience, and must be recognized to be changed
30
Hatred
emotional habit/attitude that is purely negative and destroys. it is internalized by BW from the White people
31
Anger as a survival strategy
BW internalize hatred and anger from whites to oppress each other this legacy is based on what was needed for survival anger becomes invisible
32
Anger
-passion of displeasure that may be excessive or misplaced but not always harmful -does not destroy but can help clarify differences
33
intersectionality
-no hierarchy of oppression -interlocking systems of oppression -Lorde: black and lesbian
34
Solidarity
-yearn for collective without hate
35
De beauvoir
- femininity is in danger -being a man is obvious -woman reduced to anatomy -woman does not see herself without man
36
muthos
authority - defines masculinity
37
patriarchy as unique
- women are not minorities - women do not have their own history so they have no solidarity -women are too tied to men to disconnect from them because their loyalty is to the man and protecting their perception to men
38
structural basis of patriarchy
- women as other - men as the default - asymmetric relationship - subordination for women, domination for men
39
Why patriarchy persists
- powerful due to male sovereignty - women consent to it - man assume privilege as natural (entitlement) - reinforcement of inferiority - women are complicit by agreeing to system and living through men within their relationships
40
Gender blindness
problematic, must recognize sex due to its visibility - women experience is not equal to manhood
41
Patriarchy as profitable
- unpaid labour - men escape vulnerability
42
Women as "other"
she submits to power and does not define herself therefore staying stagnant
43
Beard on the public voice of women
-public speaking as exclusive to men -gendered speaking -solution: go back to why spoken authority is framed as masculine -silencing is why women as dissociated from power
44
Miss Triggs question
how to be noticed or heard
45
redefining power (Beard)
- restate women as inside power not about reform
45
Medusa myth
assaulted, could turn anyone to stone
46
Faultlines of patriarchy
gendered public speaking -must restate women -reform cant fit women into a male structure
47
Is revolutionary violence justifiable?
-self-defence (counter violence) -irreconciable sides so one must destroy tthe other -can't reason with colonist, so only violence is possible objections: cycles of violence, victims become perpetrators, and might not succeed
48
colonized
- wants freedom in future - human again through violence - unprivileged - always on guard because they are always presumed guilty - dreams of freedom and this is what gives them freedom at night
49
colonist
- fear future for colonized -privileged
50
Making of the colonized subject
- fabricated by colonists - Black people exist in related to whites and are reduced to objects or animals
51
Decolonization
substitution of one species on mankind by another agenda for disorder creation of new man
52
Colonized recognition as man
When they see themselves as equal their fear turns to rage and they become free by exercising liberation through violence that rids them of their inferiority complex
53
Indigenous men
took on colonizer's belief and continue to inflict violence as a result
54
Dilemma of intersectional domination
-patriarchy and colonialism -rationalizing violence of colonialism denies agency and condones colonizers -consequence of colonialism is patriarchy and they operate together
55
Colonial strategy of violence against women
women are excluded from self-determination and self-governance discussions -must dismantle patriarchal power relations -colonists see women as reproduction and that is it
56
Colonial strategy
- construct as deviant (hypersexualized) to justify colonialism - expect them to replicate victorian family
57
Indigenous women as killable
for representing land, reproduction and indigeniety
58
Violence against Indigenous women in canada
systemic and private -minimal data -victimized by the state systemic- indian act
59
Indigenous womens sovereignty
over their bodies cant be separated from claims to indigenous sovereignty claims for land rights
60
Indigenous self-determination
measured by eliminating violence against women, failure to address leads to a failure of collective self-determination
61
Resistance
Marx: mass revolution to end class (utopian) he saw resistance of mass rev. Arendt: solidarity as resistance, power from collective Lorde: self-empowerment as resistance
62
Spectacle of resistance
not always productive, can be performative

PHL 501 (1 decks)

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