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PHL 501 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Alienated Labour

A

separated from labour
- created private property and legitimizes it as a commodity to be sold to renter

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2
Q

4 types of alienation

A

from the product
from work activity
from others
from humanity

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3
Q

The proletariat

A

the working class sells their labour to live and don’t own means of production

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4
Q

The bourgeois

A

owns means of production, business owners, factories with miserable conditions, ruling class/elite

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5
Q

Proletarian revolution

A

represents the revolutionary overthrow of capitalist system by working class

-would result in classless society based on common ownership of the means of production therefore ending exploitation

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6
Q

Class antagonism

A

-bourgeois created proletariat
-inherent and inevitable in capitalism
-tensions between both sides
-they have conflicting interests
-this would lead to revolution
-capitalism would destroy itself because of this

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7
Q

Capitalism

A

based on reward system and hard work and serves interests of the wealthy and powerful

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8
Q

Marx’s analysis of capitalism

A

historical materialism, class antagonisms, surplus value, and alienated labour

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9
Q

Historical materialism

A

social organization by production and exchange
- economic relations move history and struggle between rich and poor
-governed by class struggle

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10
Q

Surplus value

A

-secret to capitalism
-worker doesnt get entire value
-desires manipulated by surplus value/the market

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11
Q

Surplus labour

A

amount of labour workers perform beyond what is necessary for surplus value they do not earn

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12
Q

Capitalism as accumulation at one pole and misery at the other

A

bourgeois: accumulate $
proletariat: accumulate misery

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13
Q

2 phases of revolution

A
  1. Proletariat overthrow bourgeois and become a dictatorship temporary because eventually the state would have no purpose if there is no wealth
  2. Bourgeois give in because they would have accepted their new system as better
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14
Q

Manichean world

A
  • 2 species, two worlds
    -divided by race
    -colonists fear freedom of colonized
    -violence is inevitable
    -colonial world makes colonized envious
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15
Q

History of society

A

history of class struggles

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16
Q

Gender blindness of marx

A

saw women as victims, not subjects and ignores unpaid labour of reproductive labour

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17
Q

Capitalist principle

A

work first, then get paid

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18
Q

The debt economy

A

primary tool for current capitalist exploitation

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19
Q

How debt operates

A

-creates new class relation
-individualizes mechanism of exploitation
-hides exploitation
-illusion of self-investment
-causes shame, guilt, anxiety

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20
Q

Microfinance

A

-women borrowers
-promoted to alleviate poverty for poor and women
-allows exploitation, shame is self-managed
-it is a trap that erodes solidarity and makes capitalism hard to resist

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21
Q

Student Debt crisis

A

-parallel to microfinance
-individualization of debt
-power relations are invisible

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22
Q

Financialization of everyday life

A

more people forced to borrow from banks, debt drives this

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23
Q

Frederici’s response

A

-working class not united due to colonialism - race/gender divides
-reproductive labour maintains system
-debt economy and foundation of everyday life
-marx ignores women and sees them as victims rather than subjects
-responsibility to please men
-unwaged not valued

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24
Q

Capitalist perspective of women

A

sees them as property and uses them for the transmission of private property

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25
Q

Marx’s blindspot

A

unwaged labour, he only focused on waged labour

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26
Q

Debt’s design

A

as a standard condition of working-class conditions

27
Q

Self-empowerment

A

is hard and requires the acknowledgement of pain from the enemy and the absence of this limits black sisterhood

28
Q

Self-love

A

is hard to mother themselves and limits black sisterhood because BW cannot love others until they love themselves

29
Q

Pain

A

event, experience, and must be recognized to be changed

30
Q

Hatred

A

emotional habit/attitude that is purely negative and destroys. it is internalized by BW from the White people

31
Q

Anger as a survival strategy

A

BW internalize hatred and anger from whites to oppress each other this legacy is based on what was needed for survival

anger becomes invisible

32
Q

Anger

A

-passion of displeasure that may be excessive or misplaced but not always harmful
-does not destroy but can help clarify differences

33
Q

intersectionality

A

-no hierarchy of oppression
-interlocking systems of oppression
-Lorde: black and lesbian

34
Q

Solidarity

A

-yearn for collective without hate

35
Q

De beauvoir

A
  • femininity is in danger
    -being a man is obvious
    -woman reduced to anatomy
    -woman does not see herself without man
36
Q

muthos

A

authority - defines masculinity

37
Q

patriarchy as unique

A
  • women are not minorities
  • women do not have their own history so they have no solidarity
    -women are too tied to men to disconnect from them because their loyalty is to the man and protecting their perception to men
38
Q

structural basis of patriarchy

A
  • women as other
  • men as the default
  • asymmetric relationship
  • subordination for women, domination for men
39
Q

Why patriarchy persists

A
  • powerful due to male sovereignty
  • women consent to it
  • man assume privilege as natural (entitlement)
  • reinforcement of inferiority
  • women are complicit by agreeing to system and living through men within their relationships
40
Q

Gender blindness

A

problematic, must recognize sex due to its visibility
- women experience is not equal to manhood

41
Q

Patriarchy as profitable

A
  • unpaid labour
  • men escape vulnerability
42
Q

Women as “other”

A

she submits to power and does not define herself therefore staying stagnant

43
Q

Beard on the public voice of women

A

-public speaking as exclusive to men
-gendered speaking
-solution: go back to why spoken authority is framed as masculine
-silencing is why women as dissociated from power

44
Q

Miss Triggs question

A

how to be noticed or heard

45
Q

redefining power (Beard)

A
  • restate women as inside power not about reform
45
Q

Medusa myth

A

assaulted, could turn anyone to stone

46
Q

Faultlines of patriarchy

A

gendered public speaking
-must restate women
-reform cant fit women into a male structure

47
Q

Is revolutionary violence justifiable?

A

-self-defence (counter violence)
-irreconciable sides so one must destroy tthe other
-can’t reason with colonist, so only violence is possible
objections: cycles of violence, victims become perpetrators, and might not succeed

48
Q

colonized

A
  • wants freedom in future
  • human again through violence
  • unprivileged
  • always on guard because they are always presumed guilty
  • dreams of freedom and this is what gives them freedom at night
49
Q

colonist

A
  • fear future for colonized
    -privileged
50
Q

Making of the colonized subject

A
  • fabricated by colonists
  • Black people exist in related to whites and are reduced to objects or animals
51
Q

Decolonization

A

substitution of one species on mankind by another
agenda for disorder
creation of new man

52
Q

Colonized recognition as man

A

When they see themselves as equal their fear turns to rage and they become free by exercising liberation through violence that rids them of their inferiority complex

53
Q

Indigenous men

A

took on colonizer’s belief and continue to inflict violence as a result

54
Q

Dilemma of intersectional domination

A

-patriarchy and colonialism
-rationalizing violence of colonialism denies agency and condones colonizers
-consequence of colonialism is patriarchy and they operate together

55
Q

Colonial strategy of violence against women

A

women are excluded from self-determination and self-governance discussions
-must dismantle patriarchal power relations
-colonists see women as reproduction and that is it

56
Q

Colonial strategy

A
  • construct as deviant (hypersexualized) to justify colonialism
  • expect them to replicate victorian family
57
Q

Indigenous women as killable

A

for representing land, reproduction and indigeniety

58
Q

Violence against Indigenous women in canada

A

systemic and private
-minimal data
-victimized by the state
systemic- indian act

59
Q

Indigenous womens sovereignty

A

over their bodies cant be separated from claims to indigenous sovereignty claims for land rights

60
Q

Indigenous self-determination

A

measured by eliminating violence against women, failure to address leads to a failure of collective self-determination

61
Q

Resistance

A

Marx: mass revolution to end class (utopian) he saw resistance of mass rev.
Arendt: solidarity as resistance, power from collective
Lorde: self-empowerment as resistance

62
Q

Spectacle of resistance

A

not always productive, can be performative

PHL 501 (1 decks)

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