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Human Com. > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What Element of Com. is a fundamental for creating meaning?

A

Verbal and Nonverbal Elements

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2
Q

Define Immediacy

A

Refers to how close or involved people appear to be with each other

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3
Q

Define Paralinguistics

A

All aspects of spoken language except for the words themselves; includes rate, volume, pitch, and stress

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4
Q

What is the best way to understand the perspective of another person?

A

Understanding the world from another’s point of view

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5
Q

What are the techniques for conversing effectively?

A

Perspective taking, Conversational Awareness (familiarity with the conversational rules a culture has), & Contextual Awareness

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6
Q

What are the behaviors to display when making an apology?

A

Don’t wait, be genuine, and accept the other person’s anger

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6
Q

What are the strategies for initiating conversations?

A
  1. Approach someone and introduce yourself
  2. Ask the person how they are and combine it with a self intro
  3. Ask the person a question
  4. Make a comment on something in the environment
  5. Make a general complaint
  6. Offer a social line
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7
Q

In hurtful messages, what is the role of intention?

A

Intentional Messages are perceived as purposely causing harm to the recipient
Unintentional Messages may be somewhat less painful than those perceived as intentional

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8
Q

What are the types of Border Dwellers?

A

Border Dwellers are people who live in between cultures and often experience contradictory cultural patterns; travel, socialization, and participation in a relationship

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9
Q

What are Hofstede’s cultural dimensions?

A

Individualism, Collectivism, Preferred Personality, Human-Nature Value Orientation, Power Distance, Long Term VS Short Term, Indulgence VS Restraint

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10
Q

Define Co-Culture

A

Common interest forms a smaller culture within their large culture

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11
Q

How do Individualism and Collectivism differ?

A

Individualism: Respects the autonomy and independence of individuals
Collectivism: A value orientation that stresses the needs of the group

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12
Q

What is Ethnocentrism?

A

Evaluation of other cultures in the standards of one’s own culture.

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13
Q

What is Attraction Theory?

A

Explains the primary forces that draw people together, proximity, interpersonal attractiveness, and similarity.

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14
Q

What is Uncertainty Reduction Theory?

A

Argues relationship development is facilitated or derailed by participants’ efforts to reduce their uncertainty about each other.

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15
Q

What is Predicted Outcome Value Theory?

A

Explains how reducing uncertainty can lead to attraction OR repulsion

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16
Q

What is Social Exchange Theory?

A

The development and longevity of relationships as a result of individuals’ ability to maximize the rewards and minimize the costs of their relationships

17
Q

What is Equity Theory?

A

Argues that people are more satisfied in relationships they perceive as FAIR; where their costs are balanced by their rewards

18
Q

What is Knapp’s Stage Model?

A

Model of romantic development that views relationships as occurring in “stages” and focuses on how people communicate as relationships develop & decline.

19
Q

What are common dialectical tensions?

A

Autonomy/Connection: Need to connect with others and simultaneous need to feel independent
Expressiveness/Privacy: Need to be open and maintain some sense of privacy
Change/Predictability: Human desire for new, spontaneous events while needing some aspects of live to be stable and predictable

20
Q

What is matching hypothesis?

A

Tendency to develop relationships with people who are approximately as attractive as we are

21
Q

What are types of Termination strategies?

A

Negative Identity Management
De-Escalation Strategy
Justification Strategy
Positive Tone Strategy

22
Q

Define small groups

A

A small number of people who share a common goal, who feel connected to each other, and who coordinate their behavior. 3-5 people

23
Q

What is a Task Role?

A

Roles that are directly related to the accomplishment of group goals

24
Q

What is a Relationship Role?

A

Roles that help establish a group’s social atmosphere

25
Q

What is an Individual Role?

A

Roles that focus more on the individuals’ own interests and needs than of those of the group

26
Q

What is groupthink?

A

A negative group process characterized by “excessive concurrence thinking”

27
Q

What are disadvantages of working in small groups?

A
  1. Time Consuming
  2. May lead to too much agreement, resulting in premature decisions
  3. May silence divergent options
  4. Group discussions can be less than satisfying when some group members dominate OR withdraw
27
Q

What are the 3 leadership styles?

A

Authoritarian, Democratic, Laissez-Faire

28
Q

What are the 2 types of motivators?

A

Intrinsic motivation
Extrinsic motivation

29
Q

Define Organizational Climate

A

How organizational members feel about, or experience, the organization’s culture

30
Q

What directions does com. move in organizations and who interacts in each?

A

Downward Com: Subordinates
Upward Com: Superiors
Horizontal Com: Peers

31
Q

Define emotion labor

A

When organizations expect or require workers to display certain feelings ex: target

32
Q

Define Empowerment

A

Feeling capable of performing a job and having the authority to decide to perform it well

33
Q

What are the 3 artistic proofs?

A

Ethos, Logos, Pathos

34
Q

Which did Aristole consider most important?

A

Ethos

35
Q

Define Rhetorical Critic

A

Informed consumer of rhetorical discourse who is prepared to analyze rhetorical texts

36
Q

What were Ciero’s 3 objectives of public speaking?

A

To inform, To persuade, To entertain

37
Q

What is the most important condition for determining whether a group meeting should be called?

A

A specific goal/purpose

38
Q

What should be included as a final item in the agenda?

A

The action that needs to be taken following the meeting

Human Com. (2 decks)

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