Final exam Flashcards
Antimuscarinic agents
Drugs that block the effects of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, leading to inhibition of parasympathetic nervous system.
Bind to postsynaptic muscarinic receptors, preventing acetylcholine from binding.
Drugs:
- Atropine: widely used, quick onset, short duration (except in eye)
- Scopolamine
- Platyphylline
Used for:
- GI-disorders: control vomiting and diarrhea, ileus treatment, spasms, hypermotility
- urinary disorders
- opthalmic use (mydriasis/dilation for examination)
- respiratory conditions
- premedication before general anaesthesia
Side effects:
- Dry mouth: reduced salivation
- Tachycardia
- Urinary retention
- Large doses of scopolamine cause delirium in horses, dogs, and cats
Toxicity:
- Car more sensitive
- Horses, cattle and goats resistant to atropine via oral route, but sensitive via injection; pigs highly sensitive
- dry mouth, delirium, muscle tremors, cramping, resp. depression and eventually death
ANTIDOTE: indirect-acting cholinomimetics
