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FINAL EXAM Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Defining personality disorders

A
  • unusual
  • problematic
  • impact social relations
  • stable over time
  • ego-syntonic (view it as who they are as a person)
  • any trait taken to the extreme can be pathological
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2
Q

6 personality disorders

A
  1. schizotypal
  2. narcissistic
  3. antisocial
  4. borderline
  5. avoidant
  6. obsessive-compulsive
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3
Q

schizotypal

A
  • people are unconventional
  • hard to relate to others
  • men
  • quirky, odd, eccentric, 0.5-3.5%
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4
Q

narcissistic

A
  • inflated self-esteem, expect praise
  • exploitive, sensitive to criticism, ego-syntonic
  • 0-6.2%
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5
Q

antisocial

A
  • dishonest, lie, cheat, impulsive
  • men
  • heartless, psychopathy, addiction
  • 0.2-3.3%
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6
Q

borderline

A
  • different day to day, self harm
  • women
  • chaotic, instability
    -2%
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7
Q

avoidant

A
  • feels inadequate
  • expect the worse
  • 2.4%
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8
Q

obsessive compulsive

A
  • order, structure
  • rituals, hard workers, ego-syntonic
  • 2.1-7.9%
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9
Q

DSM vs ICD-11 creators

A

DSM: American psychology association
ICD-11: WHO

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10
Q

Bad 5 (DSM)

A
  1. negative affectivity
  2. detatchment
  3. antagonism
  4. disinhibition
  5. psychoticsm
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11
Q

Bad 5 (ICD-11)

A
  1. negative affectivity
  2. detatchment
  3. dissociality
  4. dishinibition
  5. anakastia
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12
Q

DSM diagnosis

A
  1. asses clients personality functioning
  2. asses if at least 1 of 6 disorders is present
  3. asses each of 5 maladaptive traits
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13
Q

ICD diagnosis

A
  1. asses degree of disfunction
  2. can be qualified by description of domain traits
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14
Q

diagnosis

A

labelling: somewhat misleading but useful

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15
Q

ways of testing stability vs change

A

research design:
- cross sectional: compare different age groups (dis: cohort differences)
- longitudinal: measures same individuals over time

analytical approach:
- mean level: time1 - time2 = mean level
- >0 increase
- =0 stable
- <0 decreased

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16
Q

maturity principle

A

people mature in predictable ways

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17
Q

big 5 maturity

A
  • extraversion: increase until middle age, then stabilize
  • neg emotionality: decrease until middle age, then stabilize
  • agreeableness + conscientiousness: steadily increase across lifespan
  • openness: initial increase, stability, later decrease
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18
Q

rank order

A

rank order of people over time
- correlation (r): r>0 more stability r<0 more change
- big 5: increasing stability

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19
Q

continuity vs plasticity principle

A

C: personality is increasingly stable
P: you can always change but it gets hard

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20
Q

drivers of personality change + stability

A
  • enviornmental: have kids, find partners, social investment principle (change in role change personality)
  • biological: brain development and decline (prozac)
  • transactional: active: choose their environments
    –>reactive: experience environment differently
    –> evocative: change their enviornments
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21
Q

can we change our personality

A
  • have to want to
  • have to think its possible
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22
Q

self regulated behavioural change

A

eventually behaviour becomes habitual, trait change

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23
Q

goal setting to change behaviour

Study These Flashcards
A

DONT: im going to be more studious (trait level)
DO: if… then… (if im assigned homework then I will complete it that night)

24
Q

Big 5 likable people

Study These Flashcards
A
  • sociability: outgoing
  • energy level: energetic/active
  • assertiveness: dominant/controlling
  • thankful, polite
25
communal orientation
- motivated to meet partners needs - not contingent on partners actions
26
speed dating
- picky, less attracted to others - warm, more attracted to others - extraversion, more interest
27
contempt
cold, arrogant, less committed, dissatisfied with partner, low agreeableness
28
rejection sensitivity
- hyper vigilant for rejection - mis-utilize cues - leading to anxiety - I data can be causal
29
interpersonal cirumplux
- X-axis: cold<-(communion)->warm - Y-axis (up->down) dominant<-(agency)->submissive - diagonal (right up): Extraversion<-->Introversion - diagonal (left up): Calculating<-->Unassuming
30
principles of vectors
1. Angle: angle of vector describes behaviour 2. Length: intensity of behaviour, longer=more intense 3. Spin: angle as it changes over time, stability
31
complimentary principles
- if dom, inviting someone to be sub - if warm, inviting someone to be warm - if cold, inviting you to be cold - if introverted, inviting you to be calculating
32
who uses online dating
big 5: r=0 rejection sensitivity: r=.14
33
compatibility
similarity importance: typical person attracted to typical person, understand eachother similarity not important: people like extraversion + agreeableness, 2 people high in rejection sensitivity is not good
34
strategic misrepresentation
50% of people lie men: lie about height women: lie about weight
35
big 5 and lying
less likely to lie: agreeable, conscientious, open-minded extraversion: depends on context, dont lie about hobbies but lie about relationships
36
linguistic cues
- few self references: lying - lying: increased negations, few words
37
culture
psychological aspects of groups - languages, modes of thinking, values, norms, ethnicity, transportation, sports, univerisities
38
how do you get cultured
- enculturation: born into it - acculuration: travel, adapt, learn it
39
International understanding
unattended children, "embracing", "criminal", marijuana legalization, gun violence, winter driving
40
external validity
WEIRD (western, educated, industrialized, rich, democratic)
41
understanding whole persons
experience of the world, meaning of behaviours
42
etics vs emics
etics: universal core components of an idea emics: specific aspects or particulars of an idea
43
easy vs tough cultures
E: people can pursue many paths to success T: few paths to success
44
Achievement vs Affiliation
Achieve: emphasis need to achieve Affil: emphasis love and affiliation
45
Tightness vs looseness
T: not ok to derive from norms (priority seating) L: ok to derive from norms (jaywalking)
46
head vs heart
head: artistic excellence, creativity, curiosity (san fran, LA) heart: fairness, gratitude, love (Miami, Virginia)
47
individualism
- how individuals relate to society - higher behaviour consistency - more autobiographies - more social, few arranged marriages
48
collectivism
- needs of many outweighs need of own - fewer autobiography - less social - emotions other focused
49
big 5 strong claim
big 5 universal across all cultures - statistically similar in all countries - Botswana + Nigeria lowest simularity
50
forager-horticulturalist tribe Bolivia
- big 2: prosocial + industrious
51
multiculturalism
- place representing many cultures -many cultures within an individual
52
bilingual 2 personalities
-monoculture American : bi cultural - bi-cultural: monoculture mexican
53
ethnocentrism
judging another culture from POV of your own
54
exaggerating differences
implies all people form the same country are same 1. trying to find differencees 2. poor statical valdity 3. outgrip homogeneity bias: people perceive more differences in own culture than others
55
within culture changes
- culture isn't unchanged, increased individualism - increasing extraversion, corporate culture consultant
56
integration evolution
- culture, tools more accessible - distal --> proximal

Personality (1 decks)

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