Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Promotion > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is Arrhythmias

A

Abnormal heart rhythm caused by hearts electrical system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)

A

valves of the heart are damaged, impairing its capability to control the direction of blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two ways cancer can be classified

A
  1. The type of tissue in which the cancer originates (histological)
  2. By primary site, or the location in the body where the cancer first developed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a carcinoma (cancer)

A

Malignancies of epithelial tissue (soft tissue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a sarcoma (cancer)

A

Tumors can be found anywhere in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a lymphoma (cancer)

A

Develop in the glands or the nodes of the lymphatic system. Can also develop in specific organs such as the stomach, breast or brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Leukaemia

A

liquid/blood cancer due to overproduction of WBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 4 different types of leukaemia

A

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML)
Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is myeloma (cancer)

A

Originates in the plasma of bone marrow. When cells invade the bone, they cause multiple areas of damage that weaken the bone and cause lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what % does smoking contribute to cancer in aus

A

13%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how does PA reduce colorectal cancer

A

Energy balance
Hormone metabolism
Insulin regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does PA reduce breast cancer

A
  • lowering hormone levels, particularly in premenopausal women
  • Lowering levels of insulin and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), improving the immune response
  • Assisting with weight maintenance to avoid a high body mass and excess body fat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Is type 1 diabetes insulin dependent or non insulin dependent. Is this the most common form in Aus?

A

insulin dependent
No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is type 2 diabetes insulin dependent or non insulin dependent. Is this the most common form in Aus?

A

non insulin dependent.
Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can PA help diabetes

A

Blood sugar control
Better cholesterol and blood lipid profiles
Lowers BP
Weight Management
Lower Risk of CVD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Safety considerations for diabetes during PA

A

Wear MedicAlert bracelet
Have a friend who knows you have diabetes
Monitor your blood glucose
Carry some form of fast acting CHO (e.g glucose tablets or lollies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Best way to achieve peak bone mass

A

Starting load bearing activities during childhood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are risk factors of osteoporosis

A

Certain conditions and medications contribute to increased risk

Low calcium and vit D levels increase risk

Low physical activity, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and excess weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Can osteoporosis be genetically inherited

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How can you prevent osteoporosis

A

increase peak bone mass prior to 18-30 yrs of age

Decrease rate of bone loss that occurs after the age of 40-50 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Medicinal Treatment of Osteoporosis

A

Calcium supplementation

Bisphosphonates to prevent loss of bone mass

Hormone replacement therapy such as estrogen

vit D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How much can PA prevent or reverse bone loss per year in both pre and post menopausal women

A

1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Risk factors of osteoarthritis

A

Excess weight puts extra stress on the joints

Repeated abnormal stress (e.g elite athletes, construction workers) may be at greater risk

24
Q

Prevention of osteoarthritis

A

Nutrition
Increasing flexibility
Heat and cold therapy

25
Q

What is eustress

A

stress that is health or gives one a feeling of fulfillment or other positive feelings

26
Q

What is distress

A

stress that is unhealthy, under which our physical and mental health deteriorate

27
Q

What is the Health Belief Model

A

People are more likely to change their health if they think they are susceptible to a certain illness or they think the benefits outweigh the barriers

28
Q

What is the theory of reasoned action and planned behaviour

A

Behaviour is voluntary, and our personal attitudes towards outcomes affect if we follow a certain behaviour

29
Q

What are the 3 determinants of the theory of reasoned action and planned behaviour

A
  1. Attitudes towards behaviour
  2. Subjective norms
  3. Perceived behavioural control
30
Q

What are negatives of the theory of reasoned action and planned behaviour

A

Assumes that behaviour is a linear decision making process

The timeframe between “intent” and “behavioural action” is not addressed by the theory

Does not take into account, environmental economic factors that may influence a persons intention to perform a behaviour

31
Q

What are the 5 stages of the transtheoretical model

A
  1. Pre-contemplation
  2. Contemplation
  3. Preparation
  4. Action
  5. Maintenance
32
Q

What is pre-contemplation in the transtheoretical model

A

consciously not considering change

33
Q

What is contemplation in the transtheoretical model

A

A person consider is making a change to their lifestyle

34
Q

what is preparation in the transtheoretical model

A

Person makes a serious commitment to change

35
Q

What is Action in the transtheoretical model

A

Change is initiated

36
Q

What is maintenance in the transtheoretical model

A

Sustaining the lifestyle change

37
Q

What are limitations of the transtheoretical model

A

Assumes that people want to change or would want to change if they knew better.

Treats people in each stage as if they are all the same.

Do people have to go through all stages?

38
Q

What is the social cognitive theory

A

The social environment, personal characteristics of the individual, and behaviour interact and influence each other.

39
Q

Provide an example of the social cognitive theory

A

If we’re not allowed to smoke in a shopping centre, and could get fined, then this regulation makes it less easy to become a smoker

OR

If people give us a dirty glance at a party for smoking, this is discouraging in a more subtle way

40
Q

What is reciprocal determinism in the social cognitive theory

A

The way in which an individual, their environment and their behaviour, continuously interact and influence each other

41
Q

What are the 4 main sources to developing self-efficacy

A
  1. Mastering experiences
  2. Vicarious experiences provided by social models
  3. Social persuasion
  4. Reducing people’s stress reactions
42
Q

What are some demographic and biological Correlates of Physical Activity

A

Age
Gender
SES
Occupational status
Martial status
Overweight/obesity

43
Q

What are some psychological, cognitive and emotional Correlates of Physical Activity

A

Self efficacy
Perceived benefits
Barriers to PA
Stages of change (transtheoretical model)
Perceived health
Intention to being PA
Enjoyment of PA

44
Q

What are some behavioural attributes and skills Correlates of Physical Activity

A

Dietary habits
Smoking status
Decisional balance
Past exercise/PA behaviour and habit

45
Q

What are some socio-cultural Correlates of Physical Activity

A

Social support
Culture/ethnicity

46
Q

What are some environmental Correlates of Physical Activity

A

Access to facilities
Weather
Community level influences

47
Q

What percentage of elderly men were insufficiently active

A

69%

48
Q

What percentage of elderly women were insufficiently active

A

75%

49
Q

What percentage of indigenous adults were overweight or obese

A

66%

50
Q

What percentage of aboriginal adults were sufficiently active

A

38%

51
Q

What percentage of aboriginal children were sufficiently active

A

48%

52
Q

What percentage of aboriginal adults meet both the PA and screen based guidelines

A

25%

53
Q

What is process evaluation

A

Examines the way the program was implemented and delivered

54
Q

What are the 4 creases process evaluation focuses on

A
  1. Reach
  2. Satisfaction
  3. Implementation
  4. Materials
55
Q

What is impact evaluation

A

The impact the program has (e.g policy changes, awareness, skills)

Immediate

56
Q

What is outcome evaluation

A

Long term effects of the program (e.g ↑ in PA, n,
↓ in smoking)

57
Q
A

Health Promotion (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions