Final Exam Flashcards
What are some notable things about Job?
- has words that only occur once in the whole Bible
- odd syntax (during exile)
- similar to ANE text “Man and His God”; difference here is that Job supposedly did nothing wrong, while the man in the story did
- dialogue with “friends”
In Ecclesiastes, what does Qohelet mean?
it means “one who addresses the assembly”
What are some differences between Job and Lamentations?
Job:
- deals in extremities
- doesn’t understand what he might’ve done wrong
- good stuff at the end
Lamentations:
- author is willing to own that they caused these events to fall upon them
- a different kind of misery (suffering affliction that you yourself caused)
- good stuff in the middle
What are some notable things about Isaiah?
- Jeroboam II is the king of Israel during this time
- Israel is wealthy and powerful
- Israel leaders are abusing the poor and being unfaithful to Yahweh
- Isaiah warns Israel to turn back to God so that the Assyrians don’t take over
think: Isaiah warns about Assyria, Israel gets cocky
ALSO
- final chapters in Isaiah are messages of hope and judgement
- encouragement to those in Babylon
- foreshadowing of John the Baptist
- 60 years in exile
- assimilation vs. nationalism (loss of cultural identity in Babylon)
- oracle of assurance
think: Isaiah encouragement exile, warning about Assyrians
What are some notable facts about Jeremiah?
- much more intense life than Ezekiel
- not many people listened to him
- the Lord can replace his people and reshape them like clay
- Jehoiakim cuts his scroll
- Johanan son of Kareah rejects his prophesy
- a NEW prophesy! the Lord will put His word on the people’s hearts so that they can know Him. also their sins will be forgiven
think: Jeremiah jail-time, and a NEW covenent
What are some notable facts about Ezekiel?
- his book is better organized, probably because poor Jeremiah was on the run all the time (oracles against Judah, oracles against the Nations, restoration of Judah)
- lived in a prosperous exilic community
- good figs and bad figs (exilic community in Babylon vs. wicked kings)
- Eastern Babylonian imagery (Pazuzu the demon)
- motif in Ezekiel: emphasis on the individual (Ezekiel’s responsibility to share the Word with others)
- forehead marks
- ends w/ vision of restored temple
- dry bone vision, living creature and wheel with eyes visions
think: Ezekiel the exile holds the individual responsible and is better organized (also weird visions)
What are some notable facts about Micah?
1) he is a contemporary of Isaiah from the little town of Moresheth
Micah -> gospel in the country
Isaiah -> gospel in the city
2) Micah 5:2
- a ruler over Israel, origins are from of old, ancient times (Bethlehem)
- quoted in Matthew, referring to Jesus
3) Micah 6:8
- “what does the Lord require of you? to act justly and to love mercy and walk humbly with your God”
think: Micah not Isaiah in Moresheth, Bethlehem, and loving mercy
What are some notable facts about Nahum?
1) wrath/prophecy against Nineveh
think: Nahum against Nineveh
What are some notable facts about Obadiah?
1) only 1 chapter; prophecy against Edom (Psalm 137)
think: Obadiah against Edom
What are some notable facts about Zephaniah?
1) “all the Earth judged”
2) “but I will leave within you the meek and humble. they will seek refuge in the name of the Lord.”
think: Zepheniah, Z Hopkins was judged by his mom and was very meek. He sought refuge under the bleachers
What are some notable facts about Habakkuk?
1) challenges/questions God’s justice in using the Babylonians to judge Judah
2) 2:4b ; “…but the righteous shall live by his faith/faithfulness.”
think: Habakkuk challenges his dad at church, “but the righteous shall live by his faith”
What are some notable facts about Haggai?
- a post-exilic prophet
1) speaks in very plain language - “these people say, ‘The time has not yet come to rebuild the Lord’s house…’ Is it a time for you yourselves to be living in your paneled houses, while this house remains a ruin?”
think: Haggai, the truth hurts (paneled houses vs. house in ruins)
What are some notable facts about Zechariah?
(same message as Haggai but more convoluted - also post-exilic)
1) “branch from Jesse” –> descendent of David
- priests come from the tribe of Levi, kings come from the tribe of Judah, until….
- “There shall be a priest on his throne”
- informed Chronicles
2) prophesying Palm Sunday
- riding on a donkey
3) 13:7b
- “strike the shepherd and the sheep will scatter” (also quoted in the NT)
- prophesying the scattering of Jesus’ disciples
think: Zechariah prophesied a priest and a palm and scattering of sheep
What are some notable facts about Malachi?
- ALSO post-exilic
1) 1:6-8 (wasting money on expensive cookies; not enough money for church) - defiled animal sacrifices (good animals go to the governor)
- governors replace kings under Persian rule
2) 4:5-6 - “I will send the prophet Elijah to you before that great and dreadful day of the Lord comes. He will turn the hearts of the parents to their children, and the hearts of the children to their parents…”
- transitions into Matthew 1
- John the Baptist IS the Elijah as he performs his mission
- also: “YOU may say, but I say…”
think: Malachi, moving into Matthew, defiled sacrifices and “Elijah” in quotations
What are some notable facts about Amos?
- “For three sins…even four…!”
- Israel’s crap treatment of the poor
- hypocrisy of Israelites; their sacrifices mean nothing because they “despise the one with integrity,” etc.
- both king and priest alike thought Amos was conspiring against the king, and told him to flee to Judah
- Israel’s exodus from Egypt mentioned
think: Amos, the numerical man (three sins even four), prophesies about hypocrisy, priest and king sense a conspiracy, exodus from Egypt
