Final Exam Flashcards
Stirrups (air casts) limit — motion
Triplanar motion
Is there clear evidence for cushioning insoles reducing LE injury?
No clear evidence - insoles most likely do NOT prevent LE injury
Articulated AO (ie active ankle) allows for what motions?
ALLOWS for PF/DF
Flexion/ext occurs in the — plane
Sagittal
Abduction/ADduction occurs in the — plane
Frontal plane
IR/ER occurs in the — plane
Transverse
Lace ups (ie swede-o) resist — plane translation
Sagital
What AO for ankle sprains is best for basketball to prevent sprains
Articulated (ie active ankle) because allows for PF/DF
Do AOs have an effect on proprioception?
No
What AO allows for the greatest torque and ROM?
Articulated ankle
How much does a semi rigid AO limit ROM?
Semi rigid - limits 27-42%
What is the best way to prevent an ankle sprain?
Combine neuromuscular training with bracing (brace while training) but its very time consuming
For fx and acute ankle injuries use a
CAM walker
If you have plantar fasciitis, which is better for pain reduction - boot or foot orthoses?
Foot orthoses
Dynasplints are used instead of a — to —
Used instead of casting to increase ROM
What is the difference between an MCL/LCL brace and ACL/PCL brace?
MCL only has lateral uprights – no front piece
After ACL injury/surgery, a functional KO works to decrease what motions ?
Decr anterior translation and frontal-transverse plane motion
Does a functional KO prevent injury to unstable knees ?
Unclear evidence; ACL braces help prevent further ACL injuries but there are more MCL tears
The muscle activity that takes place when you’re wearing a functional AO after an ACL injury is..
Quads more v hamstrings
Does a functional KO improve ACL rehab outcomes?
No change in ROM, laxity, strength and function
What should be used for patella alignment ?
Clinical outcomes are controversial – either Palumbo (pads, straps to normalize patellar tracking) or McConnell taping technique could work
What type of wedge is used for medial knee OA?
Lateral wedge will unweight the medial side of the knee
Are straps beneficial to reduce tendinitis pain ?
No clear change in pain or strength
After a hemi-arthroplasty REVISION, what is the death rate ?
65% died in 6 months (because usually an emergency situation so incr risk)
Loosening up of a THR occurs how often?
Loosening in up to 40% in 10 years
Rehab HO inhibits hip dislocation by fixing –
Fixed abduction position and fixed rotation, adjustable Sagital plane motion
Pavlik Harness is a congenital hip dislocation - to solve, positions hip in..
Hip flexion and abduction (up to 97% successful in 1-4 weeks)
If there is major trauma to the neck, what do you do?
Do NOT MOVE THEM ; do not use soft collars (try don’t limit ROM)
After a spinal fx, you can use int or ext fixator. Use orthoses for extra support after fusion/int fixator for — weeks.
6-10
After a spinal fx, you can use int or ext fixator. An ext fixator limits – motions and gives poor control of — .
Limits F E SB & ROT; BUT poor control of lumbar rotation
Compression of an external fixator provides — support – for —-
Vertical support for lumbar spine
Do orthoses for spinal fx work for pain relief ?
Controversial – may result in resisted motion, and excessive motion occurs around it (DOES NOT PREVENT INJURY)
How much motion does a halo limit?
90% of all ROM
Jewett Brace (which has sternal & pubic band, stiff thoracic pad, uprights) limits..
FLEXION from T6-L1 & prevents sidebending
the Cruciform or CASH brace, which consists of sternal & pubic pads, CROSS FRAME, thoracic strap, LIMITS…
flexion from T6-L1
a semirigid plastic TLSO (body jacket) limits..
TRIPLANAR motion from T7-L5
Knight-Spinal components LSO is used – and limits motion WHERE?
AFTER a FX; from T10-L4
a CHAIR BACK BRACE is used …
after a stable OR unstable L2-L4 fx
Lumbar corsets are used for –
– are they recommended as an intervention for LBP?
stable fxs ONLY
–NOT used as a SOLE intervention, but do correlate with a decrease in LBP
when using an orthotic, esp in the spine, what typically happens to teh surrounding segments (that aren’t included in the orthotic)?
Instability is increased above & below the stabilized segment
what should you use for a pt with an L5 fx (after an L5-S1 fusion to fix it)
- -DO NOT just use an LSO because that will INCREASE L5-S1 motion
- -USE an LSO with a hip spica because it LIMITS L5-S1 motion; but it SEVERELY limits fxnl mvmt & alters seated posture
What spinal segments generally do not require brace?
T2-T9 (generally supported by rib cage so fairly stable environment)
what does an SI belt do (function?)?
gives COMPRESSION around the SI & pubic joints
-reduces tensile stress
-approximates joints
ALSO REDUCES SI MOBILITY (sacral nutation) - improves glut activity
Sacral belts are NOT recommended for . (2)
1) positional fault
2) HYPOmobile joints
what patients typically experience relief from using an SI belt?
1) bilat hypermobile jts
2) pregnant women
SHOULD orthoses be used for idiopathic scoliosis?
CONTROVERSIAL – there are strong advocates against and for early bracing; it MAY prevent the progression of deformity but does not correct deformity already in place
Ankle DF at heel off greatest w which AFO?
HAFO>PLO>AFO
Craig Scott KAFO can be used W ..
Low- mid or high T paraplegia
- incl bail lock, offset knee, ankle locked at 5-10 deg DF & ext knee
to allow for gait in pts w SCI, SB at levels up to T3.. (ESP T3-T12), use..
RGO BUT energy cost 8x more than normal and gait speed 10x slower so compliance is low
Median nerve palsy use
Web spacer/short opponents
Ulnar nerve palsy use..
MP ext block (lumbricals!!)
Radial nerve palsy use..
Wrist cock up to maintain wrist ext and forearm based dorsal outrigger
In C1-C4 tetrapalegia use
Long opponens
L3-S2 parapalegica use
AFOs
