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Orthotics > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

0
Q

Stirrups (air casts) limit — motion

A

Triplanar motion

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1
Q

Is there clear evidence for cushioning insoles reducing LE injury?

A

No clear evidence - insoles most likely do NOT prevent LE injury

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2
Q

Articulated AO (ie active ankle) allows for what motions?

A

ALLOWS for PF/DF

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3
Q

Flexion/ext occurs in the — plane

A

Sagittal

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4
Q

Abduction/ADduction occurs in the — plane

A

Frontal plane

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5
Q

IR/ER occurs in the — plane

A

Transverse

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6
Q

Lace ups (ie swede-o) resist — plane translation

A

Sagital

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7
Q

What AO for ankle sprains is best for basketball to prevent sprains

A

Articulated (ie active ankle) because allows for PF/DF

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8
Q

Do AOs have an effect on proprioception?

A

No

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9
Q

What AO allows for the greatest torque and ROM?

A

Articulated ankle

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10
Q

How much does a semi rigid AO limit ROM?

A

Semi rigid - limits 27-42%

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11
Q

What is the best way to prevent an ankle sprain?

A

Combine neuromuscular training with bracing (brace while training) but its very time consuming

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12
Q

For fx and acute ankle injuries use a

A

CAM walker

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13
Q

If you have plantar fasciitis, which is better for pain reduction - boot or foot orthoses?

A

Foot orthoses

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14
Q

Dynasplints are used instead of a — to —

A

Used instead of casting to increase ROM

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15
Q

What is the difference between an MCL/LCL brace and ACL/PCL brace?

A

MCL only has lateral uprights – no front piece

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16
Q

After ACL injury/surgery, a functional KO works to decrease what motions ?

A

Decr anterior translation and frontal-transverse plane motion

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17
Q

Does a functional KO prevent injury to unstable knees ?

A

Unclear evidence; ACL braces help prevent further ACL injuries but there are more MCL tears

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18
Q

The muscle activity that takes place when you’re wearing a functional AO after an ACL injury is..

A

Quads more v hamstrings

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19
Q

Does a functional KO improve ACL rehab outcomes?

A

No change in ROM, laxity, strength and function

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20
Q

What should be used for patella alignment ?

A

Clinical outcomes are controversial – either Palumbo (pads, straps to normalize patellar tracking) or McConnell taping technique could work

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21
Q

What type of wedge is used for medial knee OA?

A

Lateral wedge will unweight the medial side of the knee

22
Q

Are straps beneficial to reduce tendinitis pain ?

A

No clear change in pain or strength

23
Q

After a hemi-arthroplasty REVISION, what is the death rate ?

A

65% died in 6 months (because usually an emergency situation so incr risk)

24
Q

Loosening up of a THR occurs how often?

A

Loosening in up to 40% in 10 years

25
Q

Rehab HO inhibits hip dislocation by fixing –

A

Fixed abduction position and fixed rotation, adjustable Sagital plane motion

26
Q

Pavlik Harness is a congenital hip dislocation - to solve, positions hip in..

A

Hip flexion and abduction (up to 97% successful in 1-4 weeks)

27
Q

If there is major trauma to the neck, what do you do?

A

Do NOT MOVE THEM ; do not use soft collars (try don’t limit ROM)

28
Q

After a spinal fx, you can use int or ext fixator. Use orthoses for extra support after fusion/int fixator for — weeks.

A

6-10

29
Q

After a spinal fx, you can use int or ext fixator. An ext fixator limits – motions and gives poor control of — .

A

Limits F E SB & ROT; BUT poor control of lumbar rotation

30
Q

Compression of an external fixator provides — support – for —-

A

Vertical support for lumbar spine

31
Q

Do orthoses for spinal fx work for pain relief ?

A

Controversial – may result in resisted motion, and excessive motion occurs around it (DOES NOT PREVENT INJURY)

32
Q

How much motion does a halo limit?

A

90% of all ROM

33
Q

Jewett Brace (which has sternal & pubic band, stiff thoracic pad, uprights) limits..

A

FLEXION from T6-L1 & prevents sidebending

34
Q

the Cruciform or CASH brace, which consists of sternal & pubic pads, CROSS FRAME, thoracic strap, LIMITS…

A

flexion from T6-L1

35
Q

a semirigid plastic TLSO (body jacket) limits..

A

TRIPLANAR motion from T7-L5

36
Q

Knight-Spinal components LSO is used – and limits motion WHERE?

A

AFTER a FX; from T10-L4

37
Q

a CHAIR BACK BRACE is used …

A

after a stable OR unstable L2-L4 fx

38
Q

Lumbar corsets are used for –

– are they recommended as an intervention for LBP?

A

stable fxs ONLY

–NOT used as a SOLE intervention, but do correlate with a decrease in LBP

39
Q

when using an orthotic, esp in the spine, what typically happens to teh surrounding segments (that aren’t included in the orthotic)?

A

Instability is increased above & below the stabilized segment

40
Q

what should you use for a pt with an L5 fx (after an L5-S1 fusion to fix it)

A
  • -DO NOT just use an LSO because that will INCREASE L5-S1 motion
  • -USE an LSO with a hip spica because it LIMITS L5-S1 motion; but it SEVERELY limits fxnl mvmt & alters seated posture
41
Q

What spinal segments generally do not require brace?

A

T2-T9 (generally supported by rib cage so fairly stable environment)

42
Q

what does an SI belt do (function?)?

A

gives COMPRESSION around the SI & pubic joints
-reduces tensile stress
-approximates joints
ALSO REDUCES SI MOBILITY (sacral nutation) - improves glut activity

43
Q

Sacral belts are NOT recommended for . (2)

A

1) positional fault

2) HYPOmobile joints

44
Q

what patients typically experience relief from using an SI belt?

A

1) bilat hypermobile jts

2) pregnant women

45
Q

SHOULD orthoses be used for idiopathic scoliosis?

A

CONTROVERSIAL – there are strong advocates against and for early bracing; it MAY prevent the progression of deformity but does not correct deformity already in place

46
Q

Ankle DF at heel off greatest w which AFO?

A

HAFO>PLO>AFO

47
Q

Craig Scott KAFO can be used W ..

A

Low- mid or high T paraplegia

- incl bail lock, offset knee, ankle locked at 5-10 deg DF & ext knee

48
Q

to allow for gait in pts w SCI, SB at levels up to T3.. (ESP T3-T12), use..

A

RGO BUT energy cost 8x more than normal and gait speed 10x slower so compliance is low

49
Q

Median nerve palsy use

A

Web spacer/short opponents

50
Q

Ulnar nerve palsy use..

A

MP ext block (lumbricals!!)

51
Q

Radial nerve palsy use..

A

Wrist cock up to maintain wrist ext and forearm based dorsal outrigger

52
Q

In C1-C4 tetrapalegia use

A

Long opponens

53
Q

L3-S2 parapalegica use

A

AFOs

Orthotics (2 decks)

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