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Anatomy and physiology 1 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Where do cells get their energy to do work?

A

ATP

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2
Q

What do proteins do?

A

They provide structural support, to transport substances and make chemical reactions happen

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3
Q

What is H2O connected by?

A

Polar covalent bonds

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4
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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5
Q

Where are phospholipids found?

A

Forming the plasma membranes of a cell

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6
Q

What serves as the backbone of other molecules such as cholesterol and hormones?

A

Steroids

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7
Q

Tissues are composed of what?

A

Composed of similar or the same cells

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8
Q

What dictates the behavior of an atom?

A

The number of electrons in the outer orbit of an atom

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9
Q

What controls homeostasis?

A

The nervous and endocrine system

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10
Q

What is a monosaccharide?

A

Simple sugars, large carbohydrates are composed of monosaccharides and an example is glucose

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11
Q

What is an example of salt placed in water?

A

KCl= K+Cl-

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12
Q

pH is the measure of…

A

H+ or OH- concentration in a solution

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13
Q

What is the pH of blood?

A

7.4

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14
Q

What are the basic life processes?

A

Metabolism, movement, responsiveness, reproduction, growth, and differentiation

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15
Q

What is an example of acid placed in water?

A

HCl=H+ +Cl-

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16
Q

Which of the following is not a compound?
Na+
H2O
A protein
CaCl

A

Na+

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17
Q

What is a chemical reaction involving breaking down called?

A

A catabolic reaction

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18
Q

What is a characteristic of a protein?

A

Proteins work based on their shapes

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19
Q

What are the two types of nucleic acids?

A

RNA and DNA

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20
Q

What is a special property of water?

A

Thermal properties- It takes a great deal of energy to change its temperature

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21
Q

What is anatomy?

A

The study of body structures

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22
Q

What is an organ?

A

Different tissue types working together

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23
Q

What do all proteins contain that carbohydrates do not contain?

A

Nitrogen

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24
Q

An enzyme is what type of organic compound?

A

A protein

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25
Q

What forms when electrons are shared?

A

Covalent bonds

26
Q

What is a technical term for fats?

A

Triglycerides

27
Q

What is physiology?

A

The study of body functions

28
Q

Which is bonded nonpolar covalently
O2
H2O
Na+

A

O2

29
Q

What type of bond forms between molecules that have polar covalent bonds?

A

Hydrogen bonds

30
Q

What are the classes of lipids?

A

Steroids, phospholipids, and triglycerides

31
Q

What are organic compounds?

A

Proteins, carbohydrates and ATP

32
Q

Where can nucleotides be found doing?

A

Forming nucleic acids

33
Q

What type of bond breaks in water?

A

Ionic bonds

34
Q

What is cell differentiation?

A

When a cell divides to perform a task more specific

35
Q

What could happen if there is a decrease in pH?

A

Proteins could loose their function by going through protein denaturation

36
Q

What are solutes in the body?

A

Glucose, amino acids, ions and glucose

37
Q

Any chemical reaction that occurs in the body requires…

A

An enzyme

38
Q

What does DNA do?

A

Provides instructions for the building of all proteins

39
Q

What will not mix with water?

A

a polar and non polar covalently bonded substance

40
Q

An increase in body temperature is a concern… Why?

A

Enzymes can loose their shape; thereby loosing their function

41
Q

Inorganic substances?

A

Small in size, acids are inorganic

42
Q

Catabolic reaction associated with ATP?

A

ATP= ADP+P+energy

43
Q

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is related to…

A

The function shape and location of hydrogen bonds in proteins

44
Q

What is a synthesis reaction?

A

An anabolic reaction

45
Q

What is a simple sugar?

A

Glucose

46
Q

What is a composed of glucose molecules bound together?

A

Glycogen

47
Q

Where is stored glucose found?

A

In the liver

48
Q

What is the largest carbohydrate?

A

Polysacchaaride

49
Q

What can be added to a patients blood to bring the patients blood back up to pH level?

A

A base

50
Q

What must a body experience to survive?

A

Responsiveness, growth and reproduction

51
Q

If an atom has 6 electrons, how many does the outer orbit need for it to be stable?

A

4

52
Q

What is found in adipose tissue?

A

Triglycerides

53
Q

what is an atom?

A

A unit of an element and is composed of 3 different particles

54
Q

What are hydrogen bonds?

A

Extreme changes in pH and temperature will break them, and they are found in proteins

55
Q

What is the strongest bond?

A

covalent

56
Q

What is basic pH?

A

8.4

57
Q

What is a proteins shape related to?

A

It’s function

58
Q

The loss of a function of a protein…

A

Denaturation, breaking of hydrogen bonds, loss in shape

59
Q

What compounds have ionic bonds?

A

Salts, bases, and acids

60
Q

What is metabolism?

A

a sum of all the chemical reactions in the body

61
Q

What is the level of structural organization from smallest to biggest?

A

Chemistry, cell, tissue, organs, organ systems

Anatomy and physiology 1 (1 decks)

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