final exam Flashcards
define collective dose
the risk for the population as a whole
who discovered mutagenesis
Herman mueller
what is mutagenesis
that ionizing radiation produces mutations
what animal was used in the discovery of mutagenesis
fruit flies
what is the measure of the ionization of air
air kerma
what is the energy that is absorbed in matter
gray
what is the unit for occupational exposure / dose equivalent
sievert
what is the most commonly used unit for occupational workers
mSv
Radiographers: whole body dose
50mSv / 5 rem yearly
radiographers: lens of eye dose
150mSv / yr
radiographers: whole body skin dose
500 mSv / 50 rem / year
radiographers: extremities dose
500 mSv/ 50 rem / yr / each extremity
dose for embryo / fetus / pregnancy
.5 mSv / .05 rem / month
annual dose for radiographers
50 mSv
what is the main source of radiation to the US population
radon
what does the NCRP do
collects, analyze, develop and disseminate radiation protection measurements, quantities and units
where does the NCRP get their information from
BEIR and NSC
when is occupational radiation monitoring required
when the person has a chance to receive more than 1/10th of the recommended dose limit
what are the two main groups for radiation protection
- radiation workers (occupationally exposed & occasionally exposed)
- general public
what is the dose limit doe general public
1/10th of rad workers (5mSv / .5 rem)
six ways to ensure the patient is protected as much as possible
- avoid errors by verifying requisition and verify pt ID
- avoid repeats
- maintain minimum 40 sid
- shield
- collimate
- use highest kvp and lowest mas possible
what does a geiger mueller do
detects the presence of alpha and beta radiation
what does a cutie pie do
measures the exposure rate for xray gamma alpha and beta
what do occupational radiation monitors detect
quantity of radiation