Final Exam Flashcards
6 AC dislocations
1: sprain
2: AC joint disrupted and AC ligament injury
3: AC and coracoclavicular ligaments, deltoid, and trap injury
4: posterior
5: 100-300% displacement of coracoclavicular distance
6: inferior
anterior dislocation of shoulder
younger patients have higher rate of occurance
older people have greater risk of rotator cuff tears
axillary nerve is most commonly injured
musculocutaneous nerve is commonly injured with surgery
nerve injuries associated with humeral fractures
nerves normally resolve spontaneously
radial nerve palsy occurs in 5-10% of patients
radial nerve apraxia
what kind of pediatric fractures get tardy nervy palsy
lateral condyle fractures of the humerus that don’t heal and go into valgus
fractures of distal radius with disruption of DRUJ
Essex lopresti: radial head fracture and DRUJ injury
Galeazzi fracture: distal radius with DRUJ dislocation
Nursemaid’s elbow: subluxation of radial head
boxer’s fracture
5th MTC neck fracture
guyeon’s canal and cubital tunnel
guyeon’s: ulnar nerve comes next to medial at wrist
cubital: ulnar nerve at the elbow
both can get compressed
lateral epicondylitis
tennis elbow
ECRB, hand/wrist extensors
treat non operatively
associated with ulnar nerve problems
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
6 total compartments
1st compartment has APL and EPB tendons
anatomical snuff box
Dupuytren’s contracture
thickening of palmar fascia
associated with seizure disorder, repeat trauma, alcoholics, Irish background, dupuytren’s disease and peyronie’s disease
trigger finger
thickening and catching of the A1 pulley flexor tendon
shoulder dislocations are associated with
bankart lesion: anterior glenoid labrum tear
axillary nerve injury
what fractures lead to traumatic fractures
intra articular (in joint) are worse
salter 3 goes into joint
what is the major function of the biceps tendon
supinations (40% of supination strength)
golfer’s elbow
medial epicondylitis
flexors of wrist
how to test for De Quervain’s
positive finklestein’s test
muscular contraction that is at a constant rate
isokinetic
concentric
muscle shortening
eccentric
muscle lengthening
most sensitive test for ACL is
lachman’s
lumbar nerves DTR, motor and sensory
L4: anterior tibial, knee, medial foot
L5: EHL, 1st web space
S1: peroneals and PFs, achilles, lateral foot
fragmentation of femoral capital epiphysis
leeg calves perthes disease
quasi moto is tuberculosis of the spine
potts disease
treatment indications for scoliosis
bracing: more than 25 degrees with progression and growth or 30 degrees and still growing
surgery: more than 40 degrees and progression or 50 degrees
what is seen on an xray with someone with osteoarthritis
subcondral cysts
sceloris
decreased joint space
pariarticular calcification
what is the initial treatment for OA
rest
heat
PT
anti inflammatories
how does cancellous bone fail
compression injury
trendelenburg sign
when you stand on one foot with weak abductors, the opposite hip drops and pt. shifts weight towards involved sidee
characteristics of woven bone
non parallel
different sizes and shapes
what is spondylolisthesis
slipping of one vertebral body on another
occurs with hyperextension of the spine that occurs in football and ballet athletes
nutritional rickets is a lack of
vitamin D
scurvy is a lack of
vitamin C
what tumors metastasis to bone
kidney
thyroid
breast
prostate
what is a green stick fracture
convex fails under tension and concave side
first and most significant symptom of osteomyelitis
pain
dead bone that sits
sequesterd
what shows up as less bone on an xray
osteopenia
what type of collagen is in bone
type 1 collagen
how to treat posterior sternoclavicular dislocation
operate because it presses on nerves and arteries
silver fork deformity
colles fracture
fracture of the ulnar shaft that is associated with ulnar head dislocation
conteggia fracture
bowman’s angle
supracondylar humereus fractures
talus fracture and radial lucency after a few weeks
hawkin’s sign
good because blood going to dead bone
volcman’s ischemic is a result of?
intrinsic tightness and loss of function of hand
long term sequelle of compartment syndrome
most specific test for ACL is
pivot shift
club foot
telipes equines deformity and hind foot in varus
le sage test
test for lumbosacral radiculopathy
Classifications SLR test
flip test
test for lumbosacral radiculopathy
sitting root test
how does cortical bone fail
withstands compression and shear more than tension
monteggia fracture
ulnar shaft fracture with radial head dislocation and posterior interosseous nerve palsy
madelung’s deformity
ulnar positive deviation and radial deformity. growth plate makes radius grows towards ulna
