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Church History 1 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the first reason we study history

A

to obey the commandment of the Lord

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2
Q

What is the second reason we study history

A

to understand and see God’s providential plan for the ages

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3
Q

What is the third reason we study history

A

to provide illustrations and see Bible principles exemplified

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4
Q

What is the fourth reason we study history

A

to see error and how it develops

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5
Q

What is the fifth reason we study history

A

to give the believer stability and roots

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6
Q

What is the past

A

“things which thou hast seen” - 7 local churches

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7
Q

What is the present

A

“things which are” - 7 characteristics of churches (believers throughout history)

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8
Q

What is the future

A

“things which shall be” - Parallel 7 major periods of development in church history

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9
Q

What churches are the 7 letters to

A

1) Ephesus
2) Smyrna
3) Pergamos
4) Thyatira
5) Sardis
6) Philadelphia
7) Laodicea

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10
Q

What is the passage of scripture that goes with the Ephesus letter

A

Revelation 2:2-4

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11
Q

What is the time period of the Ephesus church

A

AD 30-100

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12
Q

What is the passage of scripture that goes with the Smyrna church

A

Revelation 2:9-10

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13
Q

What is the time period of the Smyrna church

A

AD 100-300

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14
Q

What is the passage of scripture that goes with the Pergamos church

A

Revelation 2:14-15

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15
Q

What is the time period of the Pergamos church

A

AD 300-500

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16
Q

What is the passage of scripture that goes with the Thyatira church

A

Revelation 2:19-20

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17
Q

What is the time period of the Thyatira church

A

AD 500-1500

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18
Q

What is the church that Ephesus is parallel to

A

Apostolic church

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19
Q

What is the church that Smyrna is parallel to

A

Persecuted church

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20
Q

What is the church that Pergamos is parallel to

A

Worldly church

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21
Q

What is the church that Thyatira is parallel to

A

Roman church

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22
Q

What are the two purposes of prophecy

A

1) it is so we can learn more about the God of prophecy, not the prophecy itself
2) it is to learn more about Jesus

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23
Q

What is it called when some doctrines were introduced in part with additional details to follow in later revelation

A

Progressive revelation

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24
Q

What is it called when the increasing ability to comprehend over time what God has written

A

Progressive illumination

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25
Q

What is it called when prophecy of a passage is taken a face value

A

Literal (normative) interpretation

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26
Q

What are the 3 obstacles to illumination of prophecy

A

1) some prophecies did not seem to “fit” with each other
2) Some prophecies have a double fulfillment
3) Some historical passages were not even viewed prophetically until their fulfillment

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27
Q

What are the 3 things that the study of history is

A

1) Limited
2) Selective
3) Biased

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28
Q

What are the 5 key events of the “Acts” church during the Ephesus church period

A

1) Pentecost
2) Paul’s Conversion
3) Paul’s Journeys
4) Jerusalem Council
5) Paul’s first Roman imprisonment

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29
Q

When did Pentecost happen

A

AD 30

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30
Q

When did Paul’s conversion happen

A

AD 32

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31
Q

When did Paul’s journeys happen

A

AD 47-58

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32
Q

When did the Jerusalem council happen

A

AD 50

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33
Q

When did Paul’s first roman imprisonment happen

A

AD 60

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34
Q

Who were the key people of the “Acts” church during the Ephesus church period

A

1) The Twelve
2) Paul

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35
Q

What does apostle mean

A

one who is sent

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36
Q

What were the key issues of the “Acts” during the Ephesus church period

A

1) Gentile salvation
2) Gnosticism

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37
Q

What is Gnosticism

A

a Greek philosophy that held to the physical world is evil but the spiritual world is good

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38
Q

What were the 5 key events of the “Post-Acts” church during the Ephesus church period

A

1) The deaths of the twelve
2) The burning of Rome
3) The destruction of the temple
4) The completion of Scriptures
5) The expanded persecution of Christians

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39
Q

Who were the 4 key people of the “Post-Acts” church during the Ephesus church period

A

1) Nero
2) Josephus
3) Clement of Rome
4) Domitian

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40
Q

Who reigned from AD 54-68, and was the 4th Roman emperor

A

Nero

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41
Q

Who began the Roman persecution of Christians by arresting and executing key leaders

A

Nero

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42
Q

Who was a wealthy Jewish leader in the rebellion against Rome

A

Josephus

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43
Q

Who allied with the Romans when Jerusalem fell, becoming a negotiator and chronicler

A

Josephus

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44
Q

Who was the leading pastor at Rome in the late 1st century

A

Clement of Rome

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45
Q

Who letters to Corinth in AD 95 appealed to unity under delegated leadership

A

Clement of Rome

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46
Q

Who made early arguments for apostolic succession, distinctions between clergy and laity, and Roman church leadership

A

Clement of Rome

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47
Q

Who ascribed perpetual virginity to Mary

A

Clement of Rome

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48
Q

Who was the Roman emperor at AD 90

A

Domitian

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49
Q

Who exiled John to Patmos

A

Domitian

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50
Q

Who issued poll tax for pagan feast, demanded the title “Lord and God”

A

Domitian

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51
Q

What were the 2 key issues of the “Post-Acts” church during the Ephesus church period

A

1) Church authority
2) Pride

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52
Q

The Ephesus church was known as what according to Revelation 2:1-7

A

a loveless church

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53
Q

Who were Nicolaitans

A

They were Roman leaders who tried to stamp out Christianity

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54
Q

What does Nicolaitans mean

A

conquer of the people

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55
Q

What were the 3 key events of the Smyrna church period

A

1) Continued expansion of persecution
2) The “Rule of Faith”
3) The Recognition of the Canon

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56
Q

What were the 4 reasons that the church was persecuted

A

1) it lost its identification with Judaism
2) Roman emperors increasingly saw themselves as divine and demanded worship
3) Christian doctrine and practices were frequently misunderstood
4) Christians became easy scapegoats

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57
Q

Who blamed Christians for the burning of Rome in AD 64

A

Nero

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58
Q

Who persecuted Christians in AD 95 for failure to pay religious taxes and acknowledge the deity of the emperor

A

Domitian

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59
Q

Who didn’t seek Christians, but executed them if they refused to deny Christ and revere the emperor

A

Trajan

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60
Q

What was the Roman Emperor in AD 117-138

A

Trajan

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61
Q

Who had local persecutions, not empire wide

A

Antoninus Pius

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62
Q

Who was emperor of Rome in AD 139-161

A

Antoninus Pius

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63
Q

Who assumed martyrs merely sought “theatrical deaths” and used spies to catch believers

A

Marcus Aurelius

64
Q

What was emperor of Rome in AD 161-180

A

Marcus Aurelius

65
Q

Who had localized persecutions in Egypt and North Africa

A

Septimius Severus

66
Q

Who was the Roman emperor in AD 193-211

A

Septimius Severus

67
Q

Who focused on the persecution of Christian leadership

A

Maximinus

68
Q

Who was Roman emperor in 235-238

A

Maximinus

69
Q

Who blamed Christians for the Roman plague when they failed to celebrate Rome’s birthday

A

Decius

70
Q

Who required sacrifices of allegiance to Rome to obtain libellus certifcates

A

Decius

71
Q

Who was emperor in Rome in 247-251

A

Decius

72
Q

Who continued Decius’ policies blaming Christians for natural calamities

A

Valerian

73
Q

Who was emperor in Rome in AD 253-260

A

Valerian

74
Q

Who had the severest persecution of Christians during his reign

A

Diocletian

75
Q

Who destroyed places of worship, burned sacred books, imprisoned clergy, revoked Christians’ Roman citizenship

A

Diocletian

76
Q

What were the 4 results of the persecution of Christians

A

1) expansion of Christianity
2) Recognition of the NT canon
3) Rise of the apologists
4) Creation of a new problem… what to do with believers who denied Christ

77
Q

What is the Rule of Faith

A

a brief statement of essential doctrine and a tool used to evaluate converts

78
Q

What is a canon

A

rules or standards

79
Q

What are the 5 essential qualifications for recognizing Canon

A

1) It is Authoritative
2) Is it Apostolic
3) Is it Authentic
4) Is it Able to change lives
5) Is it Accepted by the churches

80
Q

When did Peter recognizes Paul’s writings as Scripture

A

AD 64

81
Q

When did the Book of Revelation complete the NT canon

A

AD 90

82
Q

When did the Muratorian canon take place

A

AD 170

83
Q

When did Irenaeus’ list of “undisputed books” come out

A

AD 175

84
Q

When did Origen add Hebrews and Jude to Irenaeus’ list

A

AD 220

85
Q

When did Athanasius list only our present 27 NT books as “canonical”

A

AD 340

86
Q

When did the council of Carthage take place

A

AD 397

87
Q

When did the Muratorian Fragment take place

A

AD 170

88
Q

The Muratorian Fragment is known as what

A

Earliest listing of NT books

89
Q

Who wrote Ecclesiastical History

A

Eusebius

90
Q

When did Eusebius write Ecclesiastical History

A

AD 325

91
Q

Who wrote “Concerning the Genuine Books of Divinely Inspired Scripture”

A

Gregory of Nazianzus

92
Q

When did Gregory of Nazianzus write “Concerning the Genuine Books of Divinely Inspired Scripture”

A

AD 380

93
Q

When did the 3rd council of Carthage take place

A

AD 397

94
Q

What did the 3rd Council of Carthage do

A

list the NT books by category

95
Q

Who was the bishop of the church of Antioch early in the 2nd century, wrote 7 letters while on his way to Rome for execution under Trajan, argued strongly against Docetism by emphasizing the importance of the Lord’s Supper, taught that heresy was best combated through unity of the church under its bishops

A

Ignatius of Antioch

96
Q

Dates for Ignatius of Antioch

A

???-115

97
Q

Who was a disciple of John, eventually becoming the bishop of Smyrna , and quoted much Scripture and wrote on practical Christianity

A

Polycarp

98
Q

Dates for Polycrap

A

69-155

99
Q

Who was highly educated Gentile who became a believer in 133 , great “apologist” for Christianity Quoted or alluded to most of the N.T. in his writings, his best-known works are First Apology and Dialogue with Trypho, Often went too far in “Christianizing” pagan philosophers

A

Justin Martyr

100
Q

Dates for Justin Martyr

A

100-165

101
Q

Who was a wealthy merchant and “preacher’s kid”, came to Rome from Pontus at AD 140 promoting Gnostic Christianity, very anti-Semitic, rejecting the O.T. and the God it portrayed, rejected “pro-Jewish” N.T. books

A

Marcion

102
Q

Dates for Marcion

A

110-160

103
Q

Who was a disciple of Polycarp and a bishop in Lyons (France), his best-known work is Against Heresies, a rebuttal of Gnosticism, emphasized the importance of the O.T. and the unity of Scripture, emphasized the unity of the church in faith and practice, his “canon” of “undisputed books” included 80% of our present N.T.

A

Irenaeus

104
Q

Dates for Irenaeus

A

130-200

105
Q

Who was a prolific writer (30 books), who was very opinionated and blunt, wrote on the role of women in the church, apology - Critique of pagan religion and Christian persecution, 5 books against Marcion’s teachings, articulated a pro-life view, held an extremely strong (and incorrect) view on baptism, “dispensational” in his eschatology, his wording of doctrine and writings defined orthodoxy for centuries, against Praxeus - first to use “Persons” to describe the Trinity

A

Tertullian

106
Q

Dates for Tertullian

A

150-212

107
Q

Who was educated in secular, Christian, and Hebrew writings, became the lead teacher at the highly gnostic “Christian” school in Alexandria, became a bishop in Caesarea around 230, famous for his “asceticism”
Wrote De Principiis, Christendom’s first “systematic theology” which taught several unbiblical doctrines, tended to spiritualize and allegorize the Scriptures to “hidden” meanings, compiled the “Hexapla” but exerted gnostic influence on Greek manuscripts

A

Origen

108
Q

Dates for Origen

A

185-254

109
Q

Who became bishop of Carthage in 248, negotiated a compromise to the problem of “lapsed” Christians, disputed over baptisms with Stephen, the bishop of Rome, his High view of the church led to several (wrong) conclusions

A

Cyprian

110
Q

What were the 3 key issues of the Smyrna church period

A

1) Docetism
2) Responses to persecution
3) Reponses to “lapsed” Christians

111
Q

What were the 4 responses to persecution

A

1) immediate compromise
2) Avoidance through deception
3) Quiet perseverance through suffering
4) Eager pursuit of martyrdom

112
Q

What were the 3 responses to “lapsed” Christians

A

1) Strict
2) Moderate
3) Lenient

113
Q

The Smyrna church was known as what according to Revelation 2:8-11

A

a loyal church

114
Q

What does Smyrna mean

A

crushed

115
Q

What were the 5 key events of the Pergamos church period

A

1) The conversion of Constantine
2) The Edict of Milan
3) The Ecclesiastical changes
4) The Council of Nicea
5) The Beginnings of Monasticism

116
Q

When did the Edict of Milan take place

A

AD 313

117
Q

What did the Edict of Milan do

A

it made Christianity a legal religion throughout the Roman empire

118
Q

What were the 4 Ecclesiastical changes during the Pergamos church period

A

1) The rebuilding of Churches
2) The elevation of the Clergy
3) The adoption of Pagan holidays
4) The veneration of saints

119
Q

When did the Council of Nicea take place

A

AD 325

120
Q

Who called the Council of Nicea together

A

Constantine

121
Q

What was the purpose of the Council of Nicea

A

To settle doctrines of the church that were being agrued

122
Q

What is the rigorous self-denial of normal pleasures of life for religious purposes

A

Asceticism

123
Q

What did Arianism do

A

deny the deity of Christ

124
Q

What did Apollinarianism do

A

deny the full humanity of Christ

125
Q

What did Nestorianism do

A

divide Christ into two persons, “Son of God” and a “Son of Mary”

126
Q

What did Pelagianism do

A

emphasized man’s role in salvation

127
Q

Who was born in Alexandria, Egypt, he grew up with much exposure to the Egyptian hermits, he spent most of his life refuting Arianism and defending Nicea. This would get him exiled on several occasion, his writings included strong defenses of the Trinity, as well as The Life of St. Antony, which popularized asceticism

A

Athanasius

128
Q

Dates of Athanaius

A

296-373

129
Q

Who was the last emperor to rule over a united empire, and an ardent supporter of Nicene Christianity, and in 380, he made Christianity the official religion of the Roman empire

A

Theodosius

130
Q

Dates for Theodosius

A

347-395

131
Q

Who was born in Italy, he was a gifted scholar, joined several ascetic groups and became fluent in both Greek and Hebrew, and his Latin translation of the Bible, the Vulgate, became the Bible for 1,000 + years

A

Jerome

132
Q

Dates for Jerome

A

331-420

133
Q

Who had his early training was in law, and he became an excellent public speaker, after 10 years of solitude and study, he became a deacon, and then the bishop of Antioch, and his greatest legacy is his preaching

A

John Chrysostom

134
Q

Dates for John Chrysostom

A

350-407

135
Q

Who as a youth, he lived a life of pleasure and sin in Carthage (North Africa) , after failing to find satisfaction in religion and philosophy, he found peace in Jesus Christ in Rome in 386, wrote autobiography Confessions, he dedicated himself to studying theology and the Bible and became the Bishop of Hippo (in North Africa) in 395, when Rome was attacked in 410, many blamed Christians. Augustine’s response was his largest work, The City of God, he is best remembered for arguing against the Donatists and Pelagians

A

Augustine

136
Q

Dates for Augustine

A

354-430

137
Q

Who was a became bishop of Rome in 440, his Tome of Leo greatly influenced the church’s description of Christology, tome of Leo, actively advocated the supremacy of the Roman bishop over all other bishops and churches, he is considered the first true “pope” of the Roman Catholic Church, and one of only three to get the title, “the great”

A

Leo the Great

138
Q

Dates for Leo the Great

A

390-461

139
Q

What is the Pergamos church known for according to Revelation 2:12-17

A

a lifted up church

140
Q

Who was a German printer and pioneer in the use of moveable type and finished printing the Latin Gutenberg Bible

A

Johannes Gutenberg

141
Q

When did Gutenberg finish his bible

A

1456

142
Q

Who was the first to publish the Greek NT

A

Erasmus

143
Q

When did Erasmus publish his Greek NT

A

1516

144
Q

When was the reign of Henry V

A

1413-1422

145
Q

When did the printing press develop

A

1453

146
Q

When did the Reformation start

A

1517

147
Q

When did Luther write his German NT

A

1522

148
Q

When did Tyndale publish his English NT

A

1525/1526

149
Q

When did the Coverdale Bible get published

A

1535

150
Q

What was the Coverdale Bible

A

it was the first complete English Bible issued by Henry VIII’s royal decree

151
Q

When was the Matthew’s Bible published

A

1537

152
Q

When was the Great Bible published

A

1539

153
Q

When was the Geneva Bible published

A

1560

154
Q

When was the Bishop’s Bible published

A

1568

155
Q

When was the Authorized King James Version published

A

1611

Church History 1 (1 decks)

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