Final Exam

Question 1

DHSHEA

Answer 1

Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994

Question 2

Newmaster et al 2013, out of the 12 companies and 44 herbal products, how many were shown to have authentic herbal supplements?

Answer 2

2 out of the 12. No substitution, contaminants, or filler

Question 3

what are the potential side effects of fillers and contaminants?

Answer 3

toxicity, cathartic colon, liver damage, abdominal pain, epidermal breakdown or blistering

Question 4

what was the primary issue related to the case again target and Walmart

Answer 4

selling fraudulent and potentially dangerous herbal supplements. 4 out of the 5 products did not contain any of the herbs on their labels.

Question 5

Regarding the results from gurley et all 2020, how many products tested contained no measurable amounts of CBD

Answer 5

Out of the 25 products, 3 were devoid of CBD

Question 6

what are the primary components of the major third-party certification programs

Answer 6

NSF and Informed-Sport. a monitoring program that certifies that a product has been “skip-lot” tested for banned substances by LGCs world-class sports anti-doping lab

Question 7

Logical Fallacy

Answer 7

an error in reasoning. fallacies are tricks or allusions of common sense. flawed, deceptive, or false argument that can be proven wrong w reasoning

Question 8

appeal to popularity

Answer 8

more inclidned to do something if a substantial number of peers cause it to be bias.

Question 9

appeal to antiguity

Answer 9

not common practice from tradition. rocky training, paleo diet

Question 10

augment from authority

Answer 10

argument proposes that a potion is true because an authority supports or endorses it, something is sponsored by nike

Question 11

definitional ambiguity

Answer 11

the qulaity of being open to more than one interpretation, inexactiness

Question 12

confusining correlation with causation

Answer 12

interperting patterns seeking bias opinions. using a supplement once and saying it cured your problems

Question 13

appeal to anecdote

Answer 13

description or short narrative of an indivduals experinece which can bias a person to make hasty genralizations about a product,can be induced by a personals emotional or finciaial investment in a product

Question 14

leading cause of death in US

Answer 14

heart disease

Question 15

major forms of heart diesease

Answer 15

stroke: affects arties supplying blood to the brain. high blood pressure is related to 70% of strokes. ishecmic stoke= blood vessel is blocked. herrohamic when blood vessel ruptures.

heart attack - conrornary arteries becoming diseased or blocked

infarction = heart does not receive a continual supply of blood and oxygen

ischemia = when blood supply to the heart is partially blocked

Question 16

blood pressure reading

Answer 16

normal = less than 120/80 (systolic/diastolic)

systolic = pressure is the max pressure in the artisletic that occurs when heart contracts

diastolic = pressure between contraction, blood flowing from one chamber to another

Question 16

blood pressure reading

Answer 16

normal = less than 120/80 (systolic/diastolic)

systolic = pressure is the max pressure in the artisletic that occurs when heart contracts

Question 17

atheroscleriosis

Answer 17

hardening of the arteries. plauque formation. not enough oxygen to brian. heart attack occurs

Question 18

do smokers die earlier than non-smokers

Answer 18

1 out of 13 will die early from smoking

Question 19

physiological effects from nicotine

Answer 19

alters mood and provides pleasure

Question 20

whihc smoking related diease leads to destruction of alveoli.

Answer 20

emphysema, destruction of tiny air sacs in the lungs. impairs lungs to obtain oxygen, heart works header and becomes enlarged

Question 21

how is alcohol metabolized and excreted

Answer 21

absorbed into gastrointestinal tract and carried through blood stream to tissues and organs

factors that slow the absorption: food in stomach and nonalcoholic substances

factors that increase= presicne of oxygen in beverage and higher alc content

10% exerted through sweat, urnine, breath

90% broken down by liver, one-half ounce per hour

Question 22

BAC

Answer 22

1 drinks, ½ ounce, BAC 0.02, 1 hour, relaxed or loosened up

2 ½ drinks , 1 ¼ ounces, BAC 0.05, 2 ½ hours, feeling high, decrease in inhibitions, increase in confidence, judment impaired

5 drinks, 2 ½ ounces, BAC 0.10, 5 hours, memory impaired, muscular coordination reduced, slurred speech, sad feelings

10 drinks, 5 ounces, BAC 0.20, 10 hours, slowed relfexed, erratic changes in feelings

15 drinks, 7 ½ ounces, BAC 0.30, 15-16 hours, stuporous, complete loss of coordination, little sensation

20 drinks, 10 ounces, BAC 0.40, 20 hours, may become comatose, breathing may cease

25-30 drinks, 15-20 ounces, BAC 0.50, 26 hours, fatal amount