Final Exam

Question 1

Piece of writing or speaking; the literal meaning

Answer 1

Text

Question 2

Collection of words without a verb or a subject

Answer 2

Phrase

Question 3

An -ing verb is used as a noun in a phrase

Answer 3

Gerund Phrase

Question 4

Underlying meaning of the text

Answer 4

Subtext

Question 5

Surrounding situation of a text

Answer 5

Context

Question 6

Begins with a preposition and ends with the object of the preposition

Answer 6

Prepositional Phrase

Question 7

Combines a major and minor premise to get a conclusion. Can be maldistributed by reversing the major premise.

Answer 7

Syllogism

Question 8

art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing

“the production of spoken and written texts” - James Berlin

Answer 8

Rhetoric

Question 9

“to walk away”
“to die later in life”

Answer 9

Infinitive Phrase

Question 10

Types of claims

Answer 10

of fact (what is / is not)

of value (goodness/badness)

of policy(claim of value but with course of action (should / should not))

Question 11

Noun and verb combination

Answer 11

Clauses

Question 12

Clause that has what it needs to stand on its own but isn’t.

Can function as an adjective or an adverb

Answer 12

Dependent Clause

Question 13

Qualities of the individual elements are qualities of the whole

Answer 13

Composition

Question 14

Qualities of the whole are qualities of individual elements

Answer 14

Division

Question 15

A occurs with B. Therefore, A causes B

Answer 15

Concurrency

Question 16

“after this” B happens after A. Therefore, A causes B

Answer 16

Post-Hoc

Question 17

A is like B in quality C. Therefore, A is like B

Answer 17

Faulty Analogy

Question 18

“Causality cannot be inferred from correlation” has an error of form: _________

Answer 18

Primarily Faulty Analogy

Question 19

(too small a sample!) A1, A2, A3… have quality B. Therefore, all A have B

Answer 19

Hasty Generalization

Question 20

“does not follow” The conclusion does not follow from the premise

Answer 20

Non-Sequitur

Question 21

Claim, Evidence, Warrent (Name for all of them together)

Answer 21

Toulmin Model

Question 22

The parameters of rhetoric are used to find:

Answer 22

Meaning, Audience, and Intended Effect

Question 23

Colon Uses:

Answer 23

independent clause: list

independent clause: quoted material

independent clause: appositive (redefines a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase)